Archives of Environmental Protection最新文献

{"title":"Experimental investigations of dynamic sorption of diesel from contaminated water","authors":"D. Paliulis","doi":"10.24425/aep.2021.139500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2021.139500","url":null,"abstract":"Surface wastewater pollution due to accidental runoff or release of oil or its products is a longstanding and common environmental problem. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of concentrations of oil products (diesel) and suspended solids, the sorbent type, the water flow rate and the interfering factors (chlorides) on the dynamic sorption of diesel and to test regeneration of polypropylene after its use for sorption. The sorbents used for study included common wheat straw (Triticum aestivum), polypropylene and sorbents modified with hydrogen peroxide solution. Standard methods were used for the determination of the investigated parameters and an in-house procedure employing a gas chromatograph was used for the determination of diesel concentration. The following factors that impact the sorption of diesel were investigated during the study: diesel concentration, concentration of suspended solids; type of sorbent (common wheat straw (Triticum aestivum), wheat straw modified with hydrogen peroxide, and polypropylene), water flow rate; and influence of the interfering factors (chlorides). Filtration speed in the range of investigated speeds does not affect the efficiency of diesel removal. Removal efficiency does not depend on the concentration of diesel before the sorbent reaches its maximum sorption capacity. Filling containing 50% of polypropylene and 50% of wheat straw was used for the study. It was found that polypropylene and wheat straw do not remove chlorides and suspended solids from solution. The study found that the solution of hydrogen peroxide boosts the hydrophobic properties of common wheat straw, but does not affect the sorption of diesel. The recommended number of regenerations of polypropylene should be limited to two. Experimental investigations of dynamic sorption of diesel from contaminated water 31 (Yalcinkaya et al. 2020, Lurchenko et al. 2019, Voronov et al. 2018, Kwasny et al. 2018). Sorption with a solid sorbent is one of the possible treatment methods. Sorbents can be used for the removal of oil products and organic pollutants from polluted water (Gushchin et al. 2018, Akpomie and Conradie 2021, Quím 2020, Rudkovsky et al. 2016, Paulauskiene 2018, Króla and Rożek 2020, Baiseitov et al. 2016). Clay minerals and modified clay minerals are also widely used for removing oil products and organic pollutants from water and soil (Li et al. 2016, Moshe and Rytwo 2018, Bandura et al. 2017). Scientists have tested polypropylene and other types of plastic for the removal of hydrocarbons and other organic pollutants as well (Baig and Saleh 2019, Karyab et al. 2016, Thilagavathi and Das 2018, Mohammadi et al. 2020). The sorption efficiency of oil depends on the porosity of the sorbent: sorbents with higher porosity have higher sorption capacity. There are three stages of sorption: the first stage is the initial one, where sorption is most intensive during the first minute. This represents the most intensive process of oi","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73783662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial metabolic activity of drilling waste","authors":"A. Jamrozik, R. Zurek, A. Gonet, R. Wiśniowski","doi":"10.24425/aep.2020.135762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2020.135762","url":null,"abstract":"Operations conducted by petroleum industry generate an entire range of drilling waste. The chemical composition of drilling waste and its toxicity depend primarily on the geological and technological conditions of drilling, the type of drilled rock deposits and on the type and composition of the drilling mud used. In the course of drilling operations, drilling fluids are in constant contact with bacteria, fungi and other organisms infecting the mud. Pioneer species, capable of surviving and using the resources of this specific environment, are selected. For this reason, the effectiveness of microbiota survival on different types of spent drilling muds and in different dilutions with brown soil was measured. Spent drilling muds samples came from drilling operations in various regions of Poland, e.g. Subcarpathia, the Polish Lowland and Pomerania regions. Oxygen consumption after 96 h was around 20 μg·g‒1 dry mass in soil or soil/drilling water-based mud mixture. Soil mixes contained 10 wt% synthetic base, mud had a higher oxygen consumption – 38 μg · g‒1 dry mass. Oxygen consumption decreases sharply as the content of the spent synthetic base mud fraction increases. A higher concentration of spent SBM (35 wt%) reduced the aerobic metabolism by slightly more than 50%. A high concentration of reduced carbon decreased the respiratory quotient (RQ) value to 0.7. All the researched drilling waste shows microbiological activity. At the full concentration of drilling fluids and non-dilution options, the chemical composition (salinity, inhibitors, etc.) strongly inhibits microbiota development and consequently, respiration. 