Tropical Conservation Science最新文献_第10页

Species-Area Relationships Induced by Forest Habitat Fragmentation Apply Even to Rarely Detected Organisms 森林生境破碎化诱导的物种-面积关系甚至适用于很少被发现的生物

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Tropical Conservation Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/19400829211017366

A. Palmeirim, R. Fraga, M. Vieira, C. Peres

{"title":"Species-Area Relationships Induced by Forest Habitat Fragmentation Apply Even to Rarely Detected Organisms","authors":"A. Palmeirim, R. Fraga, M. Vieira, C. Peres","doi":"10.1177/19400829211017366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19400829211017366","url":null,"abstract":"Neotropical snakes have extremely low detection rates, hampering our understanding of their responses to habitat loss and fragmentation. We addressed this gap using a limited sample (50 individuals, 16 species) across 25 variable-size insular forest fragments within a hydroelectric lake and four adjacent mainland continuous forest sites, in Central Brazilian Amazonia. The number of species recorded on forest islands (1.55 ± 0.78) was much lower than that at continuous forest sites (5.0 ± 3.1), with no snakes being recorded at twelve islands smaller than 30 ha. As such, snake assemblages were positively affected by forest area, explaining 48% of the number of species, and negatively affected by island isolation. The markedly higher number of species recorded across continuous forest sites likely results from the availability of riparian habitats, which have virtually disappeared from the archipelagic landscape given the widespread inundation of lowland areas. To prevent further severe biodiversity loss, including those of poorly known rare taxa, conservation policies should avert the additional construction of mega-dams that create myriad of small islands, in addition to extensive reservoir lakes from which all riparian habitats are eliminated.","PeriodicalId":49118,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Conservation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/19400829211017366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48899959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tree Species Diversity, Composition and Aboveground Biomass Across Dry Forest Land-Cover Types in Coastal Ecuador 厄瓜多尔沿海干旱林地覆盖类型的树种多样性、组成和地上生物量

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Tropical Conservation Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1940082921995415

Xavier Haro-Carrión, B. Loiselle, F. Putz

{"title":"Tree Species Diversity, Composition and Aboveground Biomass Across Dry Forest Land-Cover Types in Coastal Ecuador","authors":"Xavier Haro-Carrión, B. Loiselle, F. Putz","doi":"10.1177/1940082921995415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1940082921995415","url":null,"abstract":"Tropical dry forests (TDF) are highly threatened ecosystems that are often fragmented due to land-cover change. Using plot inventories, we analyzed tree species diversity, community composition and aboveground biomass patterns across mature (MF) and secondary forests of about 25 years since cattle ranching ceased (SF), 10–20-year-old plantations (PL), and pastures in a TDF landscape in Ecuador. Tree diversity was highest in MF followed by SF, pastures and PL, but many endemic and endangered species occurred in both MF and SF, which demonstrates the importance of SF for species conservation. Stem density was higher in PL, followed by SF, MF and pastures. Community composition differed between MF and SF due to the presence of different specialist species. Some SF specialists also occurred in pastures, and all species found in pastures were also recorded in SF indicating a resemblance between these two land-cover types even after 25 years of succession. Aboveground biomass was highest in MF, but SF and Tectona grandis PL exhibited similar numbers followed by Schizolobium parahyba PL, Ochroma pyramidale PL and pastures. These findings indicate that although species-poor, some PL equal or surpass SF in aboveground biomass, which highlights the critical importance of incorporating biodiversity, among other ecosystem services, to carbon sequestration initiatives. This research contributes to understanding biodiversity conservation across a mosaic of land-cover types in a TDF landscape.","PeriodicalId":49118,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Conservation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1940082921995415","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41277795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Diversity and Conservation of Cave-Roosting Bats in Central Ghana 加纳中部穴居蝙蝠的多样性和保护

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Tropical Conservation Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/19400829211034671

E. E. Nkrumah, Heather J. Baldwin, Ebenezer K. Badu, Priscilla Anti, Peter Vallo, S. Klose, E. Kalko, S. Oppong, M. Tschapka

