Archives of Environmental Protection最新文献

{"title":"Microbial metabolic activity of drilling waste","authors":"A. Jamrozik, R. Zurek, A. Gonet, R. Wiśniowski","doi":"10.24425/aep.2020.135762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2020.135762","url":null,"abstract":"Operations conducted by petroleum industry generate an entire range of drilling waste. The chemical composition of drilling waste and its toxicity depend primarily on the geological and technological conditions of drilling, the type of drilled rock deposits and on the type and composition of the drilling mud used. In the course of drilling operations, drilling fluids are in constant contact with bacteria, fungi and other organisms infecting the mud. Pioneer species, capable of surviving and using the resources of this specific environment, are selected. For this reason, the effectiveness of microbiota survival on different types of spent drilling muds and in different dilutions with brown soil was measured. Spent drilling muds samples came from drilling operations in various regions of Poland, e.g. Subcarpathia, the Polish Lowland and Pomerania regions. Oxygen consumption after 96 h was around 20 μg·g‒1 dry mass in soil or soil/drilling water-based mud mixture. Soil mixes contained 10 wt% synthetic base, mud had a higher oxygen consumption – 38 μg · g‒1 dry mass. Oxygen consumption decreases sharply as the content of the spent synthetic base mud fraction increases. A higher concentration of spent SBM (35 wt%) reduced the aerobic metabolism by slightly more than 50%. A high concentration of reduced carbon decreased the respiratory quotient (RQ) value to 0.7. All the researched drilling waste shows microbiological activity. At the full concentration of drilling fluids and non-dilution options, the chemical composition (salinity, inhibitors, etc.) strongly inhibits microbiota development and consequently, respiration. 34 A. Jamrozik, R. Żurek, A. Gonet, R. Wiśniowski Some organic polymers (starch, carboxymethyl cellulose) are easily decomposed by bacteria or fungi (Behera et al. 2014). In the course of drilling operations, drilling fluids and then spent drilling mud are in constant contact with bacteria, fungi and other organisms infecting this mud. This biological contamination is accidental. Only strong microorganisms which can adapt to the existing conditions will survive in a given drilling fluid. In this sense, the spent mud environment predetermines the organisms. Pioneer species, capable of surviving and using the resources of this specific environment, are selected. The colonization of soil-spent drilling mud mixes containing semi-natural and natural polymers e.g. starch, partially hydrolyzed acryloamide, guar gum, and cellulose, has been rarely analyzed. For this reason, we measured the effectiveness of microbiota survival on different types of spent drilling mud and in different dilutions. Experimental analysis Materials The following spent drilling mud types were analyzed: 1. WBM: bentonite (1), chloride-polymeric (2), polymeric-triple inhibited (3), potassium-polymeric (4), polymeric-chloride-inhibited (5), salt-barite (6),and 2. SBM (7). Bentonite mud – K-1/B (1) is an aqueous suspension containing minimum 5wt.% bentonite API. Prior to ","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72592496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-delayed effect of petroleum-derived products in soil and their bioremediation on plant – herbivore interaction","authors":"M. Rusin, J. Gospodarek, A. Nadgórska-Socha","doi":"10.24425/AEP.2021.138465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/AEP.2021.138465","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to determine the time-delayed (after three years from the moment of soil pollution) effect of petroleum-derived products (PDPs) (petrol, diesel fuel and used engine oil) on the interaction between selected host plant (broad bean) and a herbivorous insect closely related to it (Sitona spp.). We assessed the condition of the plant exposed to pollutants (i.e. its growth and chemical composition), then we evaluated the attractiveness of the plant for both larvae and adults of the insect. The evaluation covered also the effect of bioremediation by using ZB-01 biopreparation. The results showed that after 3 years from soil contamination, engine oil and diesel fuel limited the feeding of adult sitona weevils while petrol caused increase in the attractiveness of plants for these insects. The PDPs negatively affected the growth of plants. The changes in element content depended on the type of pollutant. The biopreparation ZB-01 eliminated or reduced the differences caused by the presence of PDPs in the soil regarding the chemical composition of the host plant, and limited feeding by both the larvae and adult individuals of sitona weevils. The negative relationships between the contents of both some macroelements (Mg, S) and heavy metals (Zn, Ni), and feeding of imago of Sitona were observed. The obtained results indicate that PDPs remain for a long time in the environment and adversely affect not only the organisms directly exposed to the pollution – plants growing on polluted soil but also further links of the trophic chain, i.e. herbivores. List of abbreviations used at work: PDPs – petroleum-derived products EO – soil contaminated with engine oil, DF – soil contaminated with diesel fuel, P – soil contaminated with petrol, C – control soil, 0R – without bioremediation, R – with bioremediation ZB-01 – the name of the biopreparation used TPH – total petroleum hydrocarbons 72 M. Rusin, J. Gospodarek, A. Nagórska-Socha The effects of PDPs on the growth and development of plants and soil organisms exposed directly to the contact with pollutants