34 A. Jamrozik, R. Żurek, A. Gonet, R. Wiśniowski Some organic polymers (starch, carboxymethyl cellulose) are easily decomposed by bacteria or fungi (Behera et al. 2014). In the course of drilling operations, drilling fluids and then spent drilling mud are in constant contact with bacteria, fungi and other organisms infecting this mud. This biological contamination is accidental. Only strong microorganisms which can adapt to the existing conditions will survive in a given drilling fluid. In this sense, the spent mud environment predetermines the organisms. Pioneer species, capable of surviving and using the resources of this specific environment, are selected. The colonization of soil-spent drilling mud mixes containing semi-natural and natural polymers e.g. starch, partially hydrolyzed acryloamide, guar gum, and cellulose, has been rarely analyzed. For this reason, we measured the effectiveness of microbiota survival on different types of spent drilling mud and in different dilutions. Experimental analysis Materials The following spent drilling mud types were analyzed: 1. WBM: bentonite (1), chloride-polymeric (2), polymeric-triple inhibited (3), potassium-polymeric (4), polymeric-chloride-inhibited (5), salt-barite (6),and 2. SBM (7). Bentonite mud – K-1/B (1) is an aqueous suspension containing minimum 5wt.% bentonite API. Prior to ","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72592496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of interlaboratory evaluation method of olfactometry in Japan","authors":"T. higuchi, K. Shigeoka","doi":"10.24425/119696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/119696","url":null,"abstract":"Odor measurement is a crucial element of odor management and regulation. In Japan, nationwide interlaboratory evaluation of olfactometry using a variety of test odorants started in 2002. In the interlaboratory tests, odor index, a sensory index of odor determined by the triangular odor bag method, is measured. In 2016, interlaboratory evaluation method of olfactometry was improved. Isoamyl acetate with a concentration of 50 ppm was used as a test odor, and a total of 128 olfactometry laboratories participated in the test. In this method, test results of 11 ‘excellent qualifi ed laboratories’ designated by the Japan Association on Odor Environment (JAOE) were used to determine reference value and repeatability and reproducibility standard deviations of odor index. On the bases of these statistical values, measurement results of each laboratory were evaluated, including trueness and precision. Among 127 evaluated laboratories, 87 laboratories (68%) conformed to both trueness and precision criteria. In the case of ‘qualifi ed odor measurement laboratories’ designated by the JAOE, 53 out of 68 laboratories (78%) conformed to both criteria. The qualifi ed odor measurement laboratories registration system of the JAOE contributes to the improvement of the quality of olfactometry laboratories and the reliability of odor measurement in Japan. Improvement of interlaboratory evaluation method of olfactometry in Japan 95 Reference value and repeatability and reproducibility standard deviations were, however, not necessarily appropriate, since they were determined using odor index measurement results of regular seven laboratories that participated in the interlaboratory comparison tests in 2000 and 2001. In this study, a new interlaboratory evaluation method of olfactometry developed in 2016 is introduced and discussed. In this method, test results of ‘excellent qualifi ed laboratories’ designated by the Japan Association on Odor Environment (JAOE) were used to determine reference value and repeatability and reproducibility standard deviations. Triangular odor bag method In several countries from Europe (EN 13725 2003) to North America (ASTM E679-04 2011), including Australia and New Zealand (AS/NZS 4323.3 2001), there are standardized methods used for the dynamic olfactometry analysis. These are dynamic air dilution methods for the determination of odor concentration. On the other hand, in several Asian countries, including Japan and China, the TOBM is used for odor evaluations (Brancher et al. 2017). TOBM is a static air dilution method by which odor concentration or odor index is determined. Odor concentration is the dilution ratio when odorous air is diluted by odor-free air in an odor bag until the odor becomes unperceivable. Odor index is the logarithm of odor concentration, multiplied by ten. TOBM was fi rst developed by the Tokyo metropolitan government in 1972 (Iwasaki et al. 1972, Iwasaki et al. 1978) and notifi ed by the Japan Environment Agency in","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74878921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-delayed effect of petroleum-derived products in soil and their bioremediation on plant – herbivore interaction","authors":"M. Rusin, J. Gospodarek, A. Nadgórska-Socha","doi":"10.24425/AEP.2021.138465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/AEP.2021.138465","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to