Ornithological Science最新文献_第6页

Reintroduction of Parent-Reared and Semi-Wild Chicks of Red-Crowned Grus japonensis and White-Naped Cranes Antigone vipio in Russia: Lessons from 29 Years of Experience 俄罗斯丹顶鹤和白枕鹤双亲饲养和半野生雏鸟的重新引进:29年经验的教训

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.2326/osj.21.53

Eugenia V. Bragina, Irina Balan, N. Kuznetsova, M. Parilov, Jonathan C. Slaght

{"title":"Reintroduction of Parent-Reared and Semi-Wild Chicks of Red-Crowned Grus japonensis and White-Naped Cranes Antigone vipio in Russia: Lessons from 29 Years of Experience","authors":"Eugenia V. Bragina, Irina Balan, N. Kuznetsova, M. Parilov, Jonathan C. Slaght","doi":"10.2326/osj.21.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.21.53","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Red-crowned Grus japonensis (IUCN status: Endangered) and White-naped Antigone vipio (IUCN status: Vulnerable) cranes are both rare, with wild populations of ∼3,000 and ∼6,000 individuals, respectively. Since 1991, the Rare Bird Reintroduction Station at the Khingansky State Nature Reserve, Russia, has been rearing and reintroducing chicks of both species to bolster wild populations. The station uses two different chick-rearing methods: (1) the “parent-reared” method, in which chicks are raised in enclosures by natural parents and stay with them until their release into the wild, and (2) the “semi-wild” method, a modification of hand-rearing, in which cohorts of 2–7 chicks spend most of their time together in an enclosure but are guided on daily excursions outside the enclosure, under supervision of a keeper from a distance of 30–50 m. We have assessed and compared apparent survival of crane chicks reared under these methods. Of the 165 juveniles released into the wild from 1991–2019 (104 Red-crowned; 61 White-naped), no difference was found between apparent survival of parent-reared and semi-wild chicks. Six-month apparent survival of Red-crowned Cranes was 84.2% (95% confidence interval: 75.3–90.3%); for White-naped Cranes –89.5% (95% CI: 83.9–93.3%). Both parent-reared and semi-wild chicks were later observed in mated pairs with their own offspring (17 chicks in total), coupling with either other reintroduced birds or with wild individuals. We conclude that both the parent-reared and semi-wild methods had similar outcomes with respect to apparent survival. However, since the semi-wild method is less costly with respect to time (i.e., more juveniles can be released annually using this method) we recommend that it be used whenever possible to bolster these Endangered and Vulnerable populations.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41460967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rejection of Conspecific Eggs Associated with the Appearance of Eggs, in the Azure-Winged Magpie Cyanopica cyanus in Korea 韩国蓝翅喜鹊对与卵子外观相关的同种卵子的排斥

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.2326/osj.21.45

S. Son, Ji-sub Kim, Jin‐Won Lee, Ki-Baek Nam, Jeong-Chil Yoo

{"title":"Rejection of Conspecific Eggs Associated with the Appearance of Eggs, in the Azure-Winged Magpie Cyanopica cyanus in Korea","authors":"S. Son, Ji-sub Kim, Jin‐Won Lee, Ki-Baek Nam, Jeong-Chil Yoo","doi":"10.2326/osj.21.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.21.45","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Avian brood parasitism is a reproductive strategy in which a parasitic species lays its eggs in the nests of a host. In response to parasitism, hosts have evolved various defence strategies. One of the host defences against intraspecific and interspecific brood parasitism is to distinguish parasitic eggs based on intraclutch variation in egg appearance. Hosts can improve their ability to discriminate parasitic eggs by lowering the degree of their intraclutch variation in egg appearance. Therefore, intraclutch variation may affect the egg rejection behaviour of hosts. In this study, we conducted experiments to study egg recognition and rejection behavior for mimetic eggs in Azure-winged Magpies Cyanopica cyanus in Korea. We also investigated the level of variation in egg appearance (egg color, spottiness and volume) in order to explore whether the degree of this variation is associated with the rejection decision. We found that there were no differences in egg coloration or spottiness between the rejecter and accepter. However, we found that intraclutch egg volume variation in rejecters was significantly lower than that in accepters, indicating that the Azure-winged Magpie is likely to recognize its own eggs by lowering its intraclutch variation in egg volume as a defensive strategy against brood parasitism. This study suggests that the Azure-winged Magpie use not the differences in egg coloration but egg volume to discriminate and reject closely mimetic conspecific eggs.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44663002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Investigating Avian Behaviour Using Opportunistic Camera-Trap Imagery Reveals an Untapped Data Source 利用机会相机陷阱图像调查鸟类行为揭示了一个未开发的数据源

