Journal of Communication Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of reliability and validity of the Boston diagnostic aphasia examination (BDAE-2) in a Serbian population","authors":"Mile Vuković ,&nbsp;Lana Jerkić Rajić ,&nbsp;Tanja Milovanović ,&nbsp;Natalie F. Douglas","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) has been extensively utilized in Serbia; however, data on its psychometric properties within this context are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the BDAE-2 in Serbian-speaking individuals with aphasia. The sample comprised 119 participants with stroke-induced aphasia and 51 neurologically healthy speakers. A Serbian translation of the second edition of the BDAE was administered to all participants. Findings indicated that the Serbian version of the BDAE-2 exhibited strong internal consistency, high inter-rater reliability, satisfactory construct validity, and robust discriminative capacity for differentiating individuals with aphasia from neurotypical speakers. Furthermore, specific subtests effectively distinguished between various aphasia types and demonstrated sensitivity to aphasia severity levels. Sociodemographic factors (gender, education, age) significantly influenced assessments of certain language abilities. In conclusion, the BDAE-2 was found to be a reliable diagnostic tool for assessing aphasia in Serbian speakers, showcasing favorable psychometric properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 106526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal predictors of reading ability in children with CI learning to read in Swedish","authors":"Malin Wass ,&nbsp;Lena Anmyr ,&nbsp;Björn Lyxell ,&nbsp;Eva Karltorp ,&nbsp;Elisabet Östlund ,&nbsp;Ulrika Löfkvist","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Purpose: This study investigated long-term predictors of reading development (phonological decoding, word recognition, and reading comprehension) in 24 children with cochlear implants (CIs). Method: The predictor variables were age, sex, nonverbal intelligence, working memory, paired associate learning, receptive vocabulary, phonological skills, grammatical knowledge, age at implantation, speech perception, and reported interest in reading. The children's mean age was approximately 7;8 years at the start of the study and they were then measured at three time points. The first and second assessments took place approximately 13 months apart, and the children were approximately 11;8 years of age at the third time point. Results: Decoding ability at age 11 was associated with early measures of nonverbal cognitive ability, visual-verbal paired associate learning, and grammatical knowledge when 0.05 was used as significance level but none of them remained significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Several predictor variables from earlier measurements were significantly related to reading comprehension at age 11. The predictors that remained significant after Bonferroni correction were receptive vocabulary and grammatical knowledge. Discussion: The findings from this research suggest that early exposure to hearing and language, in particular vocabulary and grammar, is associated with reading outcomes at age 11.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 106497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships between executive functions and vocabulary knowledge in Spanish-speaking children with and without developmental language disorder","authors":"Felipe Torres-Morales ,&nbsp;Gary Morgan ,&nbsp;Ricardo Rosas","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developmental language disorder (DLD) is often associated with deficits in executive functions (EFs). One common area of language difficulty in DLD is the development of vocabulary knowledge and it has been suggested that EF abilities may be linked to this difficulty. However, an explanation for this relationship remains unclear. The rationale for the current study examined the relationship between EFs and two aspects of vocabulary knowledge, receptive vocabulary size and vocabulary depth, in Spanish-speaking children with and without DLD. Vocabulary skills, the EFs of interference control, response inhibition, verbal and nonverbal working memory, and switching, were assessed in a total of 204 children aged 6–8 years: 105 with DLD and 99 with typical development (TD). Relationships were assessed using multiple regression models and path analysis, including EF as predictors, receptive vocabulary size and vocabulary depth as outcome or mediating variables, and age and non-verbal intelligence as covariates. In children with DLD, the EFs verbal working memory and switching were directly associated with receptive vocabulary size and indirectly with vocabulary depth. This indirect relationship was mediated by receptive vocabulary size. In contrast, no EFs were associated with receptive vocabulary size, and vocabulary depth in the TD group. These results suggest that verbal working memory and cognitive flexibility play a role in the cognitive mechanisms linked to vocabulary development in school children with DLD. Intervention programs aimed at improving vocabulary in this population should include EF activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 106498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vocabulary and reading skills in adults with Prader-Willi syndrome","authors":"Christelle Robert ,&nbsp;Séverine Estival ,&nbsp;Virginie Postal ,&nbsp;Virginie Laurier ,&nbsp;Fabien Mourre ,&nbsp;Julie Tricot ,&nbsp;Stéphanie Mathey","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic condition associated with global intellectual impairment. While research has evidenced speech problems, little is known about reading, which is a critical language ability involved in communication. The aim of the present study was to investigate vocabulary and reading skills in adults with PWS.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A total of 56 individuals (35 females, mean age = 33.64 years, range = 19–57 years) with PWS participated. Standardized paper and pencil tests were used to examine the level of vocabulary (LexTale-FR test) and reading performance (Alouette-R test). Two computerized tasks were also administered to assess the efficiency of lexical and phonological processes in reading (lexical and phonological decision tasks, taken from the ECCLA software). Performance was analyzed and compared with available norms on neurotypical adults and/or children.