International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies最新文献_第2页

High-gain TM11 mode equilateral triangular patch antenna with shorting pins and triangular short horn 带短路引脚和三角短角的高增益 TM11 模式等边三角形贴片天线

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1017/s1759078724000382

Ashwani Kumar, Shatish K. Gautam, Ravi K. Arya, Maifuz Ali, Praduman P. Singh, Anand K. Verma, Raj Mittra

{"title":"High-gain TM11 mode equilateral triangular patch antenna with shorting pins and triangular short horn","authors":"Ashwani Kumar, Shatish K. Gautam, Ravi K. Arya, Maifuz Ali, Praduman P. Singh, Anand K. Verma, Raj Mittra","doi":"10.1017/s1759078724000382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1759078724000382","url":null,"abstract":"Normally, the reported gain of the microstrip patch antenna is within 8 dBi. Using properly located three shorting pins on three bisectors, the present work reports a method to convert the non-radiating TM11 mode of equilateral triangular patch antennas (ETPAs) to a deformed TM11 radiating mode. The boresight gain of ETPA operating in TM11 mode is enhanced from −10.75 to 12.1 dBi at 5.43 GHz. The boresight measured gain is further enhanced to 14.2 dBi at 5.52 GHz by using a triangular surface-mounted short horn (SMSH) of about ${{lambda }}/5$ height. The aperture efficiency of the ETPA with the shorting pins is 84.2%. The aperture efficiency is further improved to 94.2% using the SMSH. The measured boresight cross-polarization and side-lobe level are −40 and −29 dB, respectively. The nature of the electricfield and surface current distribution is analyzed, using both the characteristic mode analysis method and high-frequency structure simulator, to understand the role of shorting pin and coaxial feed in converting the non-radiating TM11 mode to the radiating mode. A systematic design process also is presented for a fast design of shorting pin-loaded ETPA on the suitable substrate at a specified frequency.","PeriodicalId":49052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140935953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Whole-body SAR measurements of millimeter-wave base station in reverberation chambers 混响室中毫米波基站的全身 SAR 测量

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1017/s1759078724000515

Jens Eilers Bischoff, Paramananda Joshi, Davide Colombi, Bo Xu, Christer Törnevik

{"title":"Whole-body SAR measurements of millimeter-wave base station in reverberation chambers","authors":"Jens Eilers Bischoff, Paramananda Joshi, Davide Colombi, Bo Xu, Christer Törnevik","doi":"10.1017/s1759078724000515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1759078724000515","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method for measuring whole-body specific absorption rate (WBSAR) of millimeter-wave base stations (BSs) in a reverberation chamber (RC). The absorbed power in the phantom from the equipment under test (EUT) and hence WBSAR is determined as the difference between the total radiated power with and without the phantom. A chamber transfer function is determined and used to include only the absorption in the phantom due to direct illumination from the EUT, i.e., excluding absorption due to the RC multipath reflections. The measurement method was evaluated at 28 GHz using a horn antenna and a commercial massive multi-input–multi-output BS. The experimental results are in good agreement with simulations. The proposed method allows for measurements of WBSAR within 3 minutes, which is much shorter than traditional approaches. The method is suitable for compliance assessments of BS products with the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection 2020 electromagnetic field exposure guidelines, which extend the applicability of WBSAR as basic restrictions up to 300 GHz.","PeriodicalId":49052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140935779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-narrowband bandpass filter with exact equations of scattering parameters 具有精确散射参数方程的双窄带带通滤波器

