{"title":"Review of the Phonological System of Contemporary Urdu Spoken in Pakistan.","authors":"Saira Ambreen, Carol Kit Sum To","doi":"10.1080/17549507.2024.2324905","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17549507.2024.2324905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Urdu is the lingua franca and national language of Pakistan, and is the 10th most-spoken language worldwide with over 230 million speakers. The Urdu phonological system has been examined over the past decades. However, the system has been evolving. This paper aimed to review the available studies investigating various aspects of the Urdu phonological system and to reveal the variations noted among these studies.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty-one studies examining the phonological system of Urdu were located. The studies were reviewed in terms of consonants, geminates, consonant clusters, vowels, diphthongs, syllable structure, phonotactic constraints, and stress.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The findings indicated that 38 consonants, 23 vowels, and 15 diphthongs are used in contemporary Urdu. Most consonants exist as geminates word medially. There are six syllable structures. The consonant clusters are constrained to the coda position only, and short vowels cannot exist in the word-final position. Like other syllable-timed languages, stress is not prominent in Urdu.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on this review, a contemporary Urdu phonemic and syllable structure inventory has been proposed. This will serve as a reference for use in further acquisition research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":49047,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"101-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141560132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah Leong, Andy Smidt, Michael Arthur-Kelly, Lani Campbell
{"title":"Structured observation and informant report assessments in intellectual disability: Reflections of qualified and student speech-language pathologists.","authors":"Hannah Leong, Andy Smidt, Michael Arthur-Kelly, Lani Campbell","doi":"10.1080/17549507.2023.2297651","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17549507.2023.2297651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of qualified and student speech-language pathologists (SLPs) on the clinical utility of informant report and observation tools following a 1-day workshop using a decision tree.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Each participant group (qualified [<i>n</i> = 4] or student SLP [<i>n</i> = 8]) attended a 1-day workshop where they engaged with informant report and structured observation tools using video case studies. Each workshop concluded in a focus group conducted by an independent researcher. NVivo 12 software supported inductive coding and subsequent thematic analysis of transcribed data.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Thematic analysis revealed that participants' perceptions of tools' clinical utility could be conceptualised as three themes (a) tool characteristics, (b) external clinical work demands, and (c) clinician preparedness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participants' views on the utility of informant report and structured observation were influenced by tensions between their desires, the realities of clinical practice, and their own capabilities. This has implications for workforce development in the field in providing clinician guidance, training, and support.</p>","PeriodicalId":49047,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The complexities of diagnosis: New Zealand parents' knowledge, perceptions, and experiences of identification of their children's language and literacy difficulties.","authors":"Jayne Newbury, Jessica Eagle","doi":"10.1080/17549507.2023.2272587","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17549507.2023.2272587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study reported the experiences of New Zealand caregivers of children with language and literacy difficulties in having their child's needs identified.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The participants were 14 mothers of children with idiopathic language and literacy difficulties, recruited through social media language and literacy difficulties support groups. Two mothers identified as Māori and 12 New Zealand European. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. A phenomenological approach using reflexive thematic analysis was used.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>These mothers had learned about language, literacy, and the education system to advocate for their child and perceived a lack of knowledge on the part of schools. Nearly all had sought a diagnosis, with understanding and access to support reported as positive consequences and stigma as a negative. Some preferred labels emphasising difference rather than disorder, consistent with traditional Māori and neurodiversity views. The mothers described their experience as a fight, due to their concerns being ignored, the need to pay for private diagnostic assessments and difficulty accessing services. They appreciated assessors who gave useful, comprehensible information and supported school liaison.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These mothers wanted improved teacher training and publicly funded diagnostic assessment services to improve access to best practice language and literacy instruction for their children.</p>","PeriodicalId":49047,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"129-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Courtney Reid, Catherine Linnett-Young, Yvonne Parry, Jane Bickford
{"title":"Exploration of how youth justice staff perceive the speech-language pathology role and service provision in an Australian youth justice setting.","authors":"Courtney Reid, Catherine Linnett-Young, Yvonne Parry, Jane Bickford","doi":"10.1080/17549507.2024.2330500","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17549507.2024.2330500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aims of this project were to explore how youth justice staff perceive the speech-language pathology role and provision in an Australian youth justice setting, including the speech-language pathologist's role in supporting young people to participate in the activities of the youth justice service studied.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A narrative inquiry approach was employed to guide semi-structured interviews with youth justice staff. Perceptions and experiences were analysed via reflexive thematic analysis, with member checking and inter-rater coding utilised for rigour.