Journal of Communication Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Using PAALSS for the manual analysis of language samples of individuals who use aided AAC in Spanish: A pilot study","authors":"Gloria Soto","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This pilot study describes the application of the Protocol for the Analysis of Aided Language Samples in Spanish (PAALSS), specifically designed for the manual analysis of language samples from individuals in the early stages of Spanish aided language development. Data were collected from 22 language samples from 16 individuals who use aided AAC and are at the earlier stages of Spanish language development. The primary objective of this study was to explore the feasibility of using PAALSS as an analytical tool to describe various aspects of the language samples, including lexical productivity, lexical diversity, morphology, grammatical complexity, and syntax. Results are presented according to four different groupings, based on the language samples’ grammatical complexity scores. The study provides preliminary evidence of the potential of PAALSS as a useful tool for the manual analysis of language samples from users of AAC in Spanish. However, future studies are needed to establish its formal psychometric and measurement properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 106453"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehension of Miranda warnings in adults with chronic, moderate-severe traumatic brain injury","authors":"Jade T. Mitchell ,&nbsp;Malcolm Edwards ,&nbsp;Kimberly Walsh ,&nbsp;Sarah Brown-Schmidt ,&nbsp;Melissa C. Duff","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>To compare comprehension of Miranda rights in adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) versus adults without TBI as measured by response accuracy on the Miranda Right Comprehension Instruments.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data were collected virtually via teleconferencing from July 2022 to February 2023. Participants included 25 adults with moderate-severe TBI (12 females, 13 males) and 25 adults without TBI (12 females, 13 males), ages 20-55 years. In this observational study, both groups (with and without TBI) completed the Miranda Right Comprehension Instruments (MRCI), which includes four instruments including Comprehension of Miranda Rights, Comprehension of Miranda Rights-Recognition, Function of Rights in Interrogation, Comprehension of Miranda Vocabulary instruments. Response accuracy on the MRCI was compared across groups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The TBI group was significantly less accurate when responding to questions on the MRCI compared to the NC group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Individuals with chronic moderate-severe TBI underperform their non-injured peers on the Miranda Rights Comprehension Instruments, a tool used in legal settings when there is doubt about an individual's understanding of their Miranda rights. TBI is a risk factor for disruptions in comprehension of language in legal contexts that may, in part, contribute to the increased interaction with the criminal justice system and incarceration for individuals with TBI. Implications for policy, advocating, and intervention are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 106452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021992424000480/pdfft?md5=5007918e91340b19a005e3b94bbe4e52&pid=1-s2.0-S0021992424000480-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141716501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging affects Mandarin speakers’ understanding of focus sentences in quiet and noisy environments","authors":"Xinxian Zhao,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Xiaohu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Older adults experiencing normal aging make up most patients seeking services at audiology clinics. While research acknowledges that the speech perception abilities of aging adults can be diminished in lower-level speech identification or discrimination, there is less concern about how aging affects higher-level speech understanding, particularly in tonal languages. This study aimed to explore the effects of aging on the comprehension of implied intentions conveyed through prosodic features in Mandarin focus sentences, both in quiet and noisy environments.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twenty-seven younger listeners (aged 17 to 26) and 27 older listeners (aged 58 to 77) participated in a focus comprehension task. Their task was to interpret SAVO (subject-adverbial-verb-object) sentences with five focus conditions (initial subject-focus, medial adverbial-focus, medial verb-focus, final object-focus, and neutral non-focus) across five background conditions: quiet, white noise (at 0 and −10-dB signal-to-noise ratios, SNRs), and competing speech (at 0 and −10-dB SNRs). Comprehension performances were analyzed based on accuracy rates, and underlying processing patterns were evaluated using confusion matrices.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Younger listeners consistently excelled across focus conditions in quiet settings, but their scores declined in white noise at the SNR of −10-dB. Older adults exhibited variability in scores across focus conditions but not in background conditions. They scored lower than their younger counterparts, with the highest scores observed in the comprehension of sentences featuring a medial adverbial-focus. Analysis of confusion matrices revealed that younger adults seldom mistook focus conditions, whereas older adults tended to comprehend the other focused items as medial adverbials.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Older listeners’ performance reflects their over-reliance on top-down language knowledge, while their bottom-up acoustic processing decreases when interpreting Mandarin focus sentences. These findings provide evidence of active cognitive processing in prosody comprehension among aging adults and offer insights for diagnosing and intervening with speech disorders in clinical settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 106451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141694192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using semantic verbal fluency to estimate the relative and absolute vocabulary size of bilinguals: An exploratory study of children and adolescents","authors":"Daphnée Dubé ,&nbsp;Elin Thordardottir","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The full assessment of bilingual children often involves at least one language for which formal vocabulary tests are lacking and which the examiner does not speak. We examined, in a sample of children with typical development (TD), whether a semantic verbal fluency task, typically used in research as a measure of executive function, could be used in the place of a formal vocabulary test to estimate vocabulary knowledge when formal tests are not available.