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/s1759078724000485

Masoud Najafi, Ali Reza Hazeri

{"title":"Dual-narrowband bandpass filter with exact equations of scattering parameters","authors":"Masoud Najafi, Ali Reza Hazeri","doi":"10.1017/s1759078724000485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1759078724000485","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a new microstrip dual-narrowband bandpass filter employing parallel-coupled transmission lines and open stubs is presented, investigated, and fabricated. The proposed dual-narrowband bandpass filter is analyzed and its exact scattering parameters are calculated, simulated, and measured. So, calculated scattering parameters offer a deep inside view of the performance of the proposed filter. To analyze the proposed filter, the even- and odd-mode excitation are utilized. The input impedance under even- and odd-mode excitation are achieved by transmission line theory and inserted in the scattering parameter equations. Finally, the accurate scattering parameters are derived and compared with simulation results. Simulation results prove the theoretical results. Then, an optimized proposed filter is fabricated and matched with simulation results. The center frequency bands are 4.5 and 6.8 GHz. The optimized filter occupies 0.12 <img data-mimesubtype=\"png\" data-type=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240427055755777-0089:S1759078724000485:S1759078724000485_inline1.png\">$ times $</img> 0.096<img data-mimesubtype=\"png\" data-type=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240427055755777-0089:S1759078724000485:S1759078724000485_inline2.png\">$lambda _g^2$</img>, which is small. Its fractional bandwidth of the first and second passband are 1.5 and 2.5%, respectively. Furthermore, wide and strong rejection levels in the stopbands are offered. The structure of the proposed filter provides many freedoms to design. There is an agreement between experimental and simulation results.","PeriodicalId":49052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and fabrication of optically transparent transmitarrays using inkjet-printing technology 利用喷墨打印技术设计和制造光学透明透射阵列

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/s1759078724000497

Han Chang, Fei-Peng Lai, Yen-Sheng Chen

{"title":"Design and fabrication of optically transparent transmitarrays using inkjet-printing technology","authors":"Han Chang, Fei-Peng Lai, Yen-Sheng Chen","doi":"10.1017/s1759078724000497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1759078724000497","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the use of inkjet-printing technology for transparent transmitarrays, presenting a viable alternative to traditional copper microwire counterparts. The study focuses on achieving high-gain performance crucial for wireless communication systems, with a particular emphasis on the fifth-generation (5G) millimeter-wave communication. Transparent transmitarrays leverage transparent conducting films and conductive mesh structures, overcoming opacity limitations and seamlessly integrating with urban architecture. In this paper, the inkjet-printing process is detailed for fabricating transmitarray apertures, highlighting the flexibility and precision in depositing nanosilver particles onto a glass substrate. The design intricacies involve optimizing feeding characteristics, determining unit cell structures, and constructing transmitarrays of various sizes. To validate the proposed technique, three different apertures (15 × 15, 20 × 20, and 25 × 25 unit cells) are constructed. The antenna performances are evaluated in terms of reflection coefficients, radiation efficiency, realized gain, and patterns, demonstrating the effectiveness of inkjet-printed transmitarrays. Comparative analysis with copper microwire counterparts is also conducted, validating the inkjet-printing technology for similar gain performance with added advantages of flexibility, compatibility with transparent substrates, and cost-effective manufacturing.","PeriodicalId":49052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction of the orthogonal mode via the polarization conversion parasitic structure for the isolation enhancement of MIMO patch antennas 通过极化转换寄生结构引入正交模式，增强 MIMO 贴片天线的隔离效果

