Archives of Environmental Protection最新文献

{"title":"Study of catalytic processes for biodiesel production wastewater treatment","authors":"T. Borralho, Solange Coelho, Andreia Estrelo","doi":"10.24425/aep.2019.127981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2019.127981","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the possibility of removing organic compounds from wastewater originating from the biodiesel purifi cation stage by two catalytic processes, HSO5 -/transition metal and Fenton method has been presented. The source of the ion HSO5 is potassium monopersulphate (2KHSO5∙KHSO4∙K2SO4) (Oxone) that may be decomposed into radicals (OH., SO4 -., SO5 -.) by means of transition metal as Co (II). Different concentrations were used for both compounds and the combination ([Co2+] =1.00μM/[HSO5 -] =5.00×10-2 M) achieved the highest COD removal (60%) and complete decomposition of the oxidant was verifi ed for contact times of 45 min. This process has some advantages comparing to the conventional Fenton method such as the absence of the costly pH adjustment and the Fe(III) hydroxide sludge which characterize this treatment process. The Fenton process showed that the combination of [H2O2] =2.00M/[Fe 2+] = 0.70 M was the best and archived COD removal of 80%. The treatments studied in this research have achieved high COD removal, but the wastewater from the biodiesel purifi cation stage presents very high parametric values of Chemical Oxygen Demand (667,000 mgO2/L), so the fi nal COD concentration reached is still above the emission limit of discharge in surface water, according the Portuguese Law (Decree-Law 236/98). However, both treatments have proved to be feasible techniques for the pre-oxidation of the wastewater under study and can be considered as a suitable pre-treatment for this type of wastewaters. A rough economic analysis of both processes was, also, made. Archives vol 45 no 2 a4 srodki.indd 66 2019-05-09 14:53:01 Study of catalytic processes for biodiesel production wastewater treatment 67 2012, Chi et al. 2016, Wang and Chu 2012) thereby providing mechanisms for reaction with some advantages comparing to hydroxyl radicals (Hu and Long 2016, Oh et al. 2016). Oxone can also be decomposed into radicals by means of transition metals, such as Co (II), Ru (II) and Mn (II) (Rivas et al. 2012), according Eqs.1, 2 and 3: HSO5 + M n+ → SO4 .+M(n+1) + + OH(Eq. 1) HSO5 + M n+ → SO4 +M(n+1) + + OH. (Eq. 2) HSO5 + M n+ → SO5 +M(n+1) + + H+ (Eq. 3) M = Co (II), Ru (II) or Mn (II) Co (II) has been reported as one of the most effective metal catalysts for the activation of HSO5 promoting a radical sulphate complex mechanism (Rivas et al. 2012, Sun et al. 2009). So, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of two catalytic treatments based in advanced oxidation processes; the traditional Fenton process and the emerging treatment that uses the compound monopersulphate (HSO5 -) on the removal of wastewater COD from the biodiesel purifi cation stage. Several combinations of the amounts of oxidant/catalyst have been investigated and optimum conditions assessed. Materials and methods Materials and chemical reagents Table 1 summarises the physicochemical characteristics of the biodiesel wastewater used, provided by PRIO (Prio Energy Co). T","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88389955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: problematic emerging pollutants of aquatic environment","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/aep.2020.134531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2020.134531","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"386 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75544128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oily wastewater treatment using a zirconia ceramic membrane – a literature review","authors":"M. Kryłów, J. Kwaśny, W. Balcerzak","doi":"10.24425/AEP.2018.122293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/AEP.2018.122293","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this article was to review the literature which discusses the problem of oily wastewater purifi cation by membrane fi ltration. The authors focused on membranes containing zirconium compounds, mainly ZrO2, used in pressure driven membrane processes. The effi ciency of the oil removal processes for various membranes (ceramic and composite), usually above 95% for the oil contaminated sewage, was compared. The infl uence of zirconium compounds on the properties of ceramic membranes was also discussed. The methods of producing ceramic membranes have been briefl y characterized as well. Ceramic membranes are usually obtained by sol-gel technique but also by isostatic compression, reverse phase technique, or hydrothermal crystallization. Ceramic membranes are formed with zirconia, which cause an increase in fi ltration effi ciency by improvement of hydrophilic properties of the membrane. Moreover, the addition of ZrO2 results in increased chemical and hydrothermal membrane stability. The effi ciency of the fi ltration processes using the presented membranes was high, suggesting that membrane fi ltration processes are highly effective purifi cation methods.