Archives of Environmental Protection最新文献

{"title":"Alginate-laccase beads in the decolourization of indigo carmine","authors":"Małgorzata Białowąs, Beata Kończak, Stanisław Chałupnik, Joanna Kalka, Magdalena Cempa","doi":"10.24425/aep.2024.149431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2024.149431","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of utilizing sodium alginate biopolymer as animmobilization carrier for laccase in the removal of indigo carmine (IC), an anionic dye. The main goal of this work was to optimize the decolourization process by selecting the appropriate immobilized enzyme dose per 1 mg of dye, as well as the process temperature. The effective immobilization of laccase using sodium alginate as a carrier was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. An analysis of the size and geometric parameters of the alginate beads was also carried out. Tests of IC decolourization using alginate-laccase beads were conducted. Applying the most effective dose of the enzyme (320 mg of enzyme/1 mg of IC) made it possible to remove 92.5% of the dye over 40 days. The optimal temperature for the IC decolourization process, using laccase immobilized on sodium alginate, was established at 30-40ºC. The obtained results indicate that laccase from Trametes versicolor immobilized on sodium alginate was capable of decolourizing the tested dye primarily based on mechanism of biocatalysis.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of fermentation modes on the efficiency of organic waste treatment in batch bioreactors","authors":"V. Hovorukha","doi":"10.24425/aep.2024.149434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2024.149434","url":null,"abstract":"The amount of solid organic waste is constantly growing. This is caused by the growth of industrial and agricultural capacities, and the inefficiency of existing waste processing technologies. Biotechnologies can provide effective environmentally friendly solutions for waste treatment. Therefore, the goal of our work was to compare the efficiency of strictly anaerobic fermentation of multi-component solid organic waste with hydrogen synthesis and waste treatment with pulsed air access in batch bioreactors.During fermentation, the following parameters were controlled: pH, redox potential (Eh), concentration of dissolved organics, and the content of H2, O2, and CO2 in the gas phase. The efficiency was evaluated via the process duration, calculation of the ratio of the initial and final weight of waste (Кd), and the yield of molecular hydrogen. Obtained results revealed high efficiency of organic waste degradation in both variants. The weight of waste 83-fold and 86-fold decreased, respectively. The time required for fermentation in strictly anaerobic conditions was 4 days, whereas 7 days were required for the mode with pulsed air access. The first variant provided a 2.8-fold higher hydrogen yield (54±4,1 L/kg of waste), and the second one provided a decrease in the concentration of dissolved organic compounds in the fermentation fluid. Fermentation is the effective approach for accelerated degradation of solid organic waste. Strictly anaerobic fermentation appeared to be useful in the need to accelerate the process. The mode with the pulsed air access can provide not only degradation of solid waste but also purification of the fermentation fluid.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical model for simulating the hydraulic parameters of the aeration system ensuring equal oxygenation of the compost heap","authors":"R. Sidełko, D. Boruszko","doi":"10.24425/aep.2024.149435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2024.149435","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work was to develop a mathematical model using equations of fluid mechanics that describe the dynamics of air flow in a part of the compost aerating system integrated with a stationary reactor. The results of the simulation show that adjusting the flow resistance along the entire length of the compost aerating duct, depending on the distance from the connection of the duct with the fan's pressure conduit pipe through gradually increasing the air outflow area by increasing the number of repeatable gaps, yields a uniform pressure distribution above the grate. The process parameters used for computation were relevant to composting a subscreen fraction separated from mixed municipal waste using 80 mm mesh screen (Fr<80 mm) under real conditions. Microsoft EXCEL 2010 software and STATISTICA version 13.3 by StatSoft were used for numerical and statistical analysis of the test results. The research results are presented in four tables and five figures and discussed in the text of the article. During tests performed in real conditions, various variants were tested for reactor filling level and air outflow active surfaces in subsequent grate parts (Fc (i)). It was found that the target waste layer thickness i.e. 3.0 m and Fc (i) changes, in accordance with the values of the developed model, result in a stable pressure distribution pd, amounting to 1506 Pa and 1495 Pa at the grate front and end part.