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1017/s1759078724000461

Zhonghong Du, Xiaohui Zhang, Peiyu Qin, Yurong Pu, Xiaoli Xi

{"title":"Introduction of the orthogonal mode via the polarization conversion parasitic structure for the isolation enhancement of MIMO patch antennas","authors":"Zhonghong Du, Xiaohui Zhang, Peiyu Qin, Yurong Pu, Xiaoli Xi","doi":"10.1017/s1759078724000461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1759078724000461","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a high-isolation multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) microstrip patch antenna (MPA), which utilizes an orthogonal mode cancellation method is proposed. This method employs TM10 and TM01 modes, which are simultaneously excited in the rectangular passive MPA. Initially, a rectangular decoupling structure featuring polarization rotation characteristics is designed. Further studies show that by loading the polarization conversion parasitic structure (PCPS), the electric field of the spatial coupling wave can be transformed from the x-polarized TM10 mode to the y-polarized TM01 mode. Therefore, TM10 and TM01 modes from the excited antenna and decoupling structure are concurrently coupled to the passive antenna, forming an evident weak-field region on the passive antenna. Placing the feeding probe of the passive MPA within the weak-field region prevents signal reception at the port. Consequently, this results in an extremely low mutual coupling of −49 dB at a resonant frequency of 5.8 GHz. Finally, a prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and tested, and the measured results closely match the simulated results. Additionally, it is observed that PCPS slightly influences the performance of the MIMO antenna.","PeriodicalId":49052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140798811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RF and microwave metrology for quantum computing – recent developments at the UK’s National Physical Laboratory 用于量子计算的射频和微波计量学--英国国家物理实验室的最新进展

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1017/s1759078724000369

M. Stanley, Xiaobang Shang, Murat Celep, Martin Salter, Sebastian de Graaf, Tobias Lindstrom, Sang-Hee Shin, James Skinner, Dilbagh Singh, Daniel Stokes, Manognya Acharya, Nick M. Ridler

{"title":"RF and microwave metrology for quantum computing – recent developments at the UK’s National Physical Laboratory","authors":"M. Stanley, Xiaobang Shang, Murat Celep, Martin Salter, Sebastian de Graaf, Tobias Lindstrom, Sang-Hee Shin, James Skinner, Dilbagh Singh, Daniel Stokes, Manognya Acharya, Nick M. Ridler","doi":"10.1017/s1759078724000369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1759078724000369","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Development of large-scale quantum computing systems will require radio frequency (RF) and microwave technologies operating reliably at cryogenic temperatures down to tens of milli-Kelvin (mK). The quantum bits in the most promising quantum computing technologies such as the superconducting quantum computing are designed using principles of microwave engineering and operated using microwave signals. The control, readout, and coupling of qubits are implemented using a network of microwave components operating at various temperature stages. To ensure reliable operation of quantum computing systems, it is critical to ensure optimal performance of these microwave components and qubits at their respective operating temperatures, which can be as low as mK temperatures. It is, therefore, critical to understand the microwave characteristics of waveforms, components, circuits, networks, and systems at cryogenic temperatures. The UK’s National Physical Laboratory (NPL) is focussed on developing new microwave measurement capabilities through the UK’s National Quantum Technologies Programme to address various microwave test and measurement challenges in quantum computing. This includes the development of various measurement capabilities to characterize the microwave performance of quantum and microwave devices and substrate materials at cryogenic temperatures. This paper summarizes the roadmap of activities at NPL to address these microwave metrology challenges in quantum computing.","PeriodicalId":49052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140655108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RF circuit techniques for transition to 5G advanced 向 5G 先进技术过渡的射频电路技术

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1017/s1759078724000503

F. Balteanu

{"title":"RF circuit techniques for transition to 5G advanced","authors":"F. Balteanu","doi":"10.1017/s1759078724000503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1759078724000503","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Worldwide adoption of 5G mobile devices has been one of the main driving engines behind semiconductor industry. Since the initial release in 2020, 5G-enabled devices have surpassed the market penetration of 3G/4G smartphones. 5G brings higher data capacity, low latency, and new applications. These are possible due to lower feature nodes such as FinFET 3 nm/5 nm but also due to improvements of the 5G radio frequency (RF)front-end circuitry. This paper presents 5G RF front-end architectures with novel circuits and measurement details which will be part of future 5G advanced and 6G mobile devices and are easier to be controlled using digital circuitry. The paper presents an envelope-controlled power amplifier (PA) principle, along with a novel simplified calibration architecture designed for 5G/5G+ operating under 6 GHz, as well as for frequency range 2 millimeter-wave PAs. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 2023 53rd European Microwave Conference and was published in the Proceedings [Balteanu F, Thoomu K, Pingale A, Venimadhavan S, Sarkar S, Choi Y, Modi H, Drogi S, Lee J and Agarwal B (2023) Enabling RF circuit techniques for 5G and beyond In 53rd European Microwave Conference (EuMC), Berlin, Germany, 22–25].","PeriodicalId":49052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breast tumors detection using multistatic microwave imaging with antipodal Vivaldi antennas utilizing DMAS and it-DMAS techniques 利用 DMAS 和 it-DMAS 技术，使用反节维瓦尔第天线进行多静态微波成像，探测乳腺肿瘤

