Ornithological Science最新文献_第7页

The Diet Composition and Ingested Plastics of Laysan and Black-Footed Albatrosses Incidentally Captured by the Pelagic Longline Fishery in the Western North Pacific 北太平洋西部远洋延绳钓偶然捕获的黑背信天翁和黑足信天翁的饮食组成和摄入的塑料

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.129

S. Nakatsuka, D. Ochi, Y. Inoue, Hiroshi Ohizumi, Y. Niizuma, H. Minami

{"title":"The Diet Composition and Ingested Plastics of Laysan and Black-Footed Albatrosses Incidentally Captured by the Pelagic Longline Fishery in the Western North Pacific","authors":"S. Nakatsuka, D. Ochi, Y. Inoue, Hiroshi Ohizumi, Y. Niizuma, H. Minami","doi":"10.2326/osj.20.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.20.129","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The stomach contents (food and ingested plastics) of Laysan Albatross Phoebastria immutabilis and Black-footed Albatross P. nigripes were examined by necropsy analysis of birds caught as bycatch in the pelagic longline fisheries in the Western North Pacific. The contents were classified separately for the proventriculus and gizzard. Undigested fish and cephalopods were found in the proventriculus, while hard objects such as cephalopod beaks, plastics, and pebbles were found in the gizzard. This indicates that the retention time of soft tissues in fish or cephalopods differs from that for hard objects. The main prey of both albatrosses consisted of mesopelagic cephalopods such as Cranchiidae, Gonatidae, Histioteuthidae, and Onychoteuthidae species. Laysan Albatrosses also foraged on small teleosts (Japanese Anchovy Engraulis japonicus and some Myctophidae fishes) as major prey items. The estimated dorsal mantle length of cephalopods preyed upon by the albatrosses was below 200 mm, which was smaller than the mature sizes of those cephalopods and the size class mainly preyed upon by cetaceans. This implies that the albatrosses may forage on immature cephalopods floating in the surface layer. Ingested plastics were found in 71.8% of Laysan and 31.8% of Black-footed Albatrosses and plastic fragments were the most abundant.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47266497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Adult Lesser Cuckoo Cuculus poliocephalus Killing Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone Nestlings 成年小布谷鸟脑灰质炎布谷鸟杀死日本丛林林莺的雏鸟

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.247

H. Tojo, Syuya Nakamura

引用次数: 1

Species-Area Relationships in Urban Ponds Differ between Wild and Human-Fed Domesticated Birds 城市池塘中野生鸟类和人工饲养的驯养鸟类的物种-面积关系

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.263

Maria Paola Di Santo, C. Battisti, G. Carpaneto

引用次数: 0

Landscape Genetics of Hume's Pheasant Syrmaticus humiae: Rivers Act as Potential Genetic Barriers 休谟野鸡的景观遗传学:河流作为潜在的遗传屏障

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.149

Yong-Jian Bei, Jieling Lai, K. Martin, Weicai Chen

{"title":"Landscape Genetics of Hume's Pheasant Syrmaticus humiae: Rivers Act as Potential Genetic Barriers","authors":"Yong-Jian Bei, Jieling Lai, K. Martin, Weicai Chen","doi":"10.2326/osj.20.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.20.149","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Landscape features, such as rivers, can act as geographical barriers to dispersal and gene flow and thus influence the population structure of some species. In this study, tissue samples were collected from 73 Hume's Pheasant Syrmaticus humiae, from six localities in Guangxi and Guizhou provinces, China, to examine the influence of rivers in landscape structure on genetic diversity and structure based on 12 microsatellite loci. Results indicated a high genetic diversity in Hume's Pheasant. Individuals from populations in Tianlin, Longlin and Xilin counties (TXL) (three geographically proximate populations) tended to form a genetic cluster, distinct from three other geographically proximate populations 100 km to the west in Pojie town (PJ), Luodian county (LD) and Leye county (LX), which showed more mixing and were less genetically distinct. Using simulated Markov-switching VAR (MSVAR), we found that the median population sizes of the posterior distributions were approximately 3,715 individuals for N0, and approximately 100,000 for N1, indicating that Hume's Pheasant experienced a significant genetic bottleneck 4,800 years ago, possibly due to human activity. Hume's Pheasant shows female-biased dispersal. The results of STRUCTURE and GENELAND indicate that Nanpan River, Hongshui River and national road G324 act as potential genetic barriers for Hume's Pheasant in Guangxi and Guizhou provinces. In addition, genetic distinctiveness has persisted despite population declines of the Hume's Pheasant due to the bottleneck approximately 5,000 years ago and population declines in the last 100 years.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45696247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Nesting Characteristics and Breeding Success of Rose-Ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri in Urban and Natural Areas 城市和自然地区玫瑰环长尾小鹦鹉的筑巢特征和繁殖成功

