Laine Roczniak, Mylène Jutras, Caroline Lévesque, Carole Fortin
{"title":"Reliability of the Test of Gross Motor Development Third Edition Among Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder.","authors":"Laine Roczniak, Mylène Jutras, Caroline Lévesque, Carole Fortin","doi":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2378050","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2378050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The Test of Gross Motor Development Third Edition (TGMD-3) is used to assess the development of fundamental movement skills in children from 3 to 10 years old. This study aimed to evaluate the intra-rater, inter-rater, and test-retest reliability and to determine the minimal detectable change (MDC) value of the TGMD-3 in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The TGMD-3 was administered to 20 children with DCD. The child's fundamental movement skills were recorded using a digital video camera. Reliability was assessed at two occasions by three raters using the generalizability theory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TGMD-3 demonstrates good inter-rater reliability for the locomotor skills subscale, the ball skills subscale, and the total score (φ = 0.77 - 0.91), while the intra-rater reliability was even higher (φ = 0.94 - 0.97). Test-retest reliability was also shown to be good (φ = 0.79-0.93). The MDC<sub>95</sub> was determined to be 10 points.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides evidence that the TGMD-3 is a reliable test when used to evaluate fundamental movement skills in children with DCD and suggests that an increase of 10 points represents a significant change in the motor function of a child with DCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":49138,"journal":{"name":"Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"41-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jane E Hamer, Fiona Graham, Annemarei Ranta, Rachelle A Martin
{"title":"Caregivers' Experiences of Sleep Systems for Children with Complex Neurodisability: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Jane E Hamer, Fiona Graham, Annemarei Ranta, Rachelle A Martin","doi":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2419642","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2419642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To understand caregivers' experiences of implementing sleep systems for children with complex neurodisability. This knowledge would help develop and refine the evidence base to inform clinical practice to improve care and support increased engagement and adherence to this approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine caregivers (7 mothers, 2 fathers) of eight children aged 4-17 years (mean age 7.7 years) with complex neurodisability. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Interpretive Description methodology and inductive analysis based on Morse's four-step framework were employed to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three themes were developed: (1) It's a complex night; (2) This is what I know, incorporating subthemes \"What I know about my child\" and \"What I know about sleep systems\"; and (3) Support me to support my child. Sleep system interventions that account for nighttime health complexity and address caregivers' priorities of sleep and comfort for their child were perceived as more sustainable and successful by caregivers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Embedding principles of family-centered care in sleep system assessment, prioritizing caregivers' goals of sleep and comfort, and fostering hope and trust through the co-production of postural care solutions are critical components of care. A shift in focus from \"future prevention\" of deformity to \"protection and comfort\" may advance the quality of care and uptake of sleep systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":49138,"journal":{"name":"Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"401-422"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Knowledge Translation Interventions to Increase the Uptake of Evidence-Based Practice Among Pediatric Rehabilitation Professionals: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Raquel Lazarowitz, Doaa Taqi, Cassandra Lee, Jill Boruff, Kimberly McBain, Annette Majnemer, André Bussières, Noémi Dahan-Oliel","doi":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2421854","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2421854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To summarize evidence on effective knowledge translation (KT) interventions to increase evidence-based practice among pediatric rehabilitation professionals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PRISMA 2020 Checklist was used for search, selection, and data extraction. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool assessed quality, while the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care described KT interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our search yielded 7233 records; 29 met the inclusion criteria. Two studies used educational materials alone. The remaining 27 studies used multifaceted KT interventions, combining education with local opinion leaders or knowledge brokers (<i>n</i> = 12), continuous quality improvement (<i>n</i> = 11), reminders (<i>n</i> = 6), communities of practice (<i>n</i> = 6), provider performance monitoring (<i>n</i> = 5), audit and feedback (<i>n</i> = 2), information and communication technology (<i>n</i> = 2), clinical practice guideline (<i>n</i> = 1), or routine patient-reported outcome measures (<i>n</i> = 1). Significant improvements in knowledge (<i>n</i> = 10), skills (<i>n</i> = 6), adherence and use (<i>n</i> = 4), perceptions (<i>n</i> = 3), intentions of use (<i>n</i> = 2), confidence level (<i>n</i> = 1), beliefs and attitudes (<i>n</i> = 3), and professional behavior change (<i>n</i> = 2) were reported. Included studies had a moderate to high-risk bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Educational and local opinion leaders were common in multifaceted KT interventions, the majority resulting in improved professional knowledge, skills, attitudes and beliefs, and behaviors. Rigorous study designs are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":49138,"journal":{"name":"Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"119-152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jorine Schoenmaker, Han Houdijk, Bert Steenbergen, Heleen A Reinders-Messelink, Marina M Schoemaker
{"title":"OPTIMAL Motor Teaching Strategies Employed in Physiotherapy for Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: An Observational Study.","authors":"Jorine Schoenmaker, Han Houdijk, Bert Steenbergen, Heleen A Reinders-Messelink, Marina M Schoemaker","doi":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2404466","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2404466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To describe the teaching strategies that physiotherapists currently employ in individual therapy sessions for children with DCD using the OPTIMAL theory for motor learning as a framework, focused on (1) autonomy (supporting autonomy vs. therapist-controlled), (2) expectancies (enhancing vs. lowering expectancies), and (3) attention (promoting an internal vs. an external focus of attention).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen physiotherapy sessions were videotaped and analyzed with Noldus The Observer XT using the OPTIMAL Strategies Observational Tool (OSOT). Relative duration (% of session time) and frequency were extracted for teaching strategies related to autonomy, expectancies, and attention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Physiotherapists mostly applied strategies to support autonomy and enhance expectancies in contrast to therapist-controlled strategies, and lowering expectancies. Strategies to promote either an internal or an external focus of attention were used to a similar extent. Furthermore, strategies were frequently combined; physiotherapists often employed more than one teaching strategy at a time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The insight into current physiotherapy teaching practice that this study provides can help inform research and application regarding effective motor teaching for children with DCD. Follow up studies are needed to further investigate how child and task characteristics influence teaching strategy employment and to examine physiotherapists' reasoning behind their choice of strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49138,"journal":{"name":"Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"153-168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kim Hébert-Losier, Yash Pandit, Oliver W A Wilson, Jenny Clarke
{"title":"Looking Beyond the Number of Repetitions: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study on Calf Raise Test Outcomes in Children Aged 10-17 Years.","authors":"Kim Hébert-Losier, Yash Pandit, Oliver W A Wilson, Jenny Clarke","doi":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2404463","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2404463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The calf raise test (CRT) assesses plantarflexor strength and endurance, but normative data for children are scarce. Furthermore, contradictions exist on which factors are associated with total repetitions, with repetitions being the only metric considered. We quantified three of the main CRT outcomes (repetitions, total work, and peak height) in children 10-17 years and explored their relationship with various factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy children (<i>n</i> = 165, 50.3% female) completed single-legged calf raises on a 10° incline, once on each leg. Test outcomes were extracted using the valid and reliable Calf Raise application.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CRT outcomes were not significantly different between legs (<i>p</i> ≥ .19). The only covariates significantly associated with outcomes based on stepwise quantile regressions were body mass index centile for repetitions, meeting physical activity recommendations for total work and peak height, and age for total work. Outcomes did not significantly differ based on sex or maturation. Median values were around 26 for repetitions, 640-1460 J for total work (age dependent), and 10.1 cm for peak height for children meeting physical activity recommendations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children who were older, had lower body mass indices, and were more active exhibited superior CRT outcomes. Meeting physical activity recommendations appears beneficial for plantarflexor function and should continue to be prioritized in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":49138,"journal":{"name":"Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"240-255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heather Curtin, Ciaran K Simms, Damien Kiernan, Richard B Reilly, Michelle Spirtos