{"title":"Diversity and Conservation of Cave-Roosting Bats in Central Ghana","authors":"E. E. Nkrumah, Heather J. Baldwin, Ebenezer K. Badu, Priscilla Anti, Peter Vallo, S. Klose, E. Kalko, S. Oppong, M. Tschapka","doi":"10.1177/19400829211034671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19400829211034671","url":null,"abstract":"Background Ghana is one of the six bat diversity hotspots on the African continent, yet its caves have not been fully explored for the bats they host. Research Aims We aimed to assess the species composition and diversity of five caves in central Ghana and identified those needing immediate conservation attention. Methods Using mist-nets, we captured bats over 102 full nights between October 2010 and July 2012 from the Upper Guinean forest and Savannah regions in central Ghana. Results A total of 10,226 bats belonging to nine species were recorded. PERMANOVA suggested significant variation in species composition among the caves. A SIMPER analysis revealed Coleura afra and Hipposideros jonesi to be the main discriminating species between caves, with a dominance of Hipposideros cf. ruber in all caves. The Bat Cave Vulnerability Index (BCVI) revealed Mframabuom cave from the Upper Guinean forest region as a high priority cave hosting threatened species, yet highly disturbed. The remaining caves were identified as medium priority caves. Conclusion The results of the study suggest the need for further research and an immediate conservation strategy as essential for approaching national conservation goals.","PeriodicalId":49118,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Conservation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/19400829211034671","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43262553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Passive Acoustic Monitoring of Chaco Chachalaca (Ortalis canicollis) Over a Year: Vocal Activity Pattern and Monitoring Recommendations 一年多来对犬斜颈的被动声学监测：声乐活动模式和监测建议

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Tropical Conservation Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/19400829211058295

C. Pérez‐Granados, K. Schuchmann

{"title":"Passive Acoustic Monitoring of Chaco Chachalaca (Ortalis canicollis) Over a Year: Vocal Activity Pattern and Monitoring Recommendations","authors":"C. Pérez‐Granados, K. Schuchmann","doi":"10.1177/19400829211058295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19400829211058295","url":null,"abstract":"Chaco Chachalaca (Ortalis canicollis) is a declining Neotropical bird, for which our current knowledge about its natural history is very limited. Here, we evaluated for first time the utility of passive acoustic monitoring, coupled with automated signal recognition software, to monitor the Chaco Chachalaca, described the vocal behavior of the species across the diel and seasonal cycle patterns, and proposed an acoustic monitoring protocol to minimize error in the estimation of the vocal activity rate. We recorded over a complete annual cycle at three sites in the Brazilian Pantanal. The species was detected on 99% of the monitoring days, proving that this technique is a reliable method for detecting the presence of the species. Chaco Chachalaca was vocally active throughout the day and night, but its diel activity pattern peaked between 0500 and 0900. The breeding season of Chaco Chachalaca in the Brazilian Pantanal, based on seasonal changes in vocal activity, seems to occur during the last months of the dry season, with a peak in vocal activity between August and October. Our results could guide future surveys aiming to detect the presence of the species, both using traditional or acoustic surveys, or to evaluate changes in population abundance using passive acoustic monitoring, for which recorders should be left in the field for a minimum period of nine days to obtain a low-error estimate of the vocal activity of the species. Our results suggest that passive acoustic monitoring might be useful, as a complementary tool to field studies, for monitoring other cracids, a family with several threatened species that are reluctant to human presence.","PeriodicalId":49118,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Conservation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41281646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Unexpected Diversity in Regenerating Sites Stresses the Importance of Baselines: A Case Study With Bats (Order Chiroptera) on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica 再生地点的意外多样性强调基线的重要性:以哥斯达黎加奥萨半岛的蝙蝠(翼目)为例

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Tropical Conservation Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/19400829211028118

Elène Haave‐Audet, D. Audet, Michelle Monge-Velázquez, Eleanor Flatt, A. Whitworth