are relatively well known (Pennings et al. 2014, Grifoni et al. 2020), but there is very scarce information about indirect effects of these compounds from polluted soil through plants to the subsequent links of trophic chain i.e. phytophagous insects. The results of studies on the impact of different oil concentrations on herbivory invertebrates (grass shrimp Palaemonete spugio and amphipods Gammarus mucronatus) of water plant (Ruppia maritima) suggest a significant and indirect influence of pollutants (Martin and Swenson 2018). Changes in the composition of the host plant due to oil-exposure affected the food preferences of herbivores as well as the amount of food they eat. However, no similar data are available on the effects of PDPs on terrestrial herbivores, which is the purpose of this experiment. Because of their diversity, easy collection and breeding, great fertility, and the short per","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74974905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial and chemical quality assessment of the small rivers entering the South Baltic. Part II: Case study on the watercourses in the Puck Bay catchment area","authors":"E. Bączkowska, A. Kalinowska, Oskar Ronda, K. Jankowska, Rafał Bray, Bartosz Płóciennik, Ż. Polkowska","doi":"10.24425/aep.2022.140545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2022.140545","url":null,"abstract":": Due to its location, Puck Bay is an area particularly vulnerable to pollution of anthropogenic origin. The aim of the study was to assess the water quality of small watercourses entering the inner part of Puck Bay. The paper presents the results of chemical and microbiological analyses of 10 rivers and canals at their estuaries located on the western shore of the internal Puck Bay. The following environmental parameters were analyzed: conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration (in situ measurements), COD (cuvette tests), concentrations of ions (ion chromatography). Microbiological analysis included assessment of sanitary condition based on the number of fecal coliforms by a cultivation method. The determination of basic microbiological parameters such as: prokaryotic cell abundance expressed as total cells number (TCN), prokaryotic cell biovolume expressed as average cell volume (ACV), the prokaryotic biomass (PB) and prokaryotic cell morphotype diversity were determined using epifluorescence microscopy method. Based on the obtained","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75078242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution of the water exchange through river cross-section – measurements and the numerical model","authors":"Maria Grodzka-Łukaszewska, Zofi, Grzegorz Pawlak, Sinicyn","doi":"10.24425/aep.2021.136450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2021.136450","url":null,"abstract":": The aspects of surface stability and groundwater exchange recognized by many researchers due to the intensification of agriculture and industry (manifested in, e.g., regulation and dredging of riverbed sediments of rivers) are now widely discussed on the international forum of water policy and management. It is essential to assess the spatial variability of water exchange through the river length and cross sections for the preparation of data and calculation of the groundwater flow model. This article presents research which describes the spatial distribution of the surface water-groundwater interaction within the river cross-section. Two measurement series were carried out to describe its variability. Additionally, a groundwater flow model was","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75850227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and bottom sediments of a shallow, lowland dammed reservoir (on the example of the reservoir Blachownia, South Poland)","authors":"I. Jureczko, M. Kostecki, A. Pohl, M. Czaplicka, B. Łozowski","doi":"10.24425/118177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/118177","url":null,"abstract":"The content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediments of the Blachownia reservoir (South Poland) was investigated. Spatial variability of PAH concentrations in the longitudinal profi le of the tank was determined. PAHs in samples were determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS QP-2010 Plus Shimadzu) using an internal standard. Concentrations ranged from 0.103 μg/L to 2.667 μg/L (Σ16 PAHs) in water samples and from 2.329 mg/kg d.w. to 9.078 mg/kg d.w. (Σ16 PAHs) in sediment samples. A pollution balance was calculated and it was estimated that the infl ow load was 17.70 kg PAHs during the year and the outfl ow load was 9.30 kg PAHs per year. Accumulation of about 50% of the annual PAH loads (8.90 kg) is a threat to the ecological condition of the ecosystem. It was calculated that the PAH loads in bottom sediment were about 80 kg, which limits their economic use. Improvement of the ecological status of this type of reservoir can be achieved by removing the sediment. Analysis of the diagnostic ratios obtained for selected PAHs showed that the potential sources of PAH emissions in small agricultural – forest catchments can be combustion of a coal, wood, plant material (low emission, forest fi res, burning grass, etc.). Transportation is also signifi cant. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and bottom sediments of a shallow, lowland dammed reservoir... 