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted. Interviewees worked in either the custodial setting (<i>n</i> = 3) or the community setting (<i>n</i> = 4) for the youth justice service studied, though most had worked in both settings. Six themes and six subthemes were identified from the interview data and related to factors that supported improved participation in the activities of the youth justice service studied. These factors were the speech-language pathology skillset and approach, and that there were systemic barriers within the service. All participants perceived speech-language pathology input as valuable for the young people in the service studied. There was also acknowledgement by the participants of how speech, language, and communication needs of the young people impacted their participation in the activities of the service studied. These findings were despite the perceived need for organisation-wide education on the speech-language pathologist role and offering.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased understanding of how youth justice staff perceive the role and benefits of speech-language pathology in supporting young people in contact with the youth justice system will assist with service planning, inform education strategies, and may support policy change.</p>","PeriodicalId":49047,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"144-154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141071098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aiken Ko, Annie Chan, Alison Purcell, Donna Claire Thomas
{"title":"Exploring the thoughts and feelings of novice speech-language pathology students: A qualitative investigation.","authors":"Aiken Ko, Annie Chan, Alison Purcell, Donna Claire Thomas","doi":"10.1080/17549507.2024.2444397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2024.2444397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the thoughts and feelings of novice Australian speech-language pathology students about undertaking their first therapy placement.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data was collected with Australian novice graduate-level speech-language pathology students immediately prior to their first therapy placement via open-ended responses to two questions on a questionnaire. The data was analysed using inductive qualitative content analysis.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>265 students participated in the study. Data analysis led to the construction of two themes: \"I hope that my placement will support me on my way to becoming a confident speech-language pathologist\" and \"I hope my clients do well, but I fear that I might be inadequate\". The analysis of these results led to the development of guidelines for supporting novice students on clinical placement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Novice speech-language pathology students are keen to apply their knowledge to authentic clinical cases but are concerned about their own personal circumstances and whether they will receive sufficient support during their placement. An enhanced understanding of students' concerns and hopes may help practice educators implement appropriate support strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49047,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katherine Morris, Nicholas F Taylor, Amy Freeman-Sanderson
{"title":"Safety-related outcomes for patients with a tracheostomy and the use of flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) for assessment and management of swallowing: A systematic review.","authors":"Katherine Morris, Nicholas F Taylor, Amy Freeman-Sanderson","doi":"10.1080/17549507.2023.2293633","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17549507.2023.2293633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this systematic review was to examine safety-related outcomes for patients with tracheostomy after flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) to assess and manage their swallow, when compared to other non-instrumental swallow assessments such as clinical swallowing examination (CSE) and/or a modified Evans blue dye test (MEBDT).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Three databases were searched for articles referring to safety-related outcome data for adults with a tracheostomy, who underwent FEES and CSE and/or MEBDT. Articles were screened using predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The search strategy identified 2097 articles; following abstract and full-text screening, seven were included for review. The summary of evidence found low to very low certainty that FEES was associated with improved outcomes across swallow safety, physiological outcomes, tracheostomy cannulation duration, functional outcomes, and detection of upper airway pathologies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review demonstrated low to very low certainty evidence from seven heterogeneous studies with low sample sizes that incorporating FEES may be associated with improved safety-related outcomes. There is less evidence supporting the accuracy of other swallow assessments conducted at the point of care (i.e. CSE and MEBDT). Future research requires studies with larger sample sizes and routine reporting of safety-related outcomes with use of FEES.</p>","PeriodicalId":49047,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"70-80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140094980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shamim Ghazi, Raheleh Faramarzi, Brenda Lessen Knoll, Ali Taghipour, Saeedeh Hajebi, Davood Sobhani-Rad
{"title":"Comparing the effects of 5-minute premature infant oral motor intervention with 15-minute Fucile treatment in term infants with feeding difficulties: A multi-arm randomised clinical trial.","authors":"Shamim Ghazi, Raheleh Faramarzi, Brenda Lessen Knoll, Ali Taghipour, Saeedeh Hajebi, Davood Sobhani-Rad","doi":"10.1080/17549507.2024.2311937","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17549507.2024.2311937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of the present study was to investigate whether term infants with feeding difficulties who received either a 5-minute premature infant oral motor intervention (PIOMI) or a 15-minute Fucile treatment had different outcomes, compared to term infants in a nontreatment group.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Stable term infants (<i>N</i> = 51) born between 37-41 weeks of gestational age with feeding difficulties were randomly assigned into one of two intervention groups and a control group. One intervention group received PIOMI and the other group received Fucile treatment once a day for seven consecutive days; the control group received usual care only. The volume of milk intake, the amount of weight gain, and the length of hospital stay were compared across all groups.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Findings indicated that the volume of milk intake and weight gain showed significant improvement in all three groups. However, pairwise comparison revealed that infants in the Fucile group had significantly higher volume of milk intake and weight gain compared to infants in both the control and PIOMI groups. Length of hospital stay was not significantly different amongst all groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effects of Fucile treatment were more considerable than for usual care or PIOMI. This finding raises the possibility that prolonged exercise may facilitate improvement in feeding skills for term infants with feeding difficulties.</p>","PeriodicalId":49047,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"92-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevin M Pitt, Miechelle McKelvey, Kristy Weissling, Amber Thiessen