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.2326/osj.21.3

Peter M. Vaughan, J. Buettel, B. Brook

{"title":"Investigating Avian Behaviour Using Opportunistic Camera-Trap Imagery Reveals an Untapped Data Source","authors":"Peter M. Vaughan, J. Buettel, B. Brook","doi":"10.2326/osj.21.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.21.3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Understanding the behavioural responses of bird species to their environments is important for effective conservation, especially in captive-management and resource-provisioning programs. Camera traps present a growing opportunity to research bird breeding and foraging behaviour in situ. Remotely triggered cameras are commonly deployed to study mammals and large terrestrial birds. They are rarely used to survey small or arboreal birds due to habitat constraints. However, a wealth of information about small or arboreal birds can be generated opportunistically from camera traps in the course of collecting data on other taxa. Here, we describe and quantify the types of behavioural information that can be so gleaned, based on over 1,700 small-bird images captured as “collateral” during a geographically extensive mammal-focused camera study in Tasmania, Australia in 2018–2020. Postural analysis of images revealed 10 distinct behaviours. Large- and medium-sized terrestrial bird species were most commonly observed (61.6% of behavioural images), but small and arboreal species were also photographed at high rates (18.4% and 29.5% of behavioural images respectively). Investigative activity was the most commonly observed behaviour in small and arboreal species (around half of all images), but feeding, mating and even very rare behaviours like fur plucking, were also captured photographically. This case study reveals the value of opportunistically analysing camera trap images for small or arboreal birds species, especially when they are of conservation interest, even for cases where deliberately targeting them would not be a cost-effective strategy.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44976271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Light-Level Geolocation Reveals Unexpected Migration Route from Russia to the Philippines of a Blue-And-White-Flycatcher Cyanoptila cyanomelana 光级地理定位揭示了一种蓝白相间的捕蝇草从俄罗斯到菲律宾的意外迁徙路线

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.2326/osj.21.121

W. Heim, A. Antonov, Ilka Beermann, Simeon Lisovski, M. Sander, S. Hahn

引用次数: 3

The Breeding Ecology of Oriental Skylark Alauda gulgula on Farmland in the Mardan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省马尔丹地区东方云雀的繁殖生态学

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.2326/osj.21.71

Asif Sadam, R. Khan, K. Gabol, M. Awais, I. Khan

{"title":"The Breeding Ecology of Oriental Skylark Alauda gulgula on Farmland in the Mardan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","authors":"Asif Sadam, R. Khan, K. Gabol, M. Awais, I. Khan","doi":"10.2326/osj.21.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.21.71","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research on the breeding ecology of birds is key to understanding not only their ecological, evolutionary and behavioral traits but also for developing effective conservation strategies. We studied the breeding ecology of Oriental Skylark Alauda gulgula on farmland in the Mardan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan from April to July 2018. Nests were searched systematically in all potential farmland sites. A total of 39 nests was found, of which 25 were active. Nests were cup shaped or somewhat oblong mainly concealed within 15–25-cm tall grasses. Nests were constructed of local grasses and dry leaves of trees and local crops. The average nest mass was 17.20±0.9 g. Average nest measurements were: outer diameter 9.17±0.8 cm, inner diameter 7.65±0.6 cm and inner cup depth 6.45±0.5 cm. Eggs were oval in shape and dusty-grey in colour with dark grayish spots more concentrated on the broader end. The average egg mass was 3.0±0.13 g. Average egg measurements were: width 2.30±0.4 cm, egg length 3.25±0.17 cm2 and egg volume 3.68±0.07 cm3. The average incubation lasted 12.08±0.7 days and the nestling period was 12.59±0.5 days. The average clutch size was 3.16±0.9 eggs, and brood size averaged 2.76±0.7 nestlings. Fledgings were found from early May to late July. The average number of young fledged was 2.18±0.7 and overall breeding success was 60.75%. Results suggest that farmland represents a good yet risky breeding habitat for the skylarks. Factors such as nest destruction, grazing, predation, agricultural disturbance and human intervention are affecting the breeding success of Oriental Skylark in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45127839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence of Torpor in a Tropical Passerine, the Scarlet-Backed Flowerpecker Dicaeum cruentatum 热带雀形目，红背啄花鸟(Dicaeum cruentatum)冬眠的证据

