Genetics最新文献_第3页

A unified framework governing the establishment and maintenance of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. 管理跨代表观遗传的建立和维持的统一框架。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Genetics Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaf106

Rachel M Woodhouse, Natalya Frolows, Dhruv S Monteiro, Jessica J Hawes, Azelle Hawdon, Michael Davies, Owen Watson, Victoria S Lennox, Alyson Ashe

{"title":"A unified framework governing the establishment and maintenance of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.","authors":"Rachel M Woodhouse, Natalya Frolows, Dhruv S Monteiro, Jessica J Hawes, Azelle Hawdon, Michael Davies, Owen Watson, Victoria S Lennox, Alyson Ashe","doi":"10.1093/genetics/iyaf106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaf106","url":null,"abstract":"Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance (TEI) is the transfer of non-genetic information between generations. In Caenorhabditis elegans, RNA interference (RNAi) is a conserved process initiated by double-stranded RNA which can induce TEI. While many factors have been implicated in TEI, whether they act in establishment or maintenance of the transgenerational signal, and the generation in which they act, has not been defined. Here we characterise the actions of glh-1, hrde-1, -2, -4, morc-1, nrde-1, -2, -4, set-25, -32, wago-1, -4, znfx-1, pup-1 and emb-4 within RNAi-induced TEI. We show that these genes can be classified into three groups: those involved in only establishment or maintenance, or those involved in both. We identify a heterochromatin-based pathway established in the P0 generation by histone methyltransferases and maintained in later generations by MORC-1, upstream of HRDE-1-dependent silencing. By investigating lineage dynamics, we provide evidence that inheritance patterns are partially determined in RNAi-exposed parents, but that variation between offspring also contributes. And finally, we demonstrate that polyUG RNAs broadly correlate with, but do not define, inheritance patterns. Together, this work forms a cohesive model of RNAi-induced TEI.","PeriodicalId":48925,"journal":{"name":"Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The shape of discovery: a journey through genetics, coevolution, and a scientific life. 发现的形式：遗传学，共同进化和科学生活的旅程。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Genetics Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaf096

Noah K Whiteman

引用次数: 0

There's never been a better time to be a STEM educator. 现在是成为一名STEM教育工作者的最佳时机。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Genetics Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaf090

Jason Williams

{"title":"There's never been a better time to be a STEM educator.","authors":"Jason Williams","doi":"10.1093/genetics/iyaf090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaf090","url":null,"abstract":"From its current vantage point, the future of US STEM education may appear bleak. Yet STEM education's strength and importance have never been greater, and evidence points to a bright future. This case can be made by drawing on the United State's identity as the world's most entrepreneurial nation. The optimistic outlook for STEM education is framed here through the lens of product-market fit-an economics concept describing how well-aligned products and market forces can generate self-sustaining demand. An analysis of these forces suggests that US STEM education has not only achieved this fit but surpassed it. The nation's strategic interests drive unmet demand for a well-prepared STEM workforce. Course-based research and inquiry-based teaching offer a superior educational model that can scale nationally. Life sciences, in particular, can combine broad student reach with low-cost DNA sequencing to create a multidisciplinary platform for education and research. As a grateful recipient of the Genetics Society of America's Elizabeth W. Jones Award, I reflect on how the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory DNA Learning Center (DNALC) has operated at the intersection of these forces-developing infrastructure and approaches that are widely adopted and poised for expanded distribution. Meeting the nation's urgent need requires bold investment and broad engagement. By seizing this moment, we can make now the best time to be a STEM educator.","PeriodicalId":48925,"journal":{"name":"Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The bur1-107 mutant delays G1/S transition and alleviates hydroxyurea sensitivity in checkpoint-deficient yeast. bur1-107突变体延迟G1/S转变，减轻了检查点缺陷酵母的羟基脲敏感性。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Genetics Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaf104

Stefany Cristine Rodrigues da Silva, Francisco Meirelles Bastos de Oliveira

引用次数: 0

Correction to: How the concentric organization of the nucleolus and chromatin ensures accuracy of ribosome biogenesis and drives transport. 更正：核仁和染色质的同心组织如何确保核糖体生物发生的准确性并驱动运输。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Genetics Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaf093

引用次数: 0

Gut length evolved under sexual conflict in Lake Malawi cichlids. 马拉维湖慈鲷的肠长在性冲突中进化。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Genetics Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaf102

Aldo Carmona Baez, Patrick J Ciccotto, Emily C Moore, Erin N Peterson, Melissa S Lamm, Natalie B Roberts, Kaitlin P Coyle, M Kaitlyn Barker, Ethan Dickson, Amanda N Cass, Guilherme S Pereira, Zhao-Bang Zeng, Rafael F Guerrero, Reade B Roberts

{"title":"Gut length evolved under sexual conflict in Lake Malawi cichlids.","authors":"Aldo Carmona Baez, Patrick J