High Energy Density Physics最新文献

{"title":"Cosmological implications and ghost dark energy model in f(Q,C) gravity","authors":"M. Sharif ,&nbsp;M. Zeeshan Gul ,&nbsp;M. Hassan Shahid","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary purpose of this work is to examine the ghost dark energy model in the framework of <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> gravity, where <span><math><mi>Q</mi></math></span> denotes the non-metricity and <span><math><mi>C</mi></math></span> defines the boundary term. For this objective, we examine a flat Friedmann–Robertson–Walker spacetime containing an ideal matter distribution. We investigate a scenario involving interacting fluids that include both dark energy and dark matter in this framework. Further, we reconstruct <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> functional form to analyze the effects of this modified approach on the development of the cosmos. The reconstructed <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> model reveals an increasing behavior for both non-metricity and redshift functions, indicating a viable cosmological model. We explore the behavior of various cosmic parameters with respect to different parametric values. The positive energy density and negative pressure suggest that the universe is in the accelerated expansion phase. The equation of state parameter falls in the phantom region, aligning with observational data. Additionally, the increasing behavior in the (<span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span>)-plane indicates a freezing region, the <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>-plane behavior corresponds to the Chaplygin gas model, reinforcing the model’s compatibility with current cosmological observations. This work provides new insights into the relationship between dark energy models and modified gravity theory, enhancing our understanding of cosmic evolution. Our findings align with the existing observational data (Ade et al., 2016), demonstrating that <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> model accurately describes the dark energy and cosmic evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of cosmic parameters and thermodynamics of higher dimensional Einstein Chern–Simons cosmology through Barrow entropy","authors":"A. Jawad ,&nbsp;Nadeem Azhar ,&nbsp;Warisha ,&nbsp;N. Myrzakulov ,&nbsp;K. Yerzhanov ,&nbsp;S. Myrzakul","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we assume a flat FRW universe in the context of the five-dimensional Einstein Chern–Simons theory of gravity. We take into account the Barrow holographic dark energy density with the Hubble horizon is the boundary of the universe to study the cosmic evolution of the universe. We discuss various cosmological parameters such as the coincidence parameter, density parameter, equation of state parameter, and deceleration parameter. Moreover, we explore thermal stability within the context of this scenario. We consider the Barrow holographic dark energy model with both interacting and non-interacting scenarios of dark components to evaluate these parameters and thermal stability. We plot the coincidence parameter, which displays a DE-dominated phase of the universe. It is interesting to mention here that we obtain some consistent results representing the accelerated expansion of the universe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ion acceleration with an intense short-pulse laser and large-area suspended graphene in an extremely thin target regime","authors":"T. Minami ,&nbsp;C.M. Chu ,&nbsp;O. McCusker ,&nbsp;K. Sakai ,&nbsp;Y.T. Liao ,&nbsp;N. Tamaki ,&nbsp;Ko. Kondo ,&nbsp;H. Kiriyama ,&nbsp;S. Egashira ,&nbsp;M. Ota ,&nbsp;A. Morace ,&nbsp;Y. Sakawa ,&nbsp;M. Alkhimova ,&nbsp;T. Pikuz ,&nbsp;F. Nikaido ,&nbsp;T. Yasui ,&nbsp;S. Suzuki ,&nbsp;Y. Abe ,&nbsp;H. Habara ,&nbsp;H.S. Kumar ,&nbsp;Y. Kuramitsu","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene is an atomic thin 2D material, known as the strongest material with such a thin regime. Free-standing, large-area suspended graphene (LSG) has been developed for a target of laser-driven ion acceleration. The LSG has shown remarkable durability against laser prepulse, producing MeV protons and carbons by direct irradiation with an intense laser without a plasma mirror, yet no optimization has been concerned. Here we investigate the optimization of the laser-driven ion acceleration with LSG, paying special attention to the target conditions. We irradiate nanometer-thick LSG with an intense laser, where the incident angle and the target thickness are controlled. The maximum proton energy increases with increasing the number of LSG layers, where <span><math><mrow><mn>25</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>3</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>MeV</mi></mrow></math></span> protons at maximum are consistently observed with Thomson parabola spectrometer and diamond-based detectors. For comparison purposes, we perform ideal numerical simulations using particle-in-cell (PIC) code without consideration of the prepulse. In the PIC simulation, the protons are successively accelerated by the electric field associated with laser radiation pressure and the surface sheath field, yet the maximum proton energies are overestimated. The maximum proton energies from the experiment asymptotically approach the ideal PIC expectations, indicating that the thinner LSG is more affected by the prepulse. We expect higher proton energy with the optimized LSG conditions and a plasma mirror.