determine the time-delayed (after three years from the moment of soil pollution) effect of petroleum-derived products (PDPs) (petrol, diesel fuel and used engine oil) on the interaction between selected host plant (broad bean) and a herbivorous insect closely related to it (Sitona spp.). We assessed the condition of the plant exposed to pollutants (i.e. its growth and chemical composition), then we evaluated the attractiveness of the plant for both larvae and adults of the insect. The evaluation covered also the effect of bioremediation by using ZB-01 biopreparation. The results showed that after 3 years from soil contamination, engine oil and diesel fuel limited the feeding of adult sitona weevils while petrol caused increase in the attractiveness of plants for these insects. The PDPs negatively affected the growth of plants. The changes in element content depended on the type of pollutant. The biopreparation ZB-01 eliminated or reduced the differences caused by the presence of PDPs in the soil regarding the chemical composition of the host plant, and limited feeding by both the larvae and adult individuals of sitona weevils. The negative relationships between the contents of both some macroelements (Mg, S) and heavy metals (Zn, Ni), and feeding of imago of Sitona were observed. The obtained results indicate that PDPs remain for a long time in the environment and adversely affect not only the organisms directly exposed to the pollution – plants growing on polluted soil but also further links of the trophic chain, i.e. herbivores. List of abbreviations used at work: PDPs – petroleum-derived products EO – soil contaminated with engine oil, DF – soil contaminated with diesel fuel, P – soil contaminated with petrol, C – control soil, 0R – without bioremediation, R – with bioremediation ZB-01 – the name of the biopreparation used TPH – total petroleum hydrocarbons 72 M. Rusin, J. Gospodarek, A. Nagórska-Socha The effects of PDPs on the growth and development of plants and soil organisms exposed directly to the contact with pollutants are relatively well known (Pennings et al. 2014, Grifoni et al. 2020), but there is very scarce information about indirect effects of these compounds from polluted soil through plants to the subsequent links of trophic chain i.e. phytophagous insects. The results of studies on the impact of different oil concentrations on herbivory invertebrates (grass shrimp Palaemonete spugio and amphipods Gammarus mucronatus) of water plant (Ruppia maritima) suggest a significant and indirect influence of pollutants (Martin and Swenson 2018). Changes in the composition of the host plant due to oil-exposure affected the food preferences of herbivores as well as the amount of food they eat. However, no similar data are available on the effects of PDPs on terrestrial herbivores, which is the purpose of this experiment. Because of their diversity, easy collection and breeding, great fertility, and the short per","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74974905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial and chemical quality assessment of the small rivers entering the South Baltic. Part II: Case study on the watercourses in the Puck Bay catchment area","authors":"E. Bączkowska, A. Kalinowska, Oskar Ronda, K. Jankowska, Rafał Bray, Bartosz Płóciennik, Ż. Polkowska","doi":"10.24425/aep.2022.140545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2022.140545","url":null,"abstract":": Due to its location, Puck Bay is an area particularly vulnerable to pollution of anthropogenic origin. The aim of the study was to assess the water quality of small watercourses entering the inner part of Puck Bay. The paper presents the results of chemical and microbiological analyses of 10 rivers and canals at their estuaries located on the western shore of the internal Puck Bay. The following environmental parameters were analyzed: conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration (in situ measurements), COD (cuvette tests), concentrations of ions (ion chromatography). Microbiological analysis included assessment of sanitary condition based on the number of fecal coliforms by a cultivation method. The determination of basic microbiological parameters such as: prokaryotic cell abundance expressed as total cells number (TCN), prokaryotic cell biovolume expressed as average cell volume (ACV), the prokaryotic biomass (PB) and prokaryotic cell morphotype diversity were determined using epifluorescence microscopy method. Based on the obtained","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75078242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of response surface methodology to improve methane production from jerusalem artichoke straw","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/aep.2022.142691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2022.142691","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77164713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of PM2.5 hourly