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>113 TD monolingual French speakers and TD bilinguals and with varying degrees of exposure to French, age 6 to 17 years, completed tests of vocabulary knowledge and semantic verbal fluency. A subset of 64 participants spoke French and English and were tested in both languages. Verbal fluency measures calculated using a traditional method which uses specific rules for superordinate categories and for animals of different sex and age and a simplified scoring method which simply counts all words produced, included the total number of words produced in each language, Total Vocabulary and Conceptual Vocabulary measures combining both languages, as well as analyses of lexical composition and word frequency within the study sample.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Linear regressions revealed that the number of words produced predicted vocabulary size in a language-specific way, with slightly stronger predictions made by the simplified scoring method. As expected, bilinguals produced more words and more unique words in their language of greater exposure, while different exposure groups were equivalent in measures combining both languages, including their Total vocabulary and Conceptual vocabulary. Producing unusual words (infrequently produced in the study sample) indicated higher vocabulary scores.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study supports the use of the verbal fluency task as a quick and simple tool to obtain a rough estimate of vocabulary size in TD monolinguals and bilinguals. This tool shows promise as well in clinical work with other populations, subject to further verification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 106450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141691659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of speech-language pathologists in supporting theory of mind through literacy-based activities","authors":"Kristen Secora","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This tutorial discusses the importance of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) supporting individuals with language disorders in their understanding of others’ cognitive and affective states (theory of mind, ToM), with a special consideration given to applying these suggestions with individuals who are neurodivergent.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>I motivate this tutorial by first reviewing the literature related to ToM and language abilities for various populations of individuals with language difficulties, highlighting the need for explicitly targeting the language-related skills that are thought to underlie ToM for individuals with language disorders. I next present concrete examples of how to support ToM through literacy-based activities. I follow this discussion with a short description of how these activities may be applied with individuals who are neurodivergent through concrete examples, such as how inclusion of neurodivergent characters in storybooks can aid in educating children about understanding others’ perspectives. It further emphasizes the importance of discussing various types of mental and emotional states for individuals who share as well as differ in their neurotypes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Language skills are an integral part of ToM abilities. SLPs play an important role in supporting clients’ academic, literacy, and social outcomes and can support important perspective-taking skills through associated language/communication skills. The various skills that fall under the umbrella term ‘theory of mind’ can be appropriately incorporated into intervention and literacy-based tasks in a way that respects differences in neurotype while still building important language and communication skills for clients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 106449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic metaphor processing in developmental dyslexia","authors":"Rita Cersosimo ,&nbsp;Filippo Domaneschi ,&nbsp;Hamad Al-Azary","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Previous research found metaphor impairments with dyslexia; however, it is unclear if difficulties are due to initial activation of the metaphorical meaning or to subsequent discourse integration processes. The study examines the presence of early automatic processing of metaphors in adults with developmental dyslexia, considering the role of executive functions and metaphor familiarity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using a sentence recall task and a semantic judgment task from the Metaphor Interference Effect (MIE) paradigm, we evaluated two early stages of metaphor comprehension, namely the generation of the figurative meaning and the suppression of the literal meaning. High and low familiar metaphors, and their scrambled counterparts, were aurally presented to participants, who were asked to judge whether sentences were literally true or literally false. Afterwards, they were provided ten minutes to recall the sentences they heard to verify the depth of processing for each type of stimulus. A total of 26 participants with dyslexia were included in the experimental group, and 31 in the control group.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Individuals with dyslexia showed a MIE and an accuracy rate that are similar to participants without dyslexia. Inhibition correlated with the MIE size only for high familiar metaphors, and working memory seemed to play no role in the process. In the recall task, both groups demonstrated a better encoding of the metaphorical sentences compared to scrambled metaphors, but participants with dyslexia recalled less metaphors than did the control group, showing that metaphors are no exception to the limitations in sentence retrieval typically found in dyslexia.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings suggest that individuals with dyslexia are comparable to participants without dyslexia in their ability to automatically compute metaphorical meanings. Thus, difficulties in metaphor comprehension in people with dyslexia that have been detected in previous studies might depend on meaning construction in context rather than online semantic processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 106448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141545415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lexical development in Kuwaiti Arabic in typically developing children and late talkers","authors":"Fauzia Abdalla ,&nbsp;Abdessattar Mahfoudhi ,&nbsp;Saleh Shaalan ,&nbsp;Reem Almarri ,&nbsp;Maryam Aldousari ,&nbsp;Hessa Alseedeqi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>This study explored vocabulary development and lexical composition in young typically developing (TD) Kuwaiti children and late talkers (LT) using the <em>Kuwaiti Arabic Communicative Development Inventory-Words and Sentences</em> (<em>KACDI-WS) Abdalla</em> et al.<em>, 2016</em>). The sample included 161 children aged 20 to 37 months: 127 TD and 34 children who were late talkers (LT group). The late talkers were first identified based on a background questionnaire answered by the parents. All the caregivers completed a 698-item web-based <em>KACDI</em> expressive vocabulary inventory by selecting non-imitative words that their children produced.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Lexical size and composition (nouns, predicates, and closed-class words) were analyzed. Across the TD age groups (20–26, 27–31, 32–37 months), a significant age effect for vocabulary size and composition was found in favor of the older groups. Nouns were more prevalent than predicates or closed-class words in within-group comparisons. The vocabulary size of the TD (<em>M</em>= 263.8) was significantly larger than that of the LT group (<em>M</em>= 69.2). The development of their lexical composition followed a similar pattern.