Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada最新文献

Intentional injury hospitalizations in geographical areas with a high percentage of Aboriginal-identity residents, 2004/2005 to 2009/2010. 2004/2005年至2009/2010年土著居民比例高的地理区域的故意伤害住院情况。

Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada Pub Date : 2014-07-01

L N Oliver, P Finès, E Bougie, D Kohen

{"title":"Intentional injury hospitalizations in geographical areas with a high percentage of Aboriginal-identity residents, 2004/2005 to 2009/2010.","authors":"L N Oliver, P Finès, E Bougie, D Kohen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study describes rates of self-inflicted and assault-related injury hospitalizations in areas with a relatively high percentage of residents identifying as First Nations, Métis and Inuit, by injury cause, age group and sex.Methods: All separation records from acute in-patient hospitals for Canadian provinces and territories excluding Quebec were obtained from the Discharge Abstract Database. Dissemination areas with more than 33% of residents reporting an Aboriginal identity in the 2006 Census were categorized as high-percentage Aboriginal-identity areas.Results: Overall, in high-percentage Aboriginal-identity areas, age-standardized hospitalization rates (ASHRs) for self-inflicted injuries were higher among females, while ASHRs for assault-related injuries were higher among males. Residents of high-percentage Aboriginal-identity areas were at least three times more likely to be hospitalized due to a self-inflicted injury and at least five times more likely to be hospitalized due to an assault-related injury compared with those living in low-percentage Aboriginal-identity areas.Conclusion: Future research should examine co-morbidities, socio-economic conditions and individual risk behaviours as factors associated with intentional injury hospitalizations.","PeriodicalId":49222,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada","volume":"34 2-3","pages":"82-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32479055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Injuries and helmet use related to non-motorized wheeled activities among pediatric patients. 儿科患者非机动轮式活动相关的伤害和头盔使用。

Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada Pub Date : 2014-07-01

H Lindsay, M Brussoni

{"title":"Injuries and helmet use related to non-motorized wheeled activities among pediatric patients.","authors":"H Lindsay, M Brussoni","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Patients presenting to emergency departments (ED) for injuries resulting from recreational activities represent a unique source of information on important directions for injury prevention efforts. We describe the epidemiology of non-motorized wheeled activity-related injury in pediatric patients presenting to Canadian EDs as well as patients' helmet use.Methods: Data for the years 2004 to 2009 were abstracted from the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program (CHIRPP), a national ED injury surveillance program in fifteen hospitals.Results: Most of the 28 618 children aged 1 to 16 years injured during non-motorized wheeled activities were injured while cycling, followed by skateboarding. Most injuries occurred among boys. Children injured on scooters tended to be younger whereas skateboarders were the oldest. On average, the number of all injuries decreased by 6% over the time period. Falls were the most common mechanism of injury; 8.3% of patients had head injuries, which were seen more often among cyclists than other wheeled-activity users. Helmet use was greatest among cyclists (62.2%) and lowest among skateboarders (32.9%). Injured patients presenting to EDs in jurisdictions with legislation mandating helmet use had 2.12 greater odds of helmet use and 0.86 lesser odds of head injury compared with those presenting in jurisdictions without helmet laws.Conclusion: These results provide further evidence that legislation mandating helmet use may be an effective way of reducing injury among all wheeled-activity users. The small number of patients who presented with helmet use and protective gear (59.4% overall) suggests that this remains an area for intervention.","PeriodicalId":49222,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada","volume":"34 2-3","pages":"74-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32479054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comprehensive profile of the sociodemographic, psychosocial and health characteristics of Ontario home care clients with dementia. 安大略省老年痴呆症家庭护理客户的社会人口、心理社会和健康特征的综合概况。

Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada Pub Date : 2014-07-01

M Vu, D B Hogan, S B Patten, N Jetté, S E Bronskill, G Heckman, M J Kergoat, J P Hirdes, X Chen, M M Zehr, C J Maxwell