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78510020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Odors and ammonia emission from a mechanically ventilated fattening piggery on deep litter in Poland","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/aep.2022.140769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2022.140769","url":null,"abstract":"selected","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79580848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of different municipal sewage sludge products for potential ecotoxicity","authors":"A. Borgulat, A. Zgórska, M. Głodniok","doi":"10.24425/aep.2022.140548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2022.140548","url":null,"abstract":"in them. However, as they have impurities in their composition, they should be pre-tested toxicologically. The aim of this study was the ecotoxicological evaluation of experimental fertilizer products and a reclamation blend. These products were studied for the first time, so there is lack of international literature on the subject. The effect of applied fertilizer products on the improvement of soil fertilizing properties was assessed based on national standards using higher plants indicated as target bioindicators in European guidelines (OECD/ OCDE 208). The bioassays planned for this study include phytotoxicity tests to assess soil quality following the application of fertilizers made from sewage sludge, based on modified procedures described in PN-EN ISO 11269-2:2013 and PN-EN ISO 11269-1:2013-06, used to assess the potentially toxic effects of chemical compounds on root growth, and emergence, early growth and development stages of various land plants. White mustard ( Sinapis alba L.) was used in the ecotoxicological assessment – a plant with a wide range of applications in the feed, chemical, cosmetic,","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"276 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83515301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the quality of shallow groundwater in agriculturally used catchment in the Wiśnickie Foothills (Southern Poland)","authors":"Anna Bojarczuk, Ewelina Jelonkiewicz, Ł. Jelonkiewicz, A. Lenart-Boroń","doi":"10.24425/aep.2019.126420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2019.126420","url":null,"abstract":": The aim of this study was to examine the changes in the chemical composition of shallow groundwater and its quality that have occurred in the last decade in an agriculturally used, heavily populated and characterized by a complex geological structure, catchment of the Stara Rzeka river, located in the fl ysch part of the Outer Carpathians. Water samples were collected during 2013 from 19 still operating wells. Analyses of pH, electrolytic conductivity and chemical composition by ion chromatography were conducted. The obtained results were compared with the results of studies conducted in 2003 for the same wells. The quality of groundwater and its suitability for consumption was assessed based on the regulations currently existing in Poland. 21% of the wells still do not meet the requirements for drinking water in terms of at least one component. However, there was a decrease in the concentration of mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in most of the wells and their mean concentration as compared to 2003 was reduced. In terms of physical and chemical characteristics groundwater of this region is typical of the hypergenic zone of the temperate climate. The highest concentrations were observed for Ca 2+ and HCO 3- ions, while K + and Cl - were characterized by the largest variability. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrated that the factors determining the quality and chemical composition of the analyzed waters include the composition of bedrock (mineralogy of the rock environment) and human economic activity, and that they have not been signi fi cantly changed over the past decade.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84386900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Modified Primary Swirl Sedimentation Tanks in Waste Liquids Treatment Plant: Liquid Viscosity Effect","authors":"M. Markowska, M. Ochowiak, S. Włodarczak, M. Matuszak","doi":"10.24425/AEP.2020.134534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/AEP.2020.134534","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses design, evaluation, and application for the use of swirl/vortex technologies as liquid purifi cation system. A study was performed using modifi ed swirl sedimentation tanks. The vortex separators containing baffl e have been studied under laboratory conditions at hydraulic load from 21 to 64 [m3/(m2·h)]. Analyzed disperser phases were municipal water and glycerol solutions of varying concentration. The pressure drop and the effi ciency of purifi cation of liquid stream were analyzed. The suspended particles of diff erent diameters were successfully removed from liquid with the application of swirl chambers of proposed constructions. It was found that damming of liquid in the tank increases alongside liquid stream at the inlet and depends on the tank construction. The effi ciency of the sedimentation tanks increases alongside the diameters of solid particles and decrease in the liquid fl ow rate. The best construction proved to be the one where baffl e is located in the middle of inand outlet due to the highest effi ciency of the purifi cation liquid stream for solid particles of the smallest diameter. The proposed solution is an alternative to the constructions of heavy fraction separators. The Modifi ed Primary Swirl Sedimentation Tanks in Waste Liquids Treatment Plant: Liquid Viscosity Effect 43 petroleum derivatives. Oil and water dividing is proceed due to the phenomenon of gravitational separation, which is enhanced by the phenomenon of coalescence (Ecol-Unicon 2018, Szulc 2018). Hydrodynamic settling tanks are used at small gross covered area with wastewater fl