Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease最新文献

{"title":"Maternal protein restriction during the lactation period disrupts the ontogenetic development of behavioral traits in male Wistar rat offspring.","authors":"Juliana de Oliveira-Silva,&nbsp;Patrícia C Lisboa,&nbsp;Bruna Lotufo-Denucci,&nbsp;Mabel Fraga,&nbsp;Egberto G de Moura,&nbsp;Fernanda C Nunes,&nbsp;Anderson Ribeiro-Carvalho,&nbsp;Cláudio C Filgueiras,&nbsp;Yael Abreu-Villaça,&nbsp;Alex C Manhães","doi":"10.1017/S2040174423000107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040174423000107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonatal undernutrition in rats results in short- and long-term behavioral and hormonal alterations in the offspring. It is not clear, however, whether these effects are present since the original insult or if they develop at some specific age later in life. Here, we assessed the ontogenetic profile of behavioral parameters associated with anxiety, exploration and memory/learning of Wistar rat offspring that were subjected to protein malnutrition during lactation. Dams and respective litters were separated into two groups: (1) protein-restricted (PR), which received a hypoproteic chow (8% protein) from birth to weaning [postnatal day (PN) 21]; (2) control (C), which received normoproteic chow. Offspring's behaviors, corticosterone, catecholamines, T3 and T4 levels were assessed at PN21 (weaning), PN45 (adolescence), PN90 (young adulthood) or PN180 (adulthood). PR offspring showed an age-independent reduction in the levels of anxiety-like behaviors in the Elevated Plus Maze and better memory performance in the Radial Arm Water Maze. PR offspring showed peak exploratory activity in the Open Field earlier in life, at PN45, than C, which showed theirs at PN90. Corticosterone was reduced in PR offspring, particularly at young adulthood, while catecholamines were increased at weaning and adulthood. The current study shows that considerable age-dependent variations in the expression of the observed behaviors and hormonal levels exist from weaning to adulthood in rats, and that protein restriction during lactation has complex variable-dependent effects on the ontogenesis of the assessed parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":49167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9840611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between maternal exposure to surgery or pregnancy exposure to fluorinated anesthetics and children's cognitive development and educational outcomes.","authors":"Melissa E Kravets,&nbsp;Mark A Klebanoff,&nbsp;Sarah A Keim","doi":"10.1017/S2040174422000472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040174422000472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A transgenerational, epigenetic effect of anesthesia, particularly fluorinated agents, has been examined in rat models, but translation to humans is unclear. This study examined associations of maternal lifetime exposure to anesthesia and pregnancy exposure to fluorinated anesthetics with child cognitive and educational outcomes. Women in the US Collaborative Perinatal Project (1959-1963) reported lifetime history of surgeries, and the obstetric record captured pregnancy exposure to anesthetics. Children were followed to age 7 for global cognitive ability and educational outcomes (<i>n</i>=47,977). Logistic and linear regressions were adjusted for maternal and child birth years, race and ethnicity, smoking, education, parity, study site. Many outcomes were not associated with exposure to maternal surgery that occurred at various life stages. However, maternal surgery in early childhood was associated both with being in a special school or not in school (adj OR=1.42; 95% CI 1.02, 1.98) and with slightly better cognitive ability across childhood (e.g., WISC IQ (adj β=0.59; CI 0.13, 1.04) (especially among boys)). Maternal surgery in puberty was associated with slightly lower IQ (adj <i>β</i> = -0.42; CI -0.79, -0.05) and poorer spelling at age 7. Children's prenatal exposure to fluorinated anesthetics was associated with slightly better spelling ability (adj <i>β</i> = 1.20; CI 0.02, 2.38) but lower performance IQ at age 7 (only among boys, adj <i>β</i> = -1.97; CI -3.88, -0.06). This study shows inconsistent evidence of effects of maternal exposure to surgery or prenatal exposure to fluorinated agents on child developmental and educational outcomes Residual confounding by indication and socioeconomic status may explain observed associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease","volume":"14 2","pages":"199-208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9223888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myocardial perfusion and function dichotomy in growth restricted preterm infants.","authors":"Arvind Sehgal,&nbsp;Beth J Allison,&nbsp;Suzanne L Miller,&nbsp;Graeme R Polglase","doi":"10.1017/S2040174422000630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040174422000630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Compared to preterm appropriate for gestational age (AGA) fetuses, fetuses with fetal growth restriction (FGR) have earlier visualisation of coronary artery blood flow (CABF) but impaired cardiac function. This dichotomy remains uncharacterised during postnatal life. This study compared CABF and cardiac function in preterm FGR infants, against AGA infants during the postnatal period. FGR was defined as birthweight < 10^th centile for gestation and sex with absent/reversed antenatal umbilical artery Doppler. Diastolic CABF was measured in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Twenty-eight FGR infants were compared with 26 AGA infants (gestation and birthweight, 29.7 ± 1.3 vs 29.9 ± 1 weeks, <i>P</i> = 0.6 and 918 ± 174 vs 1398 ± 263g, <i>P</i> < 