{"title":"Unexpected Diversity in Regenerating Sites Stresses the Importance of Baselines: A Case Study With Bats (Order Chiroptera) on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica","authors":"Elène Haave‐Audet, D. Audet, Michelle Monge-Velázquez, Eleanor Flatt, A. Whitworth","doi":"10.1177/19400829211028118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19400829211028118","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Background and Research Aims: Assessing biodiversity recovery is key to determine whether the objectives of habitat restoration for conservation are met. Many restoration initiatives use cross-sectional comparisons of wildlife communities to infer restoration impact instead of longitudinal assessments from a baseline state. Using an indicator of biodiversity in the neotropics— bats— we demonstrate how assessing community diversity and composition in an area targeted for restoration prior to implementation, and when compared to surrounding intact forest, provides the groundwork to track changes in the community post-restoration. Methods We assessed bat communities by 1) using mist-net surveys to identify species in the family Phyllostomidae (leaf-nosed bats), and 2) conducting acoustic surveys to identify non-phyllostomid species (aerial insectivores). Results For both groups, we found that areas targeted for restoration had similar diversity as the surrounding forest, but the two habitat types differed in community composition. Phyllostomids were captured at higher rates in forest, but aerial insectivores were detected at higher rates in restoration habitat. Conclusion Our baseline assessment revealed unexpected diversity in areas targeted for restoration. The presence of all trophic groups in restoration habitat suggests that bats provide key ecosystem services in the restoration process, such as through seed dispersal, pollination and insect pest control. Implications for Conservation: Conducting a baseline survey of bats in areas targeted for restoration demonstrated that the community was not species poor at the baseline and was different from the surrounding forest, allowing us to better track restoration success and the effects of different restoration treatments.","PeriodicalId":49118,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Conservation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/19400829211028118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41421222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation on the Meteorological Service for Mitigating the Severe Impacts of Typhoon Rammasun 减轻台风“威马逊”严重影响的气象服务评价

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Tropical Conservation Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1940082921992660

Yingjie Liu, Bingwei Cui, W. Batchelor, Chengyi Zhang

引用次数: 1

Quantifying Wire Snares as a Threat to Leopards in Karnataka, India 印度卡纳塔克邦对豹子的威胁

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Tropical Conservation Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/19400829211023264

S. Gubbi, Aparna Kolekar, V. Kumara

{"title":"Quantifying Wire Snares as a Threat to Leopards in Karnataka, India","authors":"S. Gubbi, Aparna Kolekar, V. Kumara","doi":"10.1177/19400829211023264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19400829211023264","url":null,"abstract":"Though large felids are flagship species for wildlife conservation they are threatened due to various anthropogenic impacts. Mapping spatial patterns and quantification of threats to large felines can help conservation planning and resource allocation. The Leopard Panthera pardus, is categorized as Vulnerable by the IUCN as it faces a variety of threats. However, quantified data on the threats faced by leopards is scant. Hunting of wildlife using wire snares is one of the severest threats in India and elsewhere. Snaring, one of the simplest and most effective hunting techniques impacts other non-target species like the leopard. In this study, we document the spatial and temporal trends of snaring of leopards from India. Through content analysis of newspapers and news portals for the period January 2009-December 2020, we documented 113 incidents of leopards caught in snares of which 59.3% (5.5 leopards/year) resulted in mortality of leopards. Most snares (97.5%) were set to catch wild prey. Of the 84 incidents for which exact location details were available, the proportion of leopards caught in snares (54.7%, n = 46) and resulted in mortality (50%) in human-dense areas was significantly higher depicting an elevated threat from snares in these landscapes. Results from Generalised Additive Model indicated that snaring incidences increased with human population density. Percentage of protexted area to the geographical area within a district had little impact on the number of snaring incidents. The study results could help threat monitoring and conservation programs for leopards, especially outside the protexted area system.","PeriodicalId":49118,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Conservation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/19400829211023264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49401675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Balancing Bees and Livestock: Pastoralist Knowledge, Perceptions and Implications for Pollinator Conservation in Rangelands, Northern Tanzania 平衡蜜蜂和牲畜:坦桑尼亚北部牧场传粉者保护的牧民知识、观念和影响