ow containing a lot amount of sand. Their construction uses drainage catch pit, usually made of polyethylene that eff ects on blocking out smaller particles inside the vertical part (EcoBlue 2013, Wavin 2015). Horizontal tanks are simple constructed devices made of modular reinforced concrete retention tanks or can be installed as separate chambers with pre-treatment system. Liquid purifi cation occurs as the eff ect of holding the sewers conditions of slower fl ow rate. They can operate as a single device or be a part of pre-treatment system. Horizontal settling tanks can be used in overrun areas, like roads or car parkings (Ecol-Unicon 2016, Nixor 2018, Pur Aqua System 2018). Relatively new type of separator is swirl settling tank, where despite of gravity force presence, there is also a centrifugal force. They are characterized by high effi ciency of suspension separation at high hydraulic load. In addition, they have smaller sizes than other types of settling tank, and with circular, narrow body comes gross covered area arrangement, which is an advantage. Directional defl ector or tangential placement of inlet port aff ects the rotary movement of liquid inside the device. The purpose of swirling fl ow is to gain longer way for particles to precipitate with relatively small tank construction need (Ecol-Unicon 2016, Ecol-Unicon 2018, Pur Aqua System 2018). As w","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81436114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the average rate of changes in atmospheric CO emissions in OECD countries","authors":"K. Adamowicz","doi":"10.24425/118186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/118186","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73570896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The improving influence of laser stimulation on phytoremediation capabilities of selected Silene vulgaris ecotypes","authors":"A. Koszelnik-Leszek, H. Szajsner, M. Podlaska","doi":"10.24425/AEP.2019.128644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/AEP.2019.128644","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the paper is to improve the phytoremediation features of the metallophyte Silene vulgaris through photo-stimulation of seeds using a semi-conductive laser. Seeds of two Silene vulgaris ecotypes were used in the experiment. One type of seeds – “Wiry” ecotype – originated from a site contaminated with heavy metals (a serpentinite waste heap), and the other ecotype – “Gajków” – was collected on a site with naturally low heavy metal content. The seeds of both types were preconditioned with laser light with previously fi xed doses: C(D0), D1, D3, D5, D7, D9. The basic radiation dose was 2.5·10-1 J∙cm-2. The soil for the experiment was serpentinite weathering waste. The seeds and plants were cultivated in the controlled conditions of a climatic chamber. Laser light indeed stimulated seed germinative capacity but better effects were obtained in “Wiry” ecotype, originating from a location contaminated with heavy metals. In the case of morphological features, a signifi cant differentiation of stem length was found for different ecotypes, dosages and the interactions of these factors. The study showed a strong infl uence of laser radiation on selected element concentrations in above-ground parts of Silene vulgaris, though “Wiry” ecotype clearly accumulated more heavy metals and magnesium than the “Gajków” ecotype. 80 A. Koszelnik-Leszek, H. Szajsner, M. Podlaska General characteristics of selected Silene vulgaris ecotypes and their habitats The “Gajków” (non metallicolous) ecotype originates from a natural habitat in the village Gajków located to the south-east of Wrocław (51°3′25.021 ̋N, 17°11′9.415 ̋E). The “Wiry” (serpentine) ecotype grows on a small post-mining serpentinite heap near a village called Wiry located close to the western slopes of Mount Ślęża (50°50′12.773 ̋N, 16°37′3.724 ̋E). Serpentinites are peculiar rocks whose occurrence in Poland is limited to Lower Silesia (Żołnierz 2007). The particular chemistry of serpentinites, formed through transformed ultra-alkali intrusive rocks, results in unique soil rich in magnesium and low in calcium (low Ca:Mg ratio), and additionally rich in Ni, Cr and Co in values exceeding noted values from other Lower Silesian soils (Żołnierz 2007). Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke is a perennial plant from the Caryophyllaceae family. The species is commonly found in Europe, northern Africa, Asia and both Americas (Koszelnik-Leszek and Bielecki 2013). In Poland the species occurs on grasslands, fi elds and in forests, but it can also be found in synanthropic plant communities as an element of ruderal habitats such as serpentinite or calamine heaps or other post-mining areas (Koszelnik-Leszek and Bielecki 2013). Silene vulgaris is a bioindicator of heavy metal contamination and its presence has been recorded in areas both naturally rich in heavy metals and contaminated by human activity (Bratteler et al. 2002, Kazakou et al. 2010, Koszelnik-Leszek and Bielecki 2013, Nadgórska-Socha et al. 2011, Rostański e","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77808613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative effect of phyto-ash and biogas digestate improvers on soil contaminated with heavy metals","authors":"J. Diatta, W. Grzebisz, Z. Bzowski, W. Spychalski, M. Biber","doi":"10.24425/aep.2019.127982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2019.127982","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81824451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}