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.141

B. Rakha, Nayyab Zafar, M. Ansari, Muteeb Khan, A. Akhter, Q. Kanwal, Muhammad Zarak Khan, M. Chaudhary

{"title":"Nesting Characteristics and Breeding Success of Rose-Ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri in Urban and Natural Areas","authors":"B. Rakha, Nayyab Zafar, M. Ansari, Muteeb Khan, A. Akhter, Q. Kanwal, Muhammad Zarak Khan, M. Chaudhary","doi":"10.2326/osj.20.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.20.141","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study was conducted to identify the effect of urban and natural areas on nesting and breeding success of Rose-ringed Parakeet. Nests of Rose-ringed Parakeet were monitored using a combination of camera surveillance and direct observations along transect lines. Cavity availability and use was compared between natural and urban areas. A total of 171 cavities were located, of which 106 contained active nests. The number of available cavities and the proportion occupied were both higher in natural areas than in urban areas. A uniform/cosine model estimated that mean nest density was greater (P<0.05) in natural areas (136 nests/km2) than in urban areas (130 nests/km2). The preferred trees used for nesting were Banyan Ficus benghalensis (22.8%) followed by Chinaberry Tree Melia azedarach (20.4%), Paper Mulberry Broussonetia papyrifera (14.6%), Chir Pine Pinus roxburghii (14.6%), Southern Blue Gum Eucalyptus globulus (11%), Mango Mangifera indica (9.3%), and White Mulberry Morus alba (12%). The greatest number (P<0.05) of successful breeding cavities was recorded in the middle of trees (42.5%) at heights of 6.1–9 m (72.6%) above ground. Mean cavity depths were significantly greater (P<0.05) in urban areas (9.95±0.5 cm) than in natural areas (8.71±2.1 cm), while mean entrance diameter was 6.19±1.9 cm in natural areas and 5.65±0.2 cm in urban areas. Clutches of five eggs were the most common. Hatchling and fledgling successes were higher in natural areas than urban areas, with egg survival probability (70.0%) and nestling survival probability (94.0%) higher in natural areas than in urban areas (37% and 60%) respectively. It is concluded that the breeding success of Rose-ringed Parakeet varies between urban and natural areas.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44232144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Seasonal Variation in Populations of Eurasian Coot Fulica atra: Relationships with Environmental Variables in Mediterranean Wetlands 地中海湿地欧亚白骨顶种群的季节变化与环境变量的关系

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.201

Putri Ayu, F. Ortega, F. Márquez, J. Gilbert, M. Rendón-Martos, F. Guerrero

{"title":"Seasonal Variation in Populations of Eurasian Coot Fulica atra: Relationships with Environmental Variables in Mediterranean Wetlands","authors":"Putri Ayu, F. Ortega, F. Márquez, J. Gilbert, M. Rendón-Martos, F. Guerrero","doi":"10.2326/osj.20.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.20.201","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mediterranean wetlands represent a broad variety of natural resources with a huge role in the maintenance of biological diversity. Waterbirds are significant components of this diversity. Among them, the Eurasian Coot Fulica atra is a key species when studying the correlations and interactions between waterbirds and environmental variables, because of its abundance, ease of detection, and relation with some basic aspects of the functioning of wetlands. The present study aimed to analyse the annual and seasonal variation in populations of Eurasian Coot in 31 wetlands in Andalusia, southern Spain, from 2003 to 2008, paying particular attention to correlations with biotic and abiotic variables. The results showed a positive correlation between water depth and coot abundance, while a negative relationship was observed with salinity and no correlation was observed between wetland size and coot abundance. These environmental variables, together with submerged macrophyte coverage, stand out as playing important roles in the use of habitat by coots in Andalusian wetlands.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41554848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eurasian Eagle Owls Bubo bubo Opportunistically Prey on Stag Beetles Lucanus cervus 欧亚鹰鸮Bubo Bubo伺机捕食鹿甲虫Lucanus cervus