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results suggested that the <em>KACDI</em> parent report instrument has the potential for measuring vocabulary development in TD children and could serve as an initial screening tool to identify late talkers<del>.</del></p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 106432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141083809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The perceived guilt and innocence of adults with developmental language disorder and adults with typical language during a mock interrogation","authors":"Tammie J. Spaulding ,&nbsp;Audra Blewitt","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study examined if there were differences in the guilty and not guilty judgments of adults with developmental language disorder (DLD) and those with typical language (TL) functioning.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Twenty-four adults (12 DLD, 12 TL) were assigned to either the guilty or not guilty conditions. Those in the guilty condition engaged in a mock crime while those in the not guilty condition were informed that a crime had been committed. Peer jurors were presented with video interrogations of the DLD (6 guilty, 6 not guilty) and TL (6 guilty, 6 not guilty) participants and were asked to make categorical judgments of guilty and not guilty and to indicate confidence in their judgments.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In general, peer jurors were not accurate in their judgments of the accused, and were more likely to judge individuals with DLD as guilty relative to accused individuals with TL. Peer jurors were particularly poor at judging innocent adults with DLD as not guilty and guilty adults with TL as guilty. Despite this, peer jurors were more confident than not in their guilty and not guilty determinations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Peer jurors are confident in their judgments of the guilt of the accused when they should not be, particularly in the case of accused adults with DLD. Implications are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 106429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140948124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A meta-analysis of expressive prosody in cochlear implant users","authors":"Kara Hawthorne","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Prosody is used to express indexical (identifying the talker), linguistic (e.g., question intonation, lexical stress), pragmatic (e.g., contrastive stress, sarcasm), and emotional/affective functions. It is manifested through changes in fundamental frequency (<em>f</em>₀), intensity, and duration. <em>F</em>₀ and intensity are degraded when perceived through a cochlear implant (CI). The purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare expressive prosody in speech produced by CI users versus normal hearing peers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic search of the literature found 25 articles that met all inclusion criteria. These articles were assessed for quality, and data pertaining to the expression of <em>f</em>₀, intensity, and duration, as well as classification accuracy and appropriateness ratings from normal hearing listeners, were extracted and meta-analyzed using random effects models.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The articles included in the meta-analysis were generally of acceptable or high quality. Meta-analyses revealed significant differences between individuals with CIs vs. normal hearing on all measures except mean <em>f</em>₀, mean intensity, and rhythm. Effect sizes were generally medium to large. There was significant heterogeneity across studies, but little evidence of publication bias.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>CI users speak with less variable <em>f</em>₀, smaller <em>f</em>₀ contours, more variable intensity, a slower speech rate, and reduced final lengthening at syntactic boundaries. These acoustic differences are reflected in significantly poorer ratings of speech produced by CI users compared to their normal hearing peers, as assessed by groups of normal hearing listeners. Because atypical expressive prosody is associated with negative outcomes, clinicians should consider targeting prosody when working with individuals who use CIs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 106431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141029509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges with computing scalar and ad-hoc implicatures in Mandarin-speaking 4–8-year-old autistic children","authors":"Yi Esther Su,&nbsp;Yuhan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Mixed findings have been reported about the computation of scalar or/and ad-hoc implicatures in primarily school-age autistic verbal children and adolescents: while some studies reported their struggles with both implicatures, others observed their strengths in computing scalar implicatures. This study extends the previous investigation by testing the derivation of scalar (including both number and quantifier) and ad-hoc implicatures of a younger group of Mandarin-speaking autistic 4–8-year-olds; moreover, we assess the biological, linguistic, and cognitive factors affecting children's implicature acquisition.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The participants included 22 4–8-year-old autistic verbal children (mean age = 67.64 months) and 19 typically developing (TD) children who did not significantly differ in age, receptive vocabulary, and non-verbal IQ. Both groups completed a computer-based Truth Value Judgment task, assessing their knowledge of scalar (involving the number ‘three’ and the quantifier ‘some’) and ad-hoc implicatures. We also examined whether their implicature computation was linked to age, receptive vocabulary, non-verbal IQ, and Theory of Mind (ToM).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared with the TD controls, autistic children derived significantly fewer scalar and ad-hoc implicatures. Specifically, TD children successfully computed number and ad-hoc implicatures, contrasting to the bimodal distribution of their pragmatic vs. logical responses to quantifier implicatures. Though autistic children performed better with number implicatures slightly above the chance level, they had difficulties in computing quantifier and ad-hoc implicatures. Further, autistic children's knowledge of the number and ad-hoc implicatures was linked to their ToM skills.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings underscore the overall delayed implicature knowledge of young autistic children, and their low sensitivity to the implicatures is related to the core ToM deficits. Furthermore, our data confirm the coherent pattern of the earlier acquisition of number over quantifier implicatures and illuminate the distinct mechanisms underlying the computation of scalar vs. ad-hoc implicatures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 106427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140902007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}