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Tropical Conservation Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/19400829211028127

Faith T. Mpondo, P. Ndakidemi, A. Treydte

{"title":"Balancing Bees and Livestock: Pastoralist Knowledge, Perceptions and Implications for Pollinator Conservation in Rangelands, Northern Tanzania","authors":"Faith T. Mpondo, P. Ndakidemi, A. Treydte","doi":"10.1177/19400829211028127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19400829211028127","url":null,"abstract":"Insect pollinators provide numerous ecosystem services that support other living organisms. While pollinators play a large role in cropping systems, little is known about their presence and function in rangeland ecosystems, which have recently become fragmented and overexploited at an extraordinary rate. We assessed local Maasai knowledge on insect pollinators and how pollinators affect livelihood diversification in Simanjiro rangelands, Tanzania. Through questionnaires, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and field observations, we found varied insect knowledge among Maasai herders. Lasioglossum of sub genus Ipomalictus and Syriphidae were the least commonly recognized pollinators as only 24%, and 7% of participants could identify them, respectively. Responses varied significantly between men and women (F = 7.397, p = .007). Commiphora africana, Acacia mellifera and Albizia anthelmintica were noted as most important bee forage plants while observations showed Aspilia mossambicensis, Justicia debile and Acacia tortilis. Most (77%) of Maasai herders showed limited ability to link pollinators and rangeland wellbeing. Beekeeping contributed to livelihood diversification for 61% of respondents, with women participating more frequently than men (χ2 = 46.962, p = .0001). Beekeeping was positively influenced by education level (R = .421, p < .0001) and occupation (R = .194, p = .009). Pollinator declines were attributed to climate change (47%), agriculture (37%), and habitat destruction (8%). We conclude that Maasai have limited knowledge of common pollinator groups and their roles. Community outreach and training should bridge the knowledge gap in pastoralist communities to fully realize pollinator benefits and highlight the importance of rangeland health.","PeriodicalId":49118,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Conservation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/19400829211028127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43740402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Brazil’s Next Deforestation Frontiers 巴西的下一个森林砍伐前沿

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Tropical Conservation Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/19400829211020472

M. Schneider, Ana Alice Biedzicki de Marques, C. Peres

引用次数: 6

Leaf Nutrient Relations of Cycads in a Common Garden 普通园林中苏铁的叶片营养关系

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Tropical Conservation Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/19400829211036570

T. Marler, A. Lindström

{"title":"Leaf Nutrient Relations of Cycads in a Common Garden","authors":"T. Marler, A. Lindström","doi":"10.1177/19400829211036570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19400829211036570","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aims Research required to clarify leaf nutrient relations of cycad species has been inadequate. Common garden studies are useful for determining the influence of genetics on leaf traits because of the homogeneous environment among experimental units. To date, there have been no common garden studies which included all ten genera of cycads. The full phylogenetic breadth has, therefore, not been included in this important area of study. Methods We examined macronutrient and micronutrient content of leaves from one representative species from each of the ten cycad genera at Nong Nooch Tropical Botanical Garden in Thailand. Nitrogen content was determined by dry combustion, and the remaining nutrients were quantified by spectrometry. Results The least variable elements were nitrogen and phosphorus, and the most variable elements were boron and sodium. Nutrient content based on leaflet area was more variable than based on leaflet mass, reflecting species differences in specific leaf area. There were no universal macronutrient or micronutrient signals indicating clear phylogenetic distinctions. Implications for Conservation: Active management of threatened cycad taxa requires research to develop the knowledge to enable evidence-based decisions. This common garden study inclusive of all 10 cycad genera creates a foundation to determine leaf nutrient sufficiency ranges to inform management decisions.","PeriodicalId":49118,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Conservation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/19400829211036570","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47126494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3