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that adults with PWS had a low level of vocabulary (i.e., three to five standard deviations difference compared to neurotypical adults), poor reading skills (i.e., equivalent to the level of nine-year-olds), and less efficient lexical and non-lexical phonological processes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The present data suggest a global impairment in vocabulary and reading skills in adults with PWS. These findings might help clinicians to better understand the language abilities of these patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 106508"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring communicative style in parents of infants with suspected neurodevelopmental disorders: Reliability test and adaptation of the RAACS instrument","authors":"Lena Lindberger ,&nbsp;Päivikki Aarne ,&nbsp;Gunilla Thunberg ,&nbsp;Anna Rensfeldt Flink","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Responsive Augmentative and Alternative Communication Style Scale, version 3 (RAACS 3) has been used when assessing communicative style in parents of children with communicative disabilities between 12 and 60 months of age and it has demonstrated validity and reliability. The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of RAACS when applied to video-recorded communication between parents and their infants (aged four to 12 months) with suspected neurodevelopmental disorders, and, if needed, adapt, and retest the instrument.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Four speech language pathologists performed a three-phase reliability procedure using twenty-six audio-video recordings of interactions between parents and infants. Inter- and intrarater agreement was calculated. In phase I the original instrument RAACS 3 was used, on twenty recordings. In phase II the instrument was adapted to better suit the target group (parents of infants aged four to 12 months) and was called RAACS 4. In phase III RAACS 4 was pilot tested on six new audio-video recordings. This phase also included two joint ratings and a consensus discussion between the raters preceding the rating procedure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The testing during phase I showed low reliability rates of RAACS 3 independent of statistical test method. The pilot testing that was done during phase III showed that the adapted version, RAACS 4, had higher reliability rates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>RAACS 3 was not reliable for assessment of communicative style in parents of infants. RAACS 4 showed promising results when assessing communicative style of parents of infants with neurodevelopmental delays. Further reliability and validity investigation is needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 106499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A year in stuttering research: A systematic review of global representation and sociodemographic reporting practices in English-language journals in 2020","authors":"Ryan A. Millager ,&nbsp;Talia Liu ,&nbsp;Dillon G. Pruett ,&nbsp;Robin M. Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Demographic data is inconsistently reported and defined in communication sciences and disorders research, yet gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) may be critical considerations for investigations of stuttering. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the global scope and sociodemographic reporting practices among stuttering research published in the year 2020.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Article searches were conducted in February 2023 in PsycINFO, PubMed, and ASHAWire for studies sampling participants with developmental stuttering or cluttering. Further inclusion criteria for systematic review were that articles must: (a) be published in the year 2020, (b) be published in a peer-reviewed journal, and (c) present original empirical research. Participant gender, ethnicity, and SES were extracted via a manualized coding scheme.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The total corpus for review included <em>k</em> = 92 articles, representing a total <em>n</em> = 7,342 participants recruited from 26 different countries. The majority of articles (<em>k</em> = 36) were based in the United States (US), with all other countries contributing between 1 and 5 articles each. Gender (or sex) was reported in 93.5% of included studies, ethnicity in 22.8%, and SES in 41.3%. Reporting practices did not significantly differ between US and non-US countries. Of note, only one article in 2020 recruited participants who clutter, with all others recruiting participants who stutter.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This is the first systematic review of diversity and reporting practices in the global stuttering research literature. Our results revealed a narrow global distribution of research participants, with limited reporting and analyses regarding participant ethnicity or SES. Consequently, we have identified opportunities to improve research participant transparency and to further consider sociocultural variables toward the advancement of global and inclusive stuttering research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 106500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143330278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing online speech and language assessment: Item development for the remote adult language experiment (ReAL-E) tool","authors":"Hope Sparks Lancaster ,&nbsp;Ryan Parks ,&nbsp;Seth Bashford ,&nbsp;Denis Fitzpatrick ,&nbsp;Alicia Buttner","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Purpose</strong>: Recent technological advancements in psychology have yielded multiple unsupervised online tools for measuring cognitive skills. However, these tools do not measure key features of communication abilities in adults, such as productive speech or oral language. To address this gap, we developed the Remote Adult Language Experiment (ReAL-E) using a three-step approach that incorporates domain identification, expert evaluation, and piloting testing.</div><div><strong>Method</strong>: Step 1 focused on domain and task identification by collaborating with experts and reviewing the literature. Step 2 included two rounds of evaluation by content and lay experts to assess the initial tool design, identify areas for refinement, and solicit feedback for desired features. Step 3 involved piloting the tool in a sample of adults recruited online.</div><div><strong>Results</strong>: The ReAL-E tool adapted three speech planning and production tasks and four oral and written language tasks into online versions. Feedback from content and lay experts led to significant improvements, including enhanced task instructions, presentation modifications, and the incorporation of features to address potential confounds. Pilot testing demonstrated that adults perform within expected ranges, and five out of seven tasks had good to excellent preliminary reliability.