Bulletin of Armenian Studies最新文献

{"title":"«Одзакарпеты» из Гадрута","authors":"Лилия Аванесян","doi":"10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-110","url":null,"abstract":"В фондах Музея истории Армении хранятся безворсовые ковры-карпеты XIX века со стилизованными изображениями Змея – так называемые «Одзакарпеты». Эти шерстяные карпеты вытканы в сложной технике «косой обкрутки нити». В XVII веке подобные безворсовые карпеты начали изготовлять в городах Малой Азии – Себастии и Зиле. Mестом создания экспонатов представленных в Музее истории Армении являются Арцах–Сюник, Нахиджеван, Васпуракан.\u0000The History Museum of Armenia keeps lint-free carpets with large stylized images of the Dragon Snake from Artsakh, Syunik, Sebastia. Woolen carpets are woven by master carpet weavers using the complex technique of oblique wrapping. In the XVIIth century, such lint-free carpets began to be made in the cities of Asia Minor Sebastia and Zile. However, the places of origin of these valuable products are Artsakh-Syunik, Nakhijevan, Vaspurakan. The Armenian historian Arshak Alpoyachyan, based on the study of historical documents, testifies that in the middle of the XVIth century, during military campaigns in the Asia Minor, a large number of Armenians were driven away from the eastern provinces of Armenia – from Nakhijevan, Artsakh, Vaspurakan and Yerevan. Among the people driven to the cities of Sebastia, Tokat, Zile and others, there were many artisans and carpet weavers. And the Hungarian art historian Károly Gombos writes that the carpets with images of dragons (vishaps) began to be made in the XIIth–XVIth centuries, and Artsakh was the place of the their origin of “Vishapagorgs” (dragon-carpets).","PeriodicalId":491896,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Armenian Studies","volume":"545 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140472598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Композиция сводчатого зала в средневековой архитектуре Арцаха","authors":"Л. С. Киракосян","doi":"10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-249","url":null,"abstract":"Разновидность культового сооружения типа сводчатого зала становится очень популярной композицией на территории Арцаха в XII–XIII вв., что является одной из особенностей местной архитектурной школы. Эта композиция характерна для всех церквей, входивших в состав монастырских комплексов Арцаха (Бри егци, Охт ехци, Кошик анап, Гтчаванк и др.). Между тем в других архитектурных школах Армении тип сводчатого зала использовался в основном для часовен и малых церквей.\u0000It is one of the special features of the medieval architectural school of the region. This composition was used for all the churches in Artsakh monasteries (\"Bri Eghtsi\", \"Okhte Eghtsi\", Koshik Anapat, Gtchavank, etc.). Meanwhile, in other architectural schools of Armenia, it is found in chapels and small churches. The composition of the covered hall was also used in the secular buildings of the monasteries (hallway, refectory). In the article, only religious structures were examined.","PeriodicalId":491896,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Armenian Studies","volume":"85 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140477522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Общепринятый принцип «военной необходимости» защиты культурных ценностей в случае вооруженных столкновений и вандализм Азербайджана","authors":"Армине Тигранян","doi":"10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-305","url":null,"abstract":"С началом войны 27-го сентября 2020-го года вооружённые силы Азербайджана намеренно и открыто начали наносить удары по историко-культурному наследию Арцаха, тем самым не только нарушая взятые на себя обязательства, возложенные различными международными конвенциями, но и общепринятые нормы международного права по защите культурного наследия. В данной статье на примере обстрела со стороны Азербайджана церкви Сурб Аменапркич в Шуши, представлен анализ принципов защиты культурного наследия во время войны (при военной необходимости).\u0000Since the start of the war on September 27, 2020, the Azerbaijani armed forces have openly targeted the Armenian cultural heritage of Artsakh, violating not only its international obligations, imposed by various conventions, but also the generally accepted customary international norms for the protection of cultural heritage. In this article, on the example of the shelling of the St. Amenaprkich (St. All-Savior) or Ghazanchetsots Church in Shushi by Azerbaijan, an analysis of the principle of military necessity for the protection of cultural heritage during the war is presented.","PeriodicalId":491896,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Armenian Studies","volume":"175 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140473966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Крепость Карнакаш провинции Бердзор (Арцах)","authors":"Алексан Акопян","doi":"10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-208","url":null,"abstract":"Крепость Карнакаш является одним из наименее изученных защитных сооружений в гаваре Бердзор, которая локализуется на юго-западе провинции Арцах, Великой Армении по «Ашхарацойц»-у, на среднем левобережье реки hАкари. После завершения Первой Карабахской войны и заселения Кашатахского района беженцами из Азербайджана, специалисты смогли всесторонне изучить армянские памятники на освобожденных территориях, в том числе и крепость Карнакаш. Обнаруженные на месте осколки характерной керамики, а также сохранившиеся части крепостных стен, обследованные нами в 2007 г., а затем и другими специалистами, указывают на обычную фортификационную строительную технику эпохи развитого средневековья, начиная со времени ослабления арабского владычества в регионе в IХ веке.