{"title":"A comprehensive profile of the sociodemographic, psychosocial and health characteristics of Ontario home care clients with dementia.","authors":"M Vu, D B Hogan, S B Patten, N Jetté, S E Bronskill, G Heckman, M J Kergoat, J P Hirdes, X Chen, M M Zehr, C J Maxwell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study provides a comprehensive summary of the sociodemographic, psychosocial and health characteristics of a large population-based cohort of Ontario home care clients (aged 50 years and over) with dementia and examines the variation in these characteristics in those with co-existing neurological conditions.Methods: Clients were assessed with the Resident Assessment Instrument-Home Care (RAI-HC) between January 2003 and December 2010. Descriptive analyses examined the distribution of these characteristics among clients with dementia relative to several comparison groups, as well as clients with other recorded neurological conditions.Results: Approximately 22% of clients (n=104 802) had a diagnosis of dementia (average age 83 years, 64% female) and about one in four within this group had a co-existing neurological condition (most commonly stroke or Parkinson disease). About 43% of those with dementia did not live with their primary caregiver. Relative to several comparison groups, clients with dementia showed considerably higher levels of cognitive and functional impairment, aggression, anxiety, wandering, hallucinations/delusions, caregiver distress and a greater risk for institutionalization. Conversely, they showed a lower prevalence of several chronic conditions and lower levels of recent health service use. Depressive symptoms were relatively common in the dementia and other neurological groups.Conclusion: Clients with co-existing neurological conditions exhibited unique clinical profiles illustrating the need for tailored and flexible home care services and enhanced caregiver assistance programs.","PeriodicalId":49222,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada","volume":"34 2-3","pages":"132-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32479519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling preventive effectiveness to estimate the equity tipping point: at what coverage can individual preventive interventions reduce socioeconomic disparities in diabetes risk? 建立预防有效性模型以估计公平临界点:个体预防干预在多大范围内可以减少糖尿病风险的社会经济差异?

Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada Pub Date : 2014-07-01

D G Manuel, T H Ho, S Harper, G M Anderson, J Lynch, L C Rosella

{"title":"Modelling preventive effectiveness to estimate the equity tipping point: at what coverage can individual preventive interventions reduce socioeconomic disparities in diabetes risk?","authors":"D G Manuel, T H Ho, S Harper, G M Anderson, J Lynch, L C Rosella","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Most individual preventive therapies potentially narrow or widen health disparities depending on the difference in community effectiveness across socioeconomic position (SEP). The equity tipping point (defined as the point at which health disparities become larger) can be calculated by varying components of community effectiveness such as baseline risk of disease, intervention coverage and/or intervention efficacy across SEP.Methods: We used a simple modelling approach to estimate the community effectiveness of diabetes prevention across SEP in Canada under different scenarios of intervention coverage.Results: Five-year baseline diabetes risk differed between the lowest and highest income groups by 1.76%. Assuming complete coverage across all income groups, the difference was reduced to 0.90% (144 000 cases prevented) with lifestyle interventions and 1.24% (88 100 cases prevented) with pharmacotherapy. The equity tipping point was estimated to be a coverage difference of 30% for preventive interventions (100% and 70% coverage among the highest and lowest income earners, respectively).Conclusion: Disparities in diabetes risk could be measurably reduced if existing interventions were equally adopted across SEP. However, disparities in coverage could lead to increased inequity in risk. Simple modelling approaches can be used to examine the community effectiveness of individual preventive interventions and their potential to reduce (or increase) disparities. The equity tipping point can be used as a critical threshold for disparities analyses.","PeriodicalId":49222,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada","volume":"34 2-3","pages":"94-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32479056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial. Bicycle injuries and injury prevention. 社论。自行车伤害与伤害预防。

Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada Pub Date : 2014-07-01

I B Pless

引用次数: 0

Are Canadian youth still exposed to second-hand smoke in homes and in cars? 加拿大的年轻人仍然暴露在家里和车里的二手烟中吗?

Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada Pub Date : 2014-07-01

A Barisic, S T Leatherdale, R Burkhalter, R Ahmed

{"title":"Are Canadian youth still exposed to second-hand smoke in homes and in cars?","authors":"A Barisic, S T Leatherdale, R Burkhalter, R Ahmed","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The objective of this manuscript is to examine the prevalence of youth exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS) in homes and cars, changes in SHS exposure over time, and factors associated with beliefs youth hold regarding SHS exposure among a nationally representative sample of Canadian youth.Methods: Descriptive analysis of SHS exposure in homes and cars was conducted using data from the Canadian Youth Smoking Survey (2004, 2006 and 2008). Logistic regression was conducted to examine factors associated with beliefs youth had about SHS exposure in 2008.Results: In 2008, 21.5% of youth reported being exposed to SHS in their home on a daily or almost daily basis, while 27.3% reported being exposed to SHS while riding in a car at least once in the previous week. Between 2004 and 2008, the prevalence of daily SHS exposure in the home and cars decreased by 4.7% and 18.0% respectively.Conclusion: Despite reductions in SHS exposure over time, a substantial number of Canadian youth continue to be exposed to SHS in homes and cars. Further effort is required to implement and evaluate policies designed to protect youth from SHS.","PeriodicalId":49222,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada","volume":"34 2-3","pages":"113-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32479058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Report summary. Seniors' Falls in Canada: Second Report: key highlights. 报告总结。加拿大老年人摔倒:第二份报告:主要亮点。

Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada Pub Date : 2014-07-01

A Stinchcombe, N Kuran, S Powell

引用次数: 0

Performance of administrative case definitions for comorbidity in multiple sclerosis in Manitoba and Nova Scotia. 马尼托巴省和新斯科舍省多发性硬化症合并症的行政病例定义的表现。

Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada Pub Date : 2014-07-01

R A Marrie, J D Fisk, K J Stadnyk, H Tremlett, C Wolfson, S Warren, V Bhan, B N Yu

{"title":"Performance of administrative case definitions for comorbidity in multiple sclerosis in Manitoba and Nova Scotia.","authors":"R A Marrie, J D Fisk, K J Stadnyk, H Tremlett, C Wolfson, S Warren, V Bhan, B N Yu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: As the population ages and the prevalence of comorbid conditions increases, the need for feasible, validated methods of comorbidity surveillance in chronic diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) increases.Methods: Using kappa (k) statistics, we evaluated the performance of administrative case definitions for comorbidities commonly observed in MS by comparing agreement between Manitoba (MB) administrative data and self-report (n = 606) and Nova Scotia (NS) administrative data and self-report (n = 1923).Results: Agreement between the administrative definitions and self-report was substantial for hypertension (k = 0.69 [NS], 0.76 [MB]) and diabetes (k = 0.70 [NS], 0.66 [MB]); moderate for hyperlipidemia (k = 0.53 [NS], 0.51 [MB]) and heart disease (k = 0.42 [NS], 0.51 [MB]) and fair for anxiety (k = 0.27 [NS], 0.26 [MB]). In NS, agreement was substantial for inflammatory bowel disease (k = 0.71) and moderate for epilepsy (k = 0.48).Conclusion: Administrative definitions for commonly observed comorbidities in MS performed well in 2 distinct jurisdictions. This suggests that they could be used more broadly across Canada and in national studies.","PeriodicalId":49222,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada","volume":"34 2-3","pages":"145-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32479520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Letter to the editor. Canadian tritium study misleading to the public. 给编辑的信。加拿大的氚研究误导公众。

Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada Pub Date : 2014-07-01

Cathy Vakil, Linda Harvey

引用次数: 0

Building knowledge development and exchange capacity in Canada: lessons from Youth Excel. 在加拿大建立知识发展和交流能力:来自青年卓越的经验教训。

Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada Pub Date : 2014-07-01

B Riley, K Wong, S Manske

{"title":"Building knowledge development and exchange capacity in Canada: lessons from Youth Excel.","authors":"B Riley, K Wong, S Manske","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Youth Excel was a 3-year pan-Canadian initiative to advance youth health through improving knowledge development and exchange (KDE) capacity. KDE capacity refers to an improvement cycle linking evidence and action. Capacities include local surveillance of youth behaviours; knowledge exchange; skills, resources and a supportive environment to use knowledge; and evaluation.Methods: Interviews were conducted with Youth Excel members, including 7 provincial teams and 2 national organizations. Interviews explored participant experiences with building KDE capacity.Results: Local surveillance systems were considered the backbone to KDE capacity, strengthened by co-ordinating surveys within and across jurisdictions and using common indicators and measures. The most effective knowledge exchange included tailored products and opportunities for dialogue and action planning. Evaluation is the least developed KDE component. Building KDE capacity requires frequent dialogue, mutually beneficial partnerships and trust. It also requires attention to language, vision, strategic leadership and funding.Conclusion: Youth Excel reinforces the need for a KDE system to improve youth health that will require new perspectives and sustained commitment from individual champions and relevant organizations.","PeriodicalId":49222,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada","volume":"34 2-3","pages":"154-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32479521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0