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The trend of changes in soil organic carbon content in Poland over recent years","authors":"Paulina Bogusz, Urszula Zimnoch, Marzena Sylwia Brodowska, Jacek Michalak","doi":"10.24425/aep.2024.149430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2024.149430","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes soil organic carbon (SOC) content of in Poland from 2015 to 2021. The research aims to determine SOC levels and their dependence on soil agronomic categories and drought intensity. Soil samples from 1011 farms across 8 Polish voivodships were collected for analysis, all from the same agricultural plots. SOC determination was conducted using the Tiurin method. The results indicate a low SOC content nationwide (0.85-2.35%). Heavy soils exhibited higher SOC accumulation compared to light soils. Moreover, significant drought impact led to decreased SOC content in affected regions. Scientific evidence underscores a declining trend in organic carbon stock within agricultural soils, attributed to natural soil changes and unsustainable management practices. This decline is concerning given the crucial role of SOC in soil health, quality, and crop productivity. Therefore, it is imperative to monitor and address areas with low SOC levels to enhance SOC abundance. Furthermore, when used as a whole-cell biocatalyst in a low-cost upflow MFC, the Morganella morganii-rich SF11 consortium demonstrated the highest voltage and power density of 964.93±1.86 mV and 0.56±0.00 W/m3, respectively. These results suggest that the SF11 bacterial consortium has the potential for use in ceramic separator MFCs for the removal of penicillin and electricity generation.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of cold island effect in city parks from the perspectives of maximum and cumulative values – a case study of Xi'an City","authors":"Yao Zhang, Qian Wang, Yaqian Kong, Jing Quan, Yuxin Zhang, Yongjian Zhang","doi":"10.24425/aep.2024.149436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2024.149436","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous process of urbanization and climate change has led to severe urban heat island (UHI) effects. Constructing parks with cooling capabilities is considered an effective measure to alleviate UHI effects. However, most studies only quantify the cooling effect from a maximum value perspective, lacking a measure of temperature diffusion in space. This study combines the perspectives of maximum value and accumulation to define a cold island index, quantifying the cooling effect of 40 urban parks in the main urban area of Xi'an city. The results show that, on average, urban parks can reduce the surrounding environment by approximately 2.3℃, with a cooling range of about 127.1ha, which is three times the park area. Different factors drive the measurement of the cooling effect using different cold island indexes, but all indexes are highly correlated with green space area. There are significant differences in the cooling effect among different types of parks, and overall, ecological parks have the best cooling effect. The directional spread of internal cold islands in parks is most related to park shape, while external spread is related to surrounding green spaces. The research results have practical value in the construction of parks with cooling effects and the sustainable development of cities in urban planning processes..","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of solidified carbon dioxide to anaerobic co-digestion of municipal sewage sludge and orange peel waste","authors":"A. Szaja, I. Bartkowska","doi":"10.24425/aep.2024.149433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2024.149433","url":null,"abstract":"The waste production is closely related with human activity. Various approaches have been applied to manage and reduce its increasing volume (Paranjpe et al. 2023). One of the possibilities that comply with the assumptions of circular economy is utilization of wastes in anaerobic digestion (AD) process. This technology is common worldwide and it is recognized as the cost-effective methods of energy generation that also allow for nutrient recovery, as well as effective waste management (Alharbi et al. 2023). The biogas generated within this process is considered as a multifunctional renewable source that might be a promising alternative to the depleting traditional fuels. It finds various applications such as heat and power generation, fuel in automobiles, and substrate in chemical industry (Shitophyta et al. 2022, Pradeshwaran 2024). Typically, biogas contains 50–70% of CH4, 30–50% of CO2, and 1–10% of other trace gases like H2, H2S, CO, N2. Its composition mainly depends on the feedstock characteristics, operational conditions, and adopted technology (Gani et al. 2023, Archana et al. 2024). Considering further application, the priority action should be increasing its volume and methane content. There are several strategies to achieve these goals, including implementing codigestion strategy, adding additional component to the main substrate, introducing trace elements essential in AD, pretreatment strategies, and introducing enzymes and microbial strains to digesters (Zhang et al. 2019). Each method has limits related to the implementation costs, changes in the adopted technology, operator training needs, and additional energy input, which might negatively influence the energy balance of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) (Meng et al. 2022). Therefore, recent scientific attention has focused on combining various strategies to achieve intended goals. Moreover, such combinations might allow for an effective utilization of various wastes, the earlier use of which in AD was difficult. Orange waste could be an example of such a substrate. The previous studies indicated that its application in AD resulted in poor process efficiency, mainly due to the presence of limonene, recognized as the main inhibitor of biological activity (Calabro et al. 2020, Bouaita et al. 2022). In this study, the novel concept of implementing solidified carbon dioxide (SCO2) in the anaerobic co-digestion of municipal sewage sludge (SS) and orange peel waste (OPW) has been proposed. This approach may help overcome the disadvantages of the two-component AD of these wastes. Importantly, such studies have not been conducted thus far. However, the recent studies indicated that application of SCO2 to aerobic granular sludge improved biogas and methane yields and also enhanced the kinetics of biogas production (Kazimierowicz et al. 2023 