concentrations in Beijing based on machine learning algorithm and ground-based LiDAR","authors":"Zhiyuan Fang, Hao Yang, Cheng Li, Liangliang Cheng, Ming Zhao, Chenbo Xie","doi":"10.24425/aep.2021.138468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2021.138468","url":null,"abstract":"The prediction of PM2.5 is important for environmental forecasting and air pollution control. In this study, four machine learning methods, ground-based LiDAR data and meteorological data were used to predict the ground-level PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing. Among the four methods, the random forest (RF) method was the most effective in predicting ground-level PM2.5 concentrations. Compared with BP neural network, support vector machine (SVM), and various linear fitting methods, the accuracy of the RF method was superior by 10%. The method can describe the spatial and temporal variation in PM2.5 concentrations under different meteorological conditions, with low root mean square error (RMSE) and mean square deviation (MD), and the consistency index (IA) reached 99.69%. Under different weather conditions, the hourly variation in PM2.5 concentrations has a good descriptive ability. In this paper, we analyzed the weights of input variables in the RF method, constructed a pollution case to correspond to the relationship between input variables and PM2.5, and analyzed the sources of pollutants via HYSPLIT backward trajectory. This method can study the interaction between PM2.5 and air pollution variables, and provide new ideas for preventing and forecasting air pollution.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77875056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of selected pesticides with mineral and organic soil components","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/aep.2020.134538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2020.134538","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76472250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution of the water exchange through river cross-section – measurements and the numerical model","authors":"Maria Grodzka-Łukaszewska, Zofi, Grzegorz Pawlak, Sinicyn","doi":"10.24425/aep.2021.136450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2021.136450","url":null,"abstract":": The aspects of surface stability and groundwater exchange recognized by many researchers due to the intensification of agriculture and industry (manifested in, e.g., regulation and dredging of riverbed sediments of rivers) are now widely discussed on the international forum of water policy and management. It is essential to assess the spatial variability of water exchange through the river length and cross sections for the preparation of data and calculation of the groundwater flow model. This article presents research which describes the spatial distribution of the surface water-groundwater interaction within the river cross-section. Two measurement series were carried out to describe its variability. Additionally, a groundwater flow model was","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75850227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the FAPPS system based on the CALPUFF model in short-term air pollution forecasting in Krakow and Lesser Poland","authors":"J. Godłowska, Kamil Kaszowski, W. Kaszowski","doi":"10.24425/aep.2022.142695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2022.142695","url":null,"abstract":": The aim of the study is to present the FAPPS (Forecasting of Air Pollution Propagation System) based on the CALPUFF puff dispersion model, used for short-term air quality forecasting in Krakow and Lesser Poland. The article presents two methods of operational air quality forecasting in Krakow. The quality of forecasts was assessed on the basis of PM 10 concentrations measured at eight air quality monitoring stations in 2019 in Krakow. Apart from the standard quantitative forecast, a qualitative forecast was presented, specifying the percentage shares of the city area with PM 10 concentrations in six concentration classes. For both methods, it was shown how the adjustment of the emissions in the FAPPS system to changes in emissions related to the systemic elimination of coal furnaces in Krakow influenced the quality of forecasts. For standard forecasts, after the emission change on June 7, 2019, the average RMSE value decreased from 23.9 μg/m 3 to 14.9 μg/m 3 , the average FB value changed from -0.200 to -0.063, and the share of correct forecasts increased from 0.74 to 0.91. For qualitative forecasts, for the entire year 2019 and separately for the periods from January to March and October to December, Hit Rate values of 5.43, 2.18 and 3.48 were obtained, the False Alarm Ratios were 0.28, 0.24 and 0,26, and the Probability of Detection values were 0.66, 0.75, and 0.74. The presented results show that the FAPPS system is a useful tool for modelling air pollution in urbanized and industrialized areas with complex terrain.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81466079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}