0.001, respectively). Echocardiography was performed in the second week of life. FGR infants had higher CABF (velocity time integral, 2.4 ± 0.9 vs 1.6 ± 0.8 cm, <i>P</i> = 0.002). Diastolic function was impaired (↑ trans-mitral E/A ratio in FGR infants; 0.84 ± 0.05 vs 0.79 ± 0.03, <i>P</i> = 0.0002) while the systolic function was also affected (mean velocity of circumferential fibre shortening [mVCFc], 1.9 ± 0.3 vs 2.7 ± 0.5 circ/s, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Indexing CABF to cardiac function noted significant differences between the groups (CABF: E/A [FGR vs AGA], 2.9 ± 1.1 vs 2.1 ± 1, <i>P</i> = 0.01 and CABF: mVCFc [FGR vs AGA], 1.3 ± 0.5 vs 0.6 ± 0.3, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Diastolic blood pressure (BP) was significantly higher, and CABF to diastolic BP ratio trended higher in FGR infants (30 ± 2 vs 25 ± 3 mmHg, <i>P</i> < 0.001 and 0.08 ± 0.03 vs 0.06 ± 0.03, <i>P</i> = 0.059, respectively). Greater CABF in FGR infants did not translate into better cardiac function. This dichotomy may be a persistent response to fetal hypoxaemia (fetal programming) and/or reflection of altered cardiac architecture.</p>","PeriodicalId":49167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease","volume":"14 2","pages":"302-310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9276829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk in the neonatal population.","authors":"Alexandra Lianou,&nbsp;Dimitrios Rallis,&nbsp;Maria Baltogianni,&nbsp;Antonios Vlahos,&nbsp;Haralampos Milionis,&nbsp;Vasileios Giapros","doi":"10.1017/S2040174422000459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040174422000459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The consistently high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has urged the need for punctual and effective prevention. Extended research on this specific area has demonstrated the influence of fetal and neonatal periods on the risk of developing CVD in adulthood. Thus, the role of traditional and novel biological markers to the effective screening of CVD among the neonatal population is widely investigated. The objective of the present narrative review is to examine those neonatal biomarkers that may play a role in the development of CVD, to exhibit scientific data that appertain to their association with various perinatal conditions leading to CVD predisposition, and their potential role on prediction and prevention strategies. Multiple biomarkers, traditional and novel, have been mined across the studied literature. Adiposity, insulin resistance, altered lipid profile, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction seem among the headliners of CVD. Even though various novel molecules have been studied, their clinical utility remains controversial. Therefore, it is quite important for the scientific community to find elements with strong predictive value and practical clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":49167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease","volume":"14 2","pages":"155-165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9575665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of early-life voluntary exercise and fructose on adult activity levels, body composition, aerobic capacity, and organ masses in mice bred for high voluntary wheel-running behavior.","authors":"Marcell D Cadney,&nbsp;Ralph L Albuquerque,&nbsp;Nicole E Schwartz,&nbsp;Monica P McNamara,&nbsp;Alberto A Castro,&nbsp;Margaret P Schmill,&nbsp;David A Hillis,&nbsp;Theodore Garland","doi":"10.1017/S204017442200054X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S204017442200054X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fructose (C₆H₁₂O₆) is acutely obesogenic and is a risk factor for hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the possible long-lasting effects of early-life fructose consumption have not been studied. We tested for effects of early-life fructose and/or wheel access (voluntary exercise) in a line of selectively bred High Runner (HR) mice and a non-selected Control (C) line. Exposures began at weaning and continued for 3 weeks to sexual maturity, followed by a 23-week \"washout\" period (equivalent to ∼17 human years). Fructose increased total caloric intake, body mass, and body fat during juvenile exposure, but had no effect on juvenile wheel running and no important lasting effects on adult physical activity or body weight/composition. Interestingly, adult maximal aerobic capacity (VO₂max) was reduced in mice that had early-life fructose and wheel access. Consistent with previous studies, early-life exercise promoted adult wheel running. In a 3-way interaction, C mice that had early-life fructose and no wheel access gained body mass in response to 2 weeks of adult wheel access, while all other groups lost mass. Overall, we found some long-lasting positive effects of early-life exercise, but minimal effects of early-life fructose, regardless of the mouse line.