{"title":"Brain-computer interface for augmentative and alternative communication access: The initial training needs and learning preferences of speech-language pathologists.","authors":"Kevin M Pitt, Miechelle McKelvey, Kristy Weissling, Amber Thiessen","doi":"10.1080/17549507.2024.2363939","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17549507.2024.2363939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To enable the codesign of a training framework for brain-computer interfaces for augmentative and alternative communications access (BCI-AAC), the aim of this study is to evaluate the initial BCI-AAC training needs and preferred learning strategies of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) with AAC experience.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eleven SLPs employed across a broad range of settings completed a semi-structured interview. A grounded theory approach alongside peer debriefing and review, member checking, and triangulation procedures were utilised for thematic analysis to help ensure data reliability and credibility.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Regarding critical training needs, SLPs identified the subthemes of (a) personalisation of intervention, (b) technical aspects, (c) BCI-AAC system types and access, and (d) how to support stakeholders in BCI-AAC implementation. Regarding learning strategy preferences, participants discussed (a) expert guidance and demonstrations, (b) hands-on experience, alongside (c) media and presentations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings present a continuum of critical training needs ranging from more foundational information to more personalised assessment and intervention consideration. These thematic results present a first step in developing a basic framework for SLP training in BCI-AAC to utilise and build from as technology development continues, and provides an important initial starting point for the codesign of clinically focused BCI-AAC trainings.</p>","PeriodicalId":49047,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"14-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141724822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of speech-language pathologists in frailty: An Australian qualitative study of perceptions, practices, and opportunities.","authors":"Kasey Cummings, Joanne Murray, Michael T Lawless","doi":"10.1080/17549507.2023.2287428","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17549507.2023.2287428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Frailty is an important geriatric syndrome, yet the role of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in identifying and managing frailty remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of SLPs regarding frailty, including enablers, barriers, and opportunities for multidisciplinary improvements to frailty prevention and management.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this exploratory qualitative study, data were collected from SLPs through online semi-structured interviews and analysed using a qualitative descriptive approach.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Seven Australian SLPs from acute, rehabilitation, geriatric, and community settings were interviewed. Three overarching themes were created: (1) SLPs understand the clinical manifestation of frailty but do not use explicit language to describe it; (2) SLPs acknowledged the importance of addressing knowledge gaps and barriers in frailty management; and (3) SLPs do not currently have an established identity within the frailty field, but do have a role within the multidisciplinary team and the care of people living with frailty.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participants' understandings of frailty varied and highlighted the lack of education about frailty as barriers to effective service provision. Additional research is required to produce formal recommendations for SLPs regarding frailty management, which may include frailty education to SLPs and awareness of SLPs' role within the multidisciplinary team.</p>","PeriodicalId":49047,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139730764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amna Samir Mira, Mary Elizabeth Wilkens, Karla Nadine Washington, Victoria Sue McKenna
{"title":"Phonemic and pitch variability in bilingual preschoolers: A comparison of Jamaican Creole and English.","authors":"Amna Samir Mira, Mary Elizabeth Wilkens, Karla Nadine Washington, Victoria Sue McKenna","doi":"10.1080/17549507.2023.2287426","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17549507.2023.2287426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the cross-linguistic influences of Jamaican Creole (JC) and English on phonemic and vocal development in bilingual JC-English-speaking preschoolers.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixteen typically developing children (12 females, <i>M</i> = 4 years; 4 months) completed the Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation in Phonology Word Inconsistency Assessment subtest in JC and in English. Acoustic measures of voice onset time (VOT), VOT variability (VOT <i>SD</i>), mean fundamental frequency (<i>f</i><sub>o</sub>), and <i>f</i><sub>o</sub> variability (<i>f</i><sub>o</sub> <i>SD</i>) were extracted from each target word. Prevoicing was noted. Mixed models and regression models were analysed to understand the patterns of acoustic measures in each language, and the relationship between phonemic and vocal variability, respectively.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Analyses showed a significant effect of language on <i>f</i><sub>o</sub> <i>SD</i>, wherein <i>SD</i> was greater in English than JC. JC spoken (percentage) was a significant positive predictor of VOT <i>SD</i> for voiced (short lag) productions. There was no relationship between phonemic and vocal variability measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Greater <i>f</i><sub>o</sub> <i>SD</i> in English may be due to linguistic <i>f</i><sub>o</sub> differences and speaking environment. Variability for voiced VOT is likely due to the continued maturation of vocal and articulatory control when children are developing adult-like productions, though longitudinal studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49047,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"113-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139906741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}