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1017/s1759078724000436

Athul O. Asok, Ayush Tripathi, Sukomal Dey

{"title":"Breast tumors detection using multistatic microwave imaging with antipodal Vivaldi antennas utilizing DMAS and it-DMAS techniques","authors":"Athul O. Asok, Ayush Tripathi, Sukomal Dey","doi":"10.1017/s1759078724000436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1759078724000436","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a study where a sinusoidal corrugated antipodal Vivaldi antenna (SC-AVA) operating in the ultra-wideband (UWB) region is employed as a transducer for microwave imaging (MWI) of a cancerous breast. The functionality of the antenna within the UWB range is confirmed based on performance parameters like return loss, gain, radiation pattern, fidelity factor, and group delay. E-field distribution, H-field distribution, and near field directivity simulations in the presence of the breast phantom have also been carried out and reported. The practical application of the developed antenna for biomedical imaging is evaluated by measuring the specific absorption rate (SAR) readings at multiple frequencies within its operating range. The SAR readings are obtained from an electromagnetic simulator by modelling a realistic heterogeneous breast phantom with multiple embedded tumors, and placing them in close proximity to the transducer. The modelled SC-AVA is further utilized for imaging multiple tumors hidden inside the gland layer of the heterogeneous breast phantom developed in-house. The fabricated breast phantom is scanned using the in-house developed multistatic MWI setup. Based on the data obtained from the scanning setup the images are reconstructed using both the delay multiply and sum (DMAS) and iterative DMAS imaging algorithms. Furthermore, a comparison of the reconstructed images is done to check in which case the obtained images are closer to the fabricated breast phantom.","PeriodicalId":49052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140627607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SICL based Ka-band series SPDT switch for duplexer application 用于双工器应用的基于 SICL 的 Ka 波段系列 SPDT 开关

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1017/s1759078724000473

Saurabh Shukla, Soumava Mukherjee

{"title":"SICL based Ka-band series SPDT switch for duplexer application","authors":"Saurabh Shukla, Soumava Mukherjee","doi":"10.1017/s1759078724000473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1759078724000473","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a Ka-band series single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch circuit realized in substrate-integrated coaxial line (SICL) environment for time division duplex operation. It is designed with a low-cost printed circuit board (PCB) technique. The size of the proposed circuit is $3.1lambda_{g} times 5.9lambda_{g}$ , where λg is the guided wavelength at the center frequency of 27.75 GHz. In this circuit, a SICL-based SPDT switching circuit is proposed with radio frequency (RF) isolation network where the shunt connection of butterfly stubs is in an asymmetric stripline environment. The proposed circuit exhibits less than 2 dB insertion loss at 27–27.9 GHz and less than 2.5 dB insertion loss at 27–28.5 GHz. The design offers good impedance matching in the Transmit (Tx) and Receive (Rx) channels from the common Tx/Rx input channel, along with more than 24 dB isolation between ON and OFF state output channels. The proposed circuit is suitable for millimeter-wave communication systems.","PeriodicalId":49052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140611931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

2D leaky-wave antenna with controlled direction of radiation in the azimuthal plane 方位面辐射方向可控的二维漏波天线

IF 1.4 4区计算机科学

International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1017/s1759078724000448

Jan Machac, Milan Svanda, Vaclav Kabourek

引用次数: 0