\u0000Karnakash Fortress was one of the least explored defensive structures in Berdzor district (gavar), which is located in the south-west of the Artsakh province of Greater Armenia according to “Ashkharhatsoyts”, on the middle left bank of the Hakari river. After the end of the First Karabakh War and the settlement of the Qashatakh region of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (Republic of Artsakh), specialists were able to comprehensively study the Armenian monuments of the liberated territories, including the fortress of Karnakash. Found fragments of special ceramics, as well as preserved parts of the fortress walls, examined by us in 2007, and then by other specialists, indicate the usual fortification building technique of the developed Middle Ages, starting from the time of the weakening of the Arab rule in the 9th century.","PeriodicalId":491896,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Armenian Studies","volume":"139 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Торпедирование культурного наследия Арцаха на Азербайджанских медиа площадках","authors":"Рубен Овсепян","doi":"10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-286","url":null,"abstract":"После окончания 44-дневной второй Арцахкой войны азербайджанская сторона начала вести агрессивную пропаганду, направленную на присвоение историко-культурного наследия Арцаха, на его искажение и особенно на антиармянскую пропаганду. Для анализа методов пропаганды важен мониторинг азербайджанских средств массовой информации и страниц в социальных сетях с целью сбора данных о пропаганде, направленной на присвоение культурного наследия Арцаха.\u0000After the end of the 44-day war in 2020, the Azerbaijani side began an intensive propaganda aimed at appropriation of the cultural and historical heritage of Artsakh, its distortion, and, specifically, anti-Armenian propaganda. To understand the level of propaganda of the Azerbaijani side, it is especially important to monitor different media resources and Azerbaijani social pages. All this gives a huge amount of information about the methods of propaganda which is aimed at appropriating the cultural heritage of Artsakh","PeriodicalId":491896,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Armenian Studies","volume":"263 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Уцелевший «Свадебный обряд»","authors":"Астхик Исраелян","doi":"10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-160","url":null,"abstract":"Статья посвящена арцахскому карпету (безворсовый ковер), который находится в частной коллекции в Ереване. Карпет был создан Соной Акопян в 1904 году в селе Чартар Мартунинского района Арцаха (Нагорный Карабах) и был преобретен у ее родственников, бежавших из Баку в 1990 г. Яркое по цветовой гамме изделие имеет довольно большой размер (497см х 205см) и выткано в двусторонней технике, каждый цвет имеет свое значение и служит определенным знаком.\u0000The studied napless carpet which is now in Yerevan was obtained from refugees from Baku in 1990. They were the relatives of Sona Hakobyan, who has made the carpet in Chartar village, Martuni region in Artsakh, in 1904. Armenian carpets in general have а large number of different functions. They were of particular importance in marriage, because they were an important Астхик Исраелян component of the bride's dowry. This carpet was also made especially for the dowry. That is why the wedding ritual is “described” here by using the traditional patterns and compositions typical of Artsakh. It has different symbols, images of especially significant actions, necessary items and participants of the ceremony.","PeriodicalId":491896,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Armenian Studies","volume":"528 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"О характере и времени институционализации албанской церкви в свете новых археологических исследований в Арцахе","authors":"Г.А. Петросян","doi":"10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-85","url":null,"abstract":"Одним из нерешенных проблем армянской историографии является феномен образования Албанской церкви как автокефальной организации. Письменные источники о зарождении христианства в Албании можно разделить на две группы, которые условно можно назвать «армянской легендой» и «иерусалимской легендой». Согласно «армянской легенде», официальное распространение христианства в Албании происходило почти одновременно с распространением христианства в Армении по инициативе царя Тиридата и Григория Просветителя. Посему в конфессиональном и административном аспектах Албанская церковь находилась под влиянием Армянской церкви.