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.213

A. Bushuev, E. Zubkova, A. Kerimov

{"title":"Evidence of Torpor in a Tropical Passerine, the Scarlet-Backed Flowerpecker Dicaeum cruentatum","authors":"A. Bushuev, E. Zubkova, A. Kerimov","doi":"10.2326/osj.20.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.20.213","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker Dicaeum cruentatum (Dicaeidae, Passeriformes), a sedentary species of Southeast Asia, is among the smallest passerine birds (5–6 g). Despite its very small size, it feeds mainly on plant foods, such as berries, nectar, and green seeds. We found that in conditions of likely food shortage Scarlet-backed Flowerpeckers were able to greatly reduce their metabolic rate at a relatively high ambient temperature (26–28°C). This is within the thermoneutral zone of most tropical birds, although slightly cooler than the normal lower critical temperature of flowerpeckers. In this state, the resting metabolic rate (RMR) of three individual, free-living Scarlet-backed Flowerpeckers from Vietnam averaged 1.57 mL O2/g*h, which was 3.4 times lower than their non-torpid RMR, measured at the same ambient temperature (Ta=∼27°C) and 2.5 time lower than their basal metabolic rate (BMR) measured at Ta=∼31°C. We did not measure the body temperature (Tb) of these individuals, but the dramatically low oxygen consumption provides evidence of torpor, an energy-saving physiological state, which is very rare among passerine birds. The skin Tb of active flowerpeckers, just before nocturnal RMR measurements, averaged 41.1°C (their cloacal Tb was 41.2°C), while in resting non-torpid birds at night the skin Tb averaged 36.3°C. Our report is the first quantitative evidence of torpor in the family Dicaeidae.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42291371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Roost-Site Selection and Population Assessment of Gulls Wintering Along India's West Coast Reveals the Importance of Conserving Coastal Habitats 印度西海岸越冬海鸥的栖息地选择和种群评估揭示了保护沿海栖息地的重要性

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.161

G. B. Rao, S. Babu

{"title":"Roost-Site Selection and Population Assessment of Gulls Wintering Along India's West Coast Reveals the Importance of Conserving Coastal Habitats","authors":"G. B. Rao, S. Babu","doi":"10.2326/osj.20.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.20.161","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract High quality roosts play a significant role in species' population survival and such information is scarce for many gull species. In this context, identifying factors that influence roost-site selection by gulls, and the extent to which they do so, as well as suggesting appropriate management strategies to conserve coastal habitats along the Central Asian Flyway, are urgent necessities. We conducted near-shore surveys along a 121–km stretch of India's west coast between January 2015 and April 2018 to assess roost-site selection by wintering gulls. At select sites, we also conducted population assessments from established vantage points during low tide using a photograph-based total count method. We recorded five species of gulls. Generalized Linear Models showed that three habitat variables, namely the number of sandbanks, extent of sandbanks, and distance to fish-landing centres, strongly influenced roost-site selection by gulls. Ideal estuaries for gull roosting included more than two sandbanks that spanned more than eight hectares, and were within two kilometres of fish-landing centres. Zero-inflated count models revealed strong site-fidelity among gulls and showed that the sampling covariates did not influence the detection of gulls in already known sites. We recorded eight percent of the 1% biogeographic population of Brown-headed Gull, three percent of that for Pallas's Gull and two percent of that for Slender-billed Gull. Encouraging sustainable use of coastal areas for recreational activities, curbing sand mining, and including three sites (Karli, Mitbav and Mochemad) in Sindhudurg district under India's protected area network, as Community Conservation Reserves, may help conserve the wintering population of gulls along the Indian coast.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46764976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Resident Birds Show Different Patterns in Species Composition and Functional Diversity in Differently Managed Coffee Plantations in the Western Ghats, India 印度西高止山脉不同管理的咖啡种植园中的留鸟在物种组成和功能多样性方面表现出不同的模式