</div><div><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The development of the ReAL-E tool contributes to the field by offering a scalable, efficient method for assessing a broad range of communication skills in adults, paving the way for future research and clinical applications in developmental communication disorders. Our study underscores the collaborative effort and innovative approach required for creating a digital assessment tool that promises to expand research capabilities and improve diagnostic processes in the discipline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 106496"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143071322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How hidden is hidden hearing loss? Self-reported listening problems in charcot Marie tooth disease","authors":"Marco van de Ven","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Laboratory studies have revealed hidden hearing loss in patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, the most prevalent inherited neuropathy, which may impact their quality of life. The current study distinguished between CMT type 1, which involves demyelination of the peripheral nerves, and type 2, which concerns dysfunction of peripheral nerves due to axonopathy. The self-reported effects were investigated of CMT1 and CMT2 on listening problems and related social and attentional problems in everyday communicative situations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected from 42 CMT1 patients, 30 CMT2 patients, and 72 matched controls (selected from 135 control-group participants), who completed questionnaires concerning listening in everyday and noisy situations, social problems due to hearing difficulties, and problems regarding auditory sustained attention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CMT2 patients seemed to suggest only minor listening difficulties. No effects were found for social and attentional problems. In addition, CMT1 patients were found to be associated with more overall listening difficulties in everyday situations, compared to controls. CMT1 patients reported substantial listening difficulties, particularly in noisy and reverberant environments. These problems might be caused by underlying binaural hearing problems combined with reduced processing of temporal and acoustic information, as suggested in the literature. These listening difficulties were associated with social problems, such as social insecurity or even social avoidance, and problems regarding auditory sustained attention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings strongly suggest that CMT1 impacts quality of life concerning social communication. The findings presented in this study will benefit diagnosis and treatment of hearing difficulties and related problems in CMT1 patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 106487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of otitis media on speech production in children: A systematic review","authors":"Clancy Conlon ,&nbsp;Barbra Zupan ,&nbsp;Emily Pirie ,&nbsp;Charlotte Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Otitis Media (OM) is one of the most common infections in young children and can create fluctuating hearing loss. Despite the commonality of this condition, there is a lack of conclusive evidence on its impact on speech production outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to identify the impact of otitis media on speech production in children.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A systematic review of peer-reviewed publications since 2000 was conducted using five data bases (PsycINFO, Medline, CINAHL, Pubmed and SpeechBITE). Studies were included if they reported a previous or current experience of otitis media (OM), assessed and reported on the speech production of children before the age of 12 years and the child's speech productions were assessed in the English language. Titles and abstracts of 332 articles were reviewed, followed by full-text review of 58 studies. Due to variability in study procedures and outcomes, a narrative synthesis was completed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>12 studies met inclusion criteria for this review investigating 1,265 children aged between 12 months and 7 years of age. Eight studies used a prospective design, three studies used a retrospective design, and one study used a case study design. Six studies found no relationship between OM and speech production although five of these studies formed part of a larger study of 639 children. Comparatively five studies identified a link between OM history, chronicity of OM and/or elevated hearing levels and speech production. Specifically, OM was linked to the presence of backing in obstruents.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall findings were mixed likely due to the presence of multiple influencing variables such as duration, severity, medical intervention, age, hearing status and socio-economic status. Results of this review are limited as prospective studies only considered cases of OM which are treated and therefore do not represent children who have unidentified and/or untreated OM. Furthermore, many studies did not consistently report on the hearing levels of children and only two studies included cohorts of children from an Indigenous background.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 106490"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the activation of target words in adults who stutter with and without conscious intention to speak: ERP evidence","authors":"Nathan D. Maxfield","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The primary aim was to determine whether the activation of target words unfolds differently in adults who stutter (AWS) versus typically-fluent adults (TFA) preparing to name pictures. A secondary aim was to explore the influence of conscious intention to speak on this process.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>18 AWS and 18 TFA completed a picture naming task in which pictures – named at a delay – were followed by auditory probe words that were identical, or unrelated, to the target picture labels. A subset of those participants (15 AWS and 15 TFA) completed a second task in which pictures – judged conceptually at a delay – were followed by auditory probe words that directly named the pictures or were unrelated. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from probe word onset in each task. It was predicted that the N400 ERP component – an index of lexical processing – would be attenuated to Identity versus Unrelated trials. Between-groups differences in lexical activation (if any) were predicted to result in between-groups differences in the amplitude, latency and/or scalp topography of N400 priming effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>N400 priming was detected in both tasks for both Groups. In the picture naming task, the N400 priming effect had a more broadly-distributed scalp topography in TFA versus AWS. No between-groups differences were detected in the N400 priming effect in the conceptual judgment task.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A between-groups difference in the scalp topography of the N400 priming effect in the picture naming task points to a between-groups difference in intention-driven lexical access. Discussion considers how the top-down process of intention – if diminished among AWS – might impact lexical selection and speech motor control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 106486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142719705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}