\u0000One of the unresolved problems of Armenology is the phenomenon of the formation of the Albanian Church as an autocephalous organization. The written sources about the birth of Christianity in Albania can be divided into two groups, which can be conditionally called \"Armenian legend\" and \"Jerusalem legend\". According to the \"Armenian legend\", the official spread of Christianity in Albania took place almost simultaneously with the spread of Christianity in Armenia on the initiative of King Tiridates and Gregory the Illuminator. Therefore, in the confessional and administrative aspects, the Albanian Church was under the influence of the Armenian Church.","PeriodicalId":491896,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Armenian Studies","volume":"136 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140477086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"К вопросам этнокультурной принадлежности антропоморфных изваяний Арцахских степей","authors":"Нжде Еранян","doi":"10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-62","url":null,"abstract":"Каменные антропоморфные изваяния появились в Передней Азии и Евразийских степях в 4–3 тысячелетии до н. э. и с большей интенсивностью распространились в 2–1 тысячелетиях до н. э. Данные изваяния встречаются как на территории северо-западного Ирана, Средней Азии, Сибири, Европы, Сев. Кавказа, в Крыму и Северном Причерноморье, так и в Армянском нагорье, в нескольких археологических памятниках Республики Армения. Согласно распространенной в научных кругах точке зрения эти антропоморфные изваяния с присущей им многоликостью являются различными проявлениями широкомасштабной и длительной культурной традиции. Армения отличается наличием многообразия археологических материалов 2–1 тысячелетия до н. э. и можно предполагать, что одним из проявлений данного многообразия являются арцахские изваяния. Каменные антропоморфные изваяния Арцаха – одни из важных составляющих дохристианской культуры региона. Они представляют собой прямоугольные в сечении, почти плоские удлиненные плиты, которые благодаря двум горизонтальным желобкам делятся на 3 части, обозначая три части тела: голову, туловище и область ниже пояса.\u0000In the Near East, in the Eurasian plains, various stone stelae are found, especially beginning from the 4th–3rd millennium BC and spreading more actively in the 2nd–1st millennium BC. The latter are found in Northwestern Iran, Central Asia, Siberia, Europe, the North Caucasus, Crimea, the Northern regions of the Black Sea and in the Armenian Highlands, in several monuments of the Republic of Armenia. According to the most common scientific point of view, these anthropomorphic stelae, with their diversity, are various manifestations of a large-scale and long-lasting cultural tradition. Armenia is distinguished by the presence of a variety of materials from the 2nd–1st millennium BC, and it can be assumed that these Artsakh stelae are one of the manifestations of this diversity. These stone anthropomorphic stelae of Artsakh are one of the important components of the pre-Christian culture of the region. They are flat longitudinal slabs rectangular in cross-section, which are divided into three parts by means of two wide horizontal grooves “separating” the three parts of the body: the head, the torso and the part below the waist.","PeriodicalId":491896,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Armenian Studies","volume":"586 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140477037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Шушинский театр имени Никиты Хандамиряна (1891–1905)","authors":"Тамар Айрапетян","doi":"10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-264","url":null,"abstract":"В конце XIX и начале XX века город Шуши являлся одним из центров театральной культуры Восточной Армении. В Шуши по соседству с церковью Сурб Аменапркич (Казанчецоц) находился роскошный театр им. Хандамиряна, который своими архитектурными и техническими решениями, постановочными возможностями был исключительным явлением в культурной жизни армянского общества того времени.\u0000At the end of the XIX c. and the beginning of the XX c. Shoushi was considered one of the centers of Eastern Armenian performing arts. For the touring cast, who were well acquainted with Tiflis and Baku, the summer city of Shushi was attractive not only due to its geographical and climate peculiarities, but also its keen-on-art audience with refined taste, as well as, the gorgeous Khandamiryan Theatre which along with its architectural and Тамар Айрапетян technical solutions and performance possibilities was a unique phenomenon during those days in Armenian cultural life.","PeriodicalId":491896,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Armenian Studies","volume":"390 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Политика Азербайджана по отношению к культурному наследию Арцаха после 44-дневней войны","authors":"Айкуи Мурадян","doi":"10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58226/2579-275x-2023.10.(1)-278","url":null,"abstract":"Целью статьи является анализ основных направлений государственной политики Азербайджана по отношению к культурному наследию Арцаха. Здесь мы рассмотрим политику Азербайджана в двух ее основных направлениях. Первое направление нацелено на зарубежную/международную аудиторию для представления «мультикультурного» и «толерантного» характера своей страны․ Основные механизмы и методы, используемые властями Азербайджана для создания своего культурного имиджа во внешней политике это видимость соблюдения законов, международное сотрудничество, финансовые инвестиции, и т. д․\u0000The purpose of the article is to review the main directions of Azerbaijan's cultural policy towards the cultural heritage of Artsakh. We will consider the cultural policy of Azerbaijan in its two main directions. The first direction is aimed at the foreign/international audience to present the “multicultural” and “tolerant” nature of Azerbaijan․ We will present the main mechanisms and methods used by the Azerbaijani authorities to create their own cultural image in foreign policy (laws, cooperation, financial investments, etc).","PeriodicalId":491896,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Armenian Studies","volume":"492 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}