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.185

Athira S. Variar, N. R. Anoop, P. A. Vinayan, P. A. Ajayan, N. S. Sujin, A. Ali, P. K. Prasadan, M. Smija, S. Babu

{"title":"Resident Birds Show Different Patterns in Species Composition and Functional Diversity in Differently Managed Coffee Plantations in the Western Ghats, India","authors":"Athira S. Variar, N. R. Anoop, P. A. Vinayan, P. A. Ajayan, N. S. Sujin, A. Ali, P. K. Prasadan, M. Smija, S. Babu","doi":"10.2326/osj.20.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.20.185","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Understanding the patterns and drivers of bird species composition and diversity outside Protected Area networks is essential to develop landscape-level conservation strategies. The Western Ghats' coffee plantations of India form an important agro-ecosystem and help maintain a significant portion of regional avian diversity. However, knowledge of the composition and functional diversity of birds in differently managed coffee plantation is lacking from the Western Ghats. In this study, we compared the composition and functional diversity of resident birds between shade and open coffees plantations. We counted 3,846 birds of 87 species, and found species richness to be higher in shade (78 species) than in open coffee plantations (55 species). Interestingly, 32 species were unique to shade and nine were unique to open coffee plantations, with 46 species found in both types of plantation. Overall species composition and functional diversity were different in differently managed plantations. Species richness and abundance (birds/point/visit) were higher in shade coffee, reflecting the availability of multiple strata and habitat heterogeneity. Results revealed that different farm management practices can affect functional bird richness and its abundance in coffee plantations. Therefore, retaining shade-trees of native varieties in coffee plantations is important for supporting high functional diversity, richness, and abundance of birds in the coffee plantation of the Western Ghats.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47518782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Foraging Habitat Selection by the Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni During the Different Phases of Breeding and the Post Breeding Period in Central Greece 希腊中部小红隼在繁殖不同阶段和繁殖后期的觅食栖息地选择

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.175

Christos E. Christakis, A. Sfougaris

{"title":"Foraging Habitat Selection by the Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni During the Different Phases of Breeding and the Post Breeding Period in Central Greece","authors":"Christos E. Christakis, A. Sfougaris","doi":"10.2326/osj.20.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.20.175","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the selection of foraging habitats by the Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni during the different phases of breeding and the post breeding season on the Plain of Thessaly, central Greece. Foraging habitat selection by the species was recorded by direct visual observation in 2014 and 2015 during their presence in the area. Habitat selection was analyzed using the Savage selectivity index. The results indicate that Lesser Kestrels were likely to positively select fallow and set-aside land from pair formation to the pre-migratory phase, but with some annual variation. Legumes (Alfalfa) and cereals were also positively-selected crop categories, whereas cotton and other kinds of cultivation were significantly avoided. During the incubation and chick rearing phase, cereals (the most widespread form of cultivation in the area), were positively selected, which highlights the importance of these crops during this critical breeding phase. Prey abundance and availability, which depend on farming practices, seem to be the main reasons for the periodic variation in the species' habitat selection in the area.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48684971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reducing Bird Collision Risk Per Megawatt by Introducing Longer Wind Turbine Blades 通过引入更长的风力涡轮机叶片来减少每兆瓦的鸟类碰撞风险

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.253

Yasuo Shimada

引用次数: 1