{"title":"The Effect of Mobility Assistance Dogs on Quality of Life in Children with Physical and Neurological Impairments.","authors":"Heather Curtin, Ciaran K Simms, Damien Kiernan, Richard B Reilly, Michelle Spirtos","doi":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2400344","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2400344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To measure the quality of life in children with impaired walking who receive a mobility assistance dog (MAD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The parents of ten children who received a MAD completed the cerebral palsy quality of life questionnaire, before receiving their dog and at one, three, and six-month follow-up. Data were analyzed to assess changes for each participant and to the group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The group showed a positive change in the domains of social well-being and acceptance, feelings about functioning, and emotional well-being and self-esteem after six months. Children with less impairment (GMFCS I-II) showed a change in social-wellbeing and acceptance, feelings about functioning, participation, physical health, and emotional-wellbeing and self-esteem after six months. Children with more impairment (GMFCS III-IV) showed no change at any timepoint measured.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This novel therapeutic area of receiving a MAD demonstrated some positive quality of life changes after six months for a small group of children with impaired walking. These are preliminary findings in a small sample and this intervention would benefit from further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":49138,"journal":{"name":"Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"102-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lorena Costa Ferreira, Egmar Longo, Alexandre Varella Giannetti, Yanca Luiza Sabarense Rezende, Eduarda de Assis Oliveira, Tuane Fernandes Silva, Robert J Palisano, Hércules Ribeiro Leite, Ana Cristina Resende Camargos
{"title":"Factors Associated with Participation Patterns of Young Brazilian Children with Myelomeningocele.","authors":"Lorena Costa Ferreira, Egmar Longo, Alexandre Varella Giannetti, Yanca Luiza Sabarense Rezende, Eduarda de Assis Oliveira, Tuane Fernandes Silva, Robert J Palisano, Hércules Ribeiro Leite, Ana Cristina Resende Camargos","doi":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2447025","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2447025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To describe participation patterns and identify factors associated with participation of young Brazilian children with myelomeningocele (MMC) in their home, daycare/preschool, and community settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The participants were parents/caregivers of 70 children with MMC, averaging 26.7 (±17.3) months in age. Participation was measured by the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) completed by interview. Simple and stepwise multiple linear egression models were used to examine factors associated with participation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average children participated in home activities a few times a week, community activities once a month to a few times in the last month, and daycare or preschool activities once to a few times in the past four months. Age was associated with participation frequency (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.32; <i>p</i> < .0001) and number of activities (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.27; <i>p</i> < .02) in daycare/preschool and in the number of activities in the community (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.30; <i>p</i> < .0001). Number of environmental facilitators was associated with the desire for change in participation in daycare/preschool (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.21; <i>p</i> < .04). Mobility performance was associated with children's level of involvement (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.10; <i>p</i> = .006) and caregivers' desire for change in community participation (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.11; <i>p</i> = .006).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Knowledge of participation and factors that influence participation can help in designing interventions to improve participation opportunities for young children with MMC.</p>","PeriodicalId":49138,"journal":{"name":"Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"358-374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelsey Philpott-Robinson, Dianne Blackwell, Casey Regan, Carl Leonard, Kirsti Haracz, Alison E Lane, Kylie Wales
{"title":"Conflicting Definitions of Self-Regulation in Occupational Therapy: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Kelsey Philpott-Robinson, Dianne Blackwell, Casey Regan, Carl Leonard, Kirsti Haracz, Alison E Lane, Kylie Wales","doi":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2434468","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2434468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To understand how occupational therapy literature conceptualizes, discusses, describes, implies, and operationalizes self-regulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and JBI methodology guided the review. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsychInfo and ERIC databases were searched with studies from 2000 - June 2023 deemed eligible. Two reviewers extracted data with results presented in figurative, tabular, and narrative synthesis. Critical appraisal was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for systematic reviews. Content analysis of construct descriptions was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total 4159 articles were screened for eligibility, and eighty-one assessed at full text. Nine additional studies were retrieved through hand-searching. Sixty-four studies were included and underwent critical appraisal. Content analysis revealed five self-regulation constructs and associated terms in the occupational therapy literature, including self-regulation, executive function, emotion regulation, interoception and social-emotional learning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Five distinct self-regulation constructs were analyzed in the occupational therapy literature, with various terms used to describe and define these. Self-regulation and executive function were often described as linked constructs. Similarly, lack of congruence between self-regulation measures, identified interventions and the underlying self-regulation construct was identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":49138,"journal":{"name":"Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"318-357"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142781630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beatriz Helena Brugnaro, Raissa Wanderley Ferraz de Abreu, Bruna Nayara Verdério, Camila Resende Gâmbaro Lima, Olaf Kraus de Camargo, Rachel Teplicky, Mariana Martins Dos Santos, Mary A Khetani, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira Rocha
{"title":"Home Participation of Infants With and Without Biological Risk in the First Year of Life: A Cross-Sectional and Comparative Study.","authors":"Beatriz Helena Brugnaro, Raissa Wanderley Ferraz de Abreu, Bruna Nayara Verdério, Camila Resende Gâmbaro Lima, Olaf Kraus de Camargo, Rachel Teplicky, Mariana Martins Dos Santos, Mary A Khetani, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira Rocha","doi":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2419643","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2419643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare caregiver-reported current and desired home participation of infants with and without biological risk in the first year of life.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Observational, cross-sectional and comparative study. Caregivers of 48 infants with (mean corrected age = 5.6(±2.3) months) and 32 without (mean corrected age = 5.8(±1.9) months) biological risk completed the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure home section. Caregivers reported on their infant's current participation (frequency and involvement) in 13 activities within the domains of basic care routines, household chores, interactive and organized play, and socializing with friends and family, as well as their desire for change(s) in their infant's home participation. We compared groups using comparative tests (Bonferroni's correction for multiple comparisons; <i>p</i> < 0.0125).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Infants with biological risk participated less frequently in the domain household chores (<i>U</i> = 383.000; <i>p</i> < 0.001); and were less involved in the domain household chores (<i>U</i> = 407.000; <i>p</i> < 0.001). No significant group differences were found in desire for change.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results suggest that home participation restriction can be identified for infants with biological risk in one out of four domains, which may allow health professionals to develop strategies to intervene early in the participation of children at risk in this specific area of household chores.</p>","PeriodicalId":49138,"journal":{"name":"Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"185-200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esra Kınacı-Biber, Bilge N Yardımcı-Lokmanoğlu, Akmer Mutlu
{"title":"Early Motor Repertoire and Developmental Functioning at Later Age of Children Who Were Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Esra Kınacı-Biber, Bilge N Yardımcı-Lokmanoğlu, Akmer Mutlu","doi":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2447020","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01942638.2024.2447020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may exhibit early motor delay, and long-term motor impairments in addition to social and communicative problems. This pilot study aimed to describe (i) the early motor repertoire using General Movements Assessment (GMA) of infants later diagnosed with ASD, (ii) the developmental outcomes in these children between 24- and 42-months, and (iii) the relationship between GMA and developmental outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten children diagnosed with ASD were included. All infants were assessed using Motor Optimality Score for 3- to 5-month-old Infants-Revised score sheet for GMA, and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III) for developmental functioning aged between 24- and 42-months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median Motor Optimality Score-Revised (MOS-R) was 10 (range: 6-28), considered reduced optimal, and 80% of children had less than optimal MOS-R. 60% of the children had aberrant fidgety movements and abnormal postural patterns, and 80% had abnormal but not cramped-synchronized movement character. The mean composite scores of all subdomains in Bayley-III were below 69 (extremely low) in all children.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlighted the importance of early motor repertoire and longitudinal developmental assessments in children with ASD. Further research is needed to explore the potential of this assessment as a screening tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":49138,"journal":{"name":"Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"287-301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}