a,b). Importantly, SCO2 might be generated in biogas upgrading technologies (Yousef 2019). Such solution is consistent with the principles of the ci","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140258039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peganum Harmala L. plant as green non-toxic adsorbent for iron removal from water","authors":"R. Alsaiari, Iman Shedaiwa, Fatima A. Al-Qadri, E. M. Musa, Huda Alqahtani, Faeza Alkorbi, Norah A. Alsaiari, Mervate M Mohamed","doi":"10.24425/aep.2024.149894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2024.149894","url":null,"abstract":"The present work focuses on examining the batch removal of Fe (III) from water using powdered Peganum Harmala seeds, characterized as FT-IR. In this work, several parameters are measured, including contact time, pH, Fe (III) concentration, reaction temperature effect, and adsorbent dose effect. Fe (III) adsorption was assessed using a UV-vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 620 nm. The findings demonstrated a positive correlation between the dosage of adsorbent and Fe (III) ions removal, with an increase in the adsorbent dose corresponding to higher elimination of Fe (III) ions. Therefore, the Langmuir isotherm model yielded more accurate equilibrium data compared to the Frendulich model. The kinetic data were mostly analyzed using a pseudo-second-order model rather than a pseudo-first-order model. Thermodynamic parameters, including enthalpy (ΔH◦), entropy (ΔS◦), and free energy (ΔG◦), were calculated. The adsorption process was found to be exothermic. Overall, Peganum Harmala was a favorable adsorbent for removing Fe (III) from aqueous solutions.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric and visual analysis of heavy metal health risk assessment: development, hotspots and trends","authors":"Yingsen Zhang, Xinwei Lu, Sijia Deng, Tong Zhu, Bo Yu","doi":"10.24425/aep.2024.149432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2024.149432","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the widespread presence and harmfulness of heavy metals in the environment, scholars around the world have evaluated the exposure characteristics and health risks of heavy metals. To understand the status, hotspots, and development treads of heavy metal health risk assessment research, we used bibliometric analysis tools to conduct scientometric analysis of the literature related to the health risk assessment of heavy metals in the Web of Science database from 2000 to 2022. The analysis results indicate that research related to heavy metal health risk assessment is rapidly developing in both developed and developing countries. China’s significant international influence in this field is worth noting, as there are many publications and highly cited documents related to China. France and other developed countries also play an important role in this field due to their high centrality and strong bursts. The results of co-citation cluster analysis and keyword co-occurrence analysis indicate that in the past two decades, the primary research domains and hotspots of heavy metal health risk assessment have been the study of heavy metals in soil, dust, drinking water, vegetables, fish, and sediment. There is a specific focus on bioaccumulation, bioavailability, source apportionment, and spatial distribution of heavy metals. The main types of heavy metals studied are lead, cadmium, mercury, and zinc. The results of the bursts keywords analysis suggest that future research trends may focus more on the health risks of heavy metals in different functional areas of cities.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the feasibility of using biopolymers of different viscosities as immobilization carriers for laccase in synthetic dye removal","authors":"Małgorzata Białowąs, Beata Kończak, Stanisław Chałupnik, Joanna Kalka","doi":"10.24425/aep.2024.149429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2024.149429","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of using biopolymers of different viscosities (high, medium and low viscosity) as immobilization carriers for laccase in synthetic dye removal. The following dye solutions were decolorized: indigo carmine (IC, anionic dye), methylene blue (MB, cationic dye), and their mixture in a molar mass ratio MB/IC=0.69, using biopolymers of different viscosities as laccase immobilization carriers. Toxicity tests were also carried out to assess the toxicity of the post-decolorization samples. Decolorization tests showed that the main decolorization mechanism depends on the dye class. The removal of IC (max. total removal efficiency 72.15%) was mainly by biocatalysis. The mechanism of the MB decolorization process was mainly by sorption on alginate beads, and the efficiency of enzymatic removal was low. However, the highest efficiency of MB decolorization (45.80%) was obtained for beads prepared using the high viscosity alginate when decolorization occurred by both sorption and biocatalysis. The results of mixture decolorization tests differ from the results obtained for single dyes.The results showed differences in the efficiency of the dye sorption process depending on the alginate used for immobilization. Moreover, the varying mechanisms of dye removal from the dye mixture were confirmed by toxicity tests. The occurrence of both biocatalysis and sorption promotes reduced toxicity","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical stability and sanitary properties of pelletized organo-mineral waste-derived fertilizer","authors":"Justyna Lalak-Kańczugowska, Agnieszka Kasprzycka, Jerzy Tys, Mariola Chmielewska, Małgorzata Pawłowska","doi":"10.24425/aep.2018.122284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2018.122284","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135634703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}