11 in the environment or utilization (Kostecki 2003, Kostecki and Czaplicka 2001). Determining the relationship between selected PAHs can be used to defi ne the origin of the pollutant. Table 1 shows PAH diagnostic ratios with their typically reported values for particular processes. The aim of the study was to obtain knowledge about the role of lowland dam reservoir as the reactor in which the quality of water and bottom sediments is formed. The novelty scientifi c studies were to attempt to determine the relationship between the morphometry of the reservoir and PAHs concentration in sediments. In determining the spatial variability of concentrations in the longitudinal profi le of the reservoir, its depth diversity was taken into account. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the specifi city of the self-cleaning processes taking place in the lowland reservoirs. Using the balance method, the ecosystem’s ability to accumulate organic pollutants was determined. Research Methodology The object of studies The reservoir in Blachownia is an example of a typical lowland, dammed reservoir formed by damming the Stradomka river. Such reservoirs are important elements in local water management. By small differences in the level of damming they maintain the correct level of groundwater, thus reducing the effects of drought and fl oods during the spring and summer. They are valuable ecosystems enhancing biodiversity of fl ora and fauna. Additionally, they are a recreation area for local communities. The reservoir has an area of 47 hectares, and","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"178 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76042804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrate concentration-related safety of drinking water from various sources intended for consumption by neonates and infants","authors":"E. Królak, J. Raczuk","doi":"10.24425/118176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/118176","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the paper is to compare nitrate concentrations in samples of supply water as well as water from deep and dug wells located in the eastern region of Poland. Additionally, samples of bottled water (spring and natural mineral), certifi ed by the Institute of Mother and Child and the Children’s Memorial Health Institute, were subjected to analyses. On the basis of the obtained results, health risks related to the occurrence of methemoglobinemia in neonates and infants were evaluated. The risk analysis was performed according to the procedure recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Nitrate concentrations in the examined samples ranged from: 0.153–161.1 mg/l. The lowest concentration of nitrates was determined in the samples of bottled water, the highest being detected in the water from dug wells. It was found that nitrate concentration in samples of bottled and supply water did not pose any risk to the health of neonates and infants. The highest health risk related to methemoglobinemia occurs for neonates consuming water originating from dug wells. The risk decreases along with the age of an infant.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82396376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of PCB-contaminated soil pretreatment remediation by hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD)","authors":"Xun-Lei Liu, Ning Ding, Hong Liu, Chen Houwang","doi":"10.24425/AEP.2020.132526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/AEP.2020.132526","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83054505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of selected pesticides with mineral and organic soil components","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/aep.2020.134538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2020.134538","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76472250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of PM2.5 hourly concentrations in Beijing based on machine learning algorithm and ground-based LiDAR","authors":"Zhiyuan Fang, Hao Yang, Cheng Li, Liangliang Cheng, Ming Zhao, Chenbo Xie","doi":"10.24425/aep.2021.138468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2021.138468","url":null,"abstract":"The prediction of PM2.5 is important for environmental forecasting and air pollution control. In this study, four machine learning methods, ground-based LiDAR data and meteorological data were used to predict the ground-level PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing. Among the four methods, the random forest (RF) method was the most effective in predicting ground-level PM2.5 concentrations. Compared with BP neural network, support vector machine (SVM), and various linear fitting methods, the accuracy of the RF method was superior by 10%. The method can describe the spatial and temporal variation in PM2.5 concentrations under different meteorological conditions, with low root mean square error (RMSE) and mean square deviation (MD), and the consistency index (IA) reached 99.69%. Under different weather conditions, the hourly variation in PM2.5 concentrations has a good descriptive ability. In this paper, we analyzed the weights of input variables in the RF method, constructed a pollution case to correspond to the relationship between input variables and PM2.5, and analyzed the sources of pollutants via HYSPLIT backward trajectory. This method can study the interaction between PM2.5 and air pollution variables, and provide new ideas for preventing and forecasting air pollution.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77875056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ammonia emission from livestock productionin Poland and its regional diversity,in the years 2005–2017","authors":"Paulina Mielcarek-Bocheńska, W. Rzeźnik","doi":"10.24425/AEP.2019.130247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/AEP.2019.130247","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83842037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}