</p>","PeriodicalId":49167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease","volume":"14 2","pages":"249-260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9228446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermoneutrality effects on developmental programming of obesity.","authors":"Mina Desai,&nbsp;Adrianna S Torsoni,&nbsp;Marcio A Torsoni,&nbsp;Agnlia Eisaghalian,&nbsp;Monica G Ferrini,&nbsp;Michael G Ross","doi":"10.1017/S2040174422000502","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S2040174422000502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developmental programming studies using mouse models have housed the animals at human thermoneutral temperatures (22°C) which imposes constant cold stress. As this impacts energy homeostasis, we investigated the effects of two housing temperatures (22°C and 30°C) on obesity development in male and female offspring of Control and FR dams. Pregnant mice were housed at 22°C (cold-exposed, CE) or 30°C (thermoneutrality, TN) room temperature. At gestational age e10, mice were fed either an ad libitum diet (Control) or were 30% food-restricted (FR) to produce low birth weight newborns. Following delivery, all dams were fed an ad libitum diet and maternal mice continued to nurse their own pups. At 3 weeks of age, offspring were weaned to an ad libitum diet and housed at similar temperatures as their mothers. Body weights and food intake were monitored. At 6 months of age, body composition and glucose tolerance test were determined, after which, brain and adipose tissue were collected for analysis. FR/CE and FR/TN offspring exhibited hyperphagia and were significantly heavier with increased adiposity as compared to their respective Controls. There was sex-specific effects of temperature in both groups. Male offspring at TN were heavier with increased body fat, though the food intake was decreased as compared to CE males. This was reflected by hypertrophic adipocytes and increased arcuate nucleus satiety/appetite ratio. In contrast, female offspring were not impacted by housing temperature. Thus, unlike female offspring, there was a significant interaction of diet and temperature evident in the male offspring with accentuated adverse effects evident in FR/TN males.</p>","PeriodicalId":49167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease","volume":"14 2","pages":"223-230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9998331/pdf/nihms-1831552.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9228434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When a birth cohort grows up: challenges and opportunities in longitudinal developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) research.","authors":"Emily Oken, Theresa M Bastain, Nicole Bornkamp, Carrie V Breton, Rebecca C Fry, Diane R Gold, Marie-France Hivert, Steve Howland, Daniel J Jackson, Christine C Johnson, Kyra Jones, MollyAn Killingbeck, T Michael O'Shea, Marleny Ortega, Dennis Ownby, Frederica Perera, Julie V Rollins, Julie B Herbstman","doi":"10.1017/S2040174422000629","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S2040174422000629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-quality evidence from prospective longitudinal studies in humans is essential to testing hypotheses related to the developmental origins of health and disease. In this paper, the authors draw upon their own experiences leading birth cohorts with longitudinal follow-up into adulthood to describe specific challenges and lessons learned. Challenges are substantial and grow over time. Long-term funding is essential for study operations and critical to retaining study staff, who develop relationships with participants and hold important institutional knowledge and technical skill sets. To maintain contact, we recommend that cohorts apply multiple strategies for tracking and obtain as much high-quality contact information as possible before the child's 18^th birthday. To maximize engagement, we suggest that cohorts offer flexibility in visit timing, length, location, frequency, and type. Data collection may entail multiple modalities, even at a single collection timepoint, including measures that are self-reported, research-measured, and administrative with a mix of remote and in-person collection. Many topics highly relevant for adolescent and young adult health and well-being are considered to be private in nature, and their assessment requires sensitivity. To motivate ongoing participation, cohorts must work to understand participant barriers and motivators, share scientific findings, and provide appropriate compensation for participation. It is essential for cohorts to strive for broad representation including individuals from higher risk populations, not only among the participants but also the staff. Successful longitudinal follow-up of a study population ultimately requires flexibility, adaptability, appropriate incentives, and opportunities for feedback from participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":49167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease","volume":"14 2","pages":"175-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9998333/pdf/nihms-1847641.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9276827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-fat diet during pregnancy lowers fetal weight and has a long-lasting adverse effect on brown adipose tissue in the offspring.","authors":"Mihoko Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Jun Mori,&nbsp;Nozomi Nishida,&nbsp;Satoshi Miyagaki,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Kawabe,&nbsp;Takeshi Ota,&nbsp;Hidechika Morimoto,&nbsp;Yusuke Tsuma,&nbsp;Shota Fukuhara,&nbsp;Takehiro Ogata,&nbsp;Takuro Okamaura,&nbsp;Naoko Nakanishi,&nbsp;Masahide Hamaguchi,&nbsp;Hisakazu Nakajima,&nbsp;Michiaki Fukui,&nbsp;Tomoko Iehara","doi":"10.1017/S2040174422000551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040174422000551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maternal obesity and malnutrition during gestation and lactation have been recognized to increase the risk of obesity and metabolic disorders in the offspring across their lifespan. However, the gestational period during which malnutrition exerts a decisive effect is unclear. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a critical role in energy metabolism owing to its high efficiency in oxidizing glucose and fatty acids. This study aimed to determine the impact of maternal high-fat diet (HFD) consumption only during pregnancy on BAT and energy metabolism in offspring mice. Dams were fed an HFD or a normal chow diet from embryonic day 2.5. HFD consumption during pregnancy induced glucose intolerance and hypertension in dams. In the offspring of HFD-fed dams, maternal HFD lowered fetal weight without affecting placental weight, whereas HFD consumption after birth exacerbated oxygen consumption and cold-induced thermogenesis at 12 months of age, accompanied by increased lipid droplet size in BAT. These data demonstrate that HFD consumption only during pregnancy exerts a long-lasting effect on BAT. Collectively, these findings indicate the importance of nutrition during pregnancy with respect to the energy metabolism of the offspring, and pregnant women should thus ensure proper nutrition during pregnancy to ensure normal energy metabolism in the offspring.</p>","PeriodicalId":49167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease","volume":"14 2","pages":"261-271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9228442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of H19, Mest, Meg3, and Peg3 genes affecting growth and metabolism in umbilical cord blood cells of infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes and healthy mothers in Rafsanjan City, Iran.","authors":"Fatemeh Rahimi Mehdi Abad,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Hajizadeh,&nbsp;Mehdi Mahmoodi,&nbsp;Zahra Jalali,&nbsp;Fatemeh Nazem Kazeruni,&nbsp;Jennifer Swann,&nbsp;Reza Hosseiniara,&nbsp;Mojgan Noroozi Karimabad","doi":"10.1017/S2040174422000393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040174422000393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperglycemia during the first trimester leads to an increased risk of innate malformations as well as death at times close to delivery dates. The methylated genes include those from paternal H19 and PEG3 and those from maternal MEST and MEG3 that are necessary for the growth and regulation of the human fetus and its placenta. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the expression of these genes in the cord blood of healthy infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and healthy mothers.This case-control study was conducted on the cord blood of 40 infants born to mothers with GDM and 35 infants born to healthy mothers. Mothers were identified by measuring oral glucose tolerance in the 24th-26th week of pregnancy. Cord blood was obtained post-delivery, and cord blood mononuclear cells were immediately extracted, using Ficoll solution. Then, RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed, and gene expression of MEG3, PEG3, H19, and MEST was assessed through quantitative real-time PCR.Findings show that the expression levels of MEG3, PEG3, H19, and MEST genes were significantly decreased in mononuclear cord blood cells of infants born to mothers with GDM when compared to those of the healthy control group.These findings reveal that the reduction of imprinted genes in mothers with GDM is most likely due to changes in their methylation by an epigenetic process. Considering the importance of GDM due to its high prevalence and its side effects both for mother and fetus, recognizing their exact mechanisms is of high importance. This has to be studied more widely.</p>","PeriodicalId":49167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease","volume":"14 2","pages":"182-189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9215365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malathion exposure during juvenile and peripubertal periods downregulate androgen receptor and 17-ß-HSD testicular gene expression and compromised sperm quality in rats.","authors":"Rafaela Pires Erthal,&nbsp;Gláucia Eloisa Munhoz de Lion Siervo,&nbsp;Giovanna Fachetti Frigoli,&nbsp;Tiago Henrique Zaninelli,&nbsp;Waldiceu Aparecido Verri,&nbsp;Glaura Scantamburlo Alves Fernandes","doi":"10.1017/S2040174422000599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040174422000599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malathion is an insecticide that is used to control arboviruses and agricultural pests. Adolescents that are exposed to this insecticide are the most vulnerable as they are in the critical period of postnatal sexual development. This study aimed to evaluate whether malathion damage can affect sperm function and its respective mechanisms when adolescents are exposed during postnatal sexual development. Twenty-four male Wistar rats (PND 25) were divided into three experimental groups and treated daily for 40 d: control group (saline 0.9%), 10 mg/kg (M10 group), or 50 mg/kg (M50 group) of malathion. At PND 65, the rats were anesthetized and euthanized. Testicles were collected for the evaluation of gene expression. Sperm cells from the epididymis were used for evaluation of the oxidative profile or spermatic function. Data showed that a lower dose of malathion downregulated the gene expression of androgen receptors and testosterone converter enzyme 17-β-HSD in the testis. The acrosomal integrity of sperm cells was compromised in the M50 group, but not the M10 group. The mitochondrial activity was not impaired by exposure. Finally, although no alterations in malondialdehyde and glutathione levels were observed, malathion, at both doses, increased antioxidant enzyme catalase activity and, at a higher dose, superoxide dismutase activity. The present study showed that low doses of malathion considered to be inoffensive are capable of impairing sperm quality and function through the downregulation of testicular genic expression of AR enzyme 17-β-HSD and can damage the spermatic antioxidant profile during critical periods of development.</p>","PeriodicalId":49167,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease","volume":"14 2","pages":"286-293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9228458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}