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring hybrid scalar factor and ekpyrotic bouncing cosmology in f(Q,R) Gravity","authors":"Aimen Rauf ,&nbsp;Bander Almutairi ,&nbsp;A.S. Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we delve into the evolution of the Hubble parameter, focusing on its sign reversal in the early universe and its stability within <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> gravity. Methods are employed to investigate the universe’s behavior concerning hybrid scale factor scenarios, including the sub-relativistic, radiation, ultra-relativistic, dust, and stiff fluid universes, concerning the equation of state (EoS) parameters. This research builds on previous ones by providing a more in-depth investigation of the bouncing scenarios inside the <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> gravity framework, reconstructing gravitational Lagrangians established for certain parameter values. Once rebuilt, these Lagrangians allow the examination of energy conditions required for a realistic bouncing model and give analytical answers to the ekpyrotic (Ekkart) bounce model. The function of exotic matter, renowned for its high negative pressure, is the key factor promoting the universe’s acceleration expansion. An analysis of <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> gravity theories, particularly focusing on bouncing scenarios, distinguishes this work from earlier studies on alternative gravity theories and their cosmological implications. This research offers a detailed investigation of bouncing models along with a detailed examination of the energy conditions present in <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> gravity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The screening effect of the plasma ions on the electron-impact excitation process and subsequent polarization of X-ray photoemission","authors":"Z.B. Chen ,&nbsp;P.F. Liu ,&nbsp;Y.Y. Qi ,&nbsp;G.P. Zhao ,&nbsp;H.Y. Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this manuscript, we calculate the spectral properties and the electron-impact excitation cross sections in the semiclassical dense hydrogen plasmas, by solving the modified relativistic Dirac equation based on the Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian and using the suggested relativistic distorted wave method, respectively. The obtained cross sections are then used to study the polarization of the de-excitation X-ray photoemission, which allows a deeper probe of the electronic structural properties of the atoms/ions, thus yielding a comprehensive understanding of the underlying atomic processes. We employ the effective model potential proposed by Ramazanov et al. (2015) to replace the electron-nucleus Coulomb potential, where the former (potential) is derived for general two interacting charged particles taking into account the quantum mechanical and screening effects in semiclassical dense plasmas. Relativistic effects, including the Breit interaction and dominant quantum electrodynamics corrections, are included. Our study involves a comprehensive investigation of the screening effect of the plasma ions on the various properties such as the bound state energies, excitation energies, transition rates, electron-impact excitation cross sections and subsequent polarizations of X-ray photoemission across a wide range of plasma parameters. We compare our numerical results with other available experimental and theoretical data, showing good agreement. The outcomes of this work not only help to better understand the fundamental properties of plasmas, but also provide important applications in fusion, astrophysics, and other fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast electron collimation by self-generated magnetic fields at resistivity gradient in imploded plasma","authors":"Yoshinori Ueyama ,&nbsp;Hideo Nagatomo ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Johzaki ,&nbsp;Hitoshi Sakagami ,&nbsp;Hideaki Habara","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We performed an experiment aiming to demonstrate the collimation of fast electrons by the magnetic field generated at the resistivity gradient in imploded plasma. By using a solid sphere target with an inserted high-Z metal wire, the number of fast electrons reaching the imploded core increased by 93%. The generation of the magnetic field and collimation of fast electrons are confirmed by a two-dimensional Particle-in-Cell simulation using plasma parameters calculated by a radiative hydrodynamic simulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of circular geodesics and thermodynamics of a Bumblebee gravity-like black hole","authors":"Riasat Ali ,&nbsp;Terkaa Victor Targema ,&nbsp;Xia Tiecheng ,&nbsp;Rimsha Babar","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we explore the thermodynamic and geodesic stability of Reissner–Nordström (RN) black holes within the framework of Bumblebee gravity (BG), a Lorentz-violating extension of general relativity (GR). By examining the black hole’s mass distribution and horizon thermodynamics, we establish that although charged black holes in BG exhibit local stability, they remain globally unstable. This conclusion is substantiated by the positive-definite Gibbs free energy and the negative-definite Hessian matrix, which collectively indicate a fundamental instability in the system’s global equilibrium. We utilized the effective potential to derive the Lyapunov exponents for both time-like and null geodesics, assessing their stability. We found that the circular orbits beyond the innermost stable circular orbits in the Schwarzschild regime are stable, which contrasts with the RN black hole solution in GR. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that a strong Bumblebee field induces unstable orbits. We establish that extreme RN black holes in Einstein gravity do not possess quasi-normal frequencies and instead exhibit stable, constant perturbations. In the non-extremal case, perturbations settle into a steady state, maintaining a constant amplitude. This behavior parallels observations made in the context of the Bumblebee effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring capabilities of Micro-Fabricated 3D-printed capsules for studying effects of material mix on thermonuclear burn","authors":"T.A. Coffman ,&nbsp;Y. Kim ,&nbsp;L.M. Green ,&nbsp;R.S. Lester ,&nbsp;B.M. Haines ,&nbsp;D.W. Schmidt ,&nbsp;P. Donovan ,&nbsp;B. Patterson ,&nbsp;R.W. VanDervort ,&nbsp;P.J. Adrian ,&nbsp;P.M. Kozlowski ,&nbsp;R.H. Dwyer ,&nbsp;J.M. Levesque ,&nbsp;C. Fry ,&nbsp;A. Haid ,&nbsp;M. Do ,&nbsp;C. Shuldberg","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The introduction of a high-precision, 3D-printing method, known as two-photon polymerization (2PP), has created a new means of producing novel targets to study inertial confinement fusion (ICF). This work aims to explore if 2PP fabricated capsules can meet ICF requirements such as size, uniformity, deuteration degree, and ability to maintain gas fill. Two types of capsules with 3D-printed lattices were evaluated on the Omega-60 Laser Facility: (1) carbon-deuterium-oxygen (CDO) lattice with a H₂ gas fill and (2) carbon-hydrogen-oxygen (CHO) lattice with a D₂ gas fill. Experimental results and numerical simulations, which assumed complete mixing of capsule materials, reasonably agreed for both target types. A further study into the effects of capsule preheat or 2PP geometry on material mix is underway. Our work demonstrates that the unique capabilities of customizable, 3D-printed capsules present promising opportunities for further investigation into more sophisticated mix and burn experiments in ICF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Siegert-pseudostate formulation with B-splines","authors":"H.B. Tran Tan,&nbsp;C.J. Fontes,&nbsp;C.E. Starrett","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Siegert states (SSs) serve as a useful basis for studying quantum scattering from finite-range potentials. Since they form a discrete instead of continuous set of eigen-solutions, SSs are convenient for performing electronic structure calculations in atoms, molecules, and plasmas. Numerical instabilities may arise, however, in the computation of SSs if the potential vanishes for some extended region, a situation commonly occurring in plasma calculations. In this paper, we identify the cause of these instabilities as the use of non-localized radial basis functions. We thus advocate the use of localized radial basis functions, in particular B-splines, for more robust computations of SSs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-rocket piston model to study three-dimensional asymmetries in implosions at the national ignition facility","authors":"D.T. Casey ,&nbsp;J. Kunimune ,&nbsp;O.A. Hurricane ,&nbsp;O.L. Landen ,&nbsp;P. Springer ,&nbsp;R.M. Bionta ,&nbsp;C.V. Young ,&nbsp;R.C. Nora ,&nbsp;B.J. MacGowan ,&nbsp;J.A. Gaffney ,&nbsp;B. Kustowski ,&nbsp;C. Weber ,&nbsp;A. Kritcher ,&nbsp;J. Milovich ,&nbsp;S. Haan ,&nbsp;M. Gatu Johnson ,&nbsp;D. Schlossberg ,&nbsp;S. Kerr ,&nbsp;P.L. Volegov ,&nbsp;D.N. Fittinghoff ,&nbsp;M. Freeman","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ignition and gain greater than unity has been achieved in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). These accomplishments required implosions that produced high hotspot pressures that are inertially confined by a dense shell of DT fuel. However, even in the burning and igniting plasma regime, 3D asymmetries can reduce the coupling of shell kinetic energy to the hotspot harming the overall implosion performance and truncating burn. Likewise, the overall scale of the implosion can be minimized by maintaining a high efficiency of energy coupling from the imploding shell to the hotspot. Recent experiments commonly show signs of significant 3D asymmetry that manifest as high hotspot velocity or asymmetry in the self-emission and scattered neutron images. While modeling 3D asymmetries in implosion with full scale hydrodynamic simulations is often performed, it is labor intensive and computationally costly. Therefore, 3D simulation is applied only in special cases like experiments of particular interest. To enable a wider survey of 3D post-shot analysis, an approximate but computationally inexpensive approach is applied by using multiple rocket-pistons discretizing the spherical implosion. These rocket-pistons are coupled together through the central hotspot pressure using the power balance equations. The approach is similar to that reported by Springer [Springer et al., Nuclear Fusion <strong>59</strong> (3) (2019)] with the inclusion of an approximate hohlraum model beginning at the rocket-implosion stage and post-processing of realistic synthetic diagnostic data at the stagnation and peak burn. This rocket piston tool can provide approximate 3D image and diagnostic data that can then be compared quantitively with data enabling new techniques in iterative, forward fitting, and machine learning to interpreting measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}