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.235

Matthias Overmann, T. Töpfer

引用次数: 0

The Asian Woollyneck Ciconia episcopus: A Review of its Status, Distribution and Ecology 亚洲毛颈毛虱的现状、分布和生态学研究进展

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.223

P. Ghimire, Rojina Ghimire, M. Low, B. Bist, Nabin Pandey

{"title":"The Asian Woollyneck Ciconia episcopus: A Review of its Status, Distribution and Ecology","authors":"P. Ghimire, Rojina Ghimire, M. Low, B. Bist, Nabin Pandey","doi":"10.2326/osj.20.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.20.223","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Asian Woollyneck Ciconia episcopus is a stork found throughout Asia whose international conservation status is currently being considered for reclassification from vulnerable to near-threatened. However, much of what is known about this species is fragmented across observational reports and small studies making a comprehensive assessment of population trends difficult. Here, we bring together all available published information to see what is known and what research questions still need answering in order to make reliable assessments of regional population trends and identify probable drivers of decline. Despite the species likely being extinct in the extremes of its former range and evidence of dramatic declines in Southeast Asia, Asian Woollyneck appears to be stable or increasing in India, Sri Lanka and Nepal. Observations of its preferred foraging and nesting habitats in South versus Southeast Asia show some obvious differences that may explain regional variations in population trends. In South Asia the bird is common in open grasslands and agricultural areas, while in Southeast Asia it is mostly observed in forested areas. Also, reports of the Asian Woollyneck nesting on cell phone towers is increasing in South Asia. However, because of a severe lack of reporting from Southeast Asia, it is unclear if or how these regional differences in population trends and habitat use are linked. Structured surveys and studies into the Asian Woollyneck foraging, nesting and movement ecology are urgently needed to understand the extent and drivers of decline in Southeast Asia. Therefore, researchers should focus future studies on population trends across the species' range, and aim to identify the local factors influencing recent changes in population growth. Without such knowledge, reassessment of its conservation status may be premature.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44086682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Non-Kin Infanticide by Male Oriental Magpie Robins in Nest Boxes 雄性东方喜鹊Robins在巢箱中杀死非亲属婴儿

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.241

Yameng Jin, Changzhang Feng, W. Liang

{"title":"Non-Kin Infanticide by Male Oriental Magpie Robins in Nest Boxes","authors":"Yameng Jin, Changzhang Feng, W. Liang","doi":"10.2326/osj.20.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.20.241","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although a number of infanticide cases have been recorded among birds, since the incidence of this behavior is, overall, low and difficult to confirm, the importance of infanticide in the cause analysis of breeding failure is likely to be underestimated. During the breeding season of March to August 2019, we observed two cases of non-kin infanticide in Oriental Magpie Robins Copsychus saularis in nest boxes. The first incident occurred during the absence of the nesting male during the brooding period and in the sole presence of the female; another male entered the nest box and continuously attacked and pecked all four eight-day-old nestlings in the nest until they died. A second incident occurred in the presence of both parents, but during the feeding interval; a male perpetrator entered the nest box and pecked and pushed the single three-day-old nestling out of the box. The parents continued to carry food to the nest and tried to feed their nestling even after the latter had been killed. The parents were observed behaving anxiously once they detected no sign of activity from their nestling. We speculated that these examples of non-kin infanticide by conspecific Oriental Magpie Robin males could be attributed to competition for food resources or mates.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45499046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the Twentieth Anniversary of Publishing Ornithological Science 《鸟类学》出版二十周年纪念

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2021-04-07 DOI: 10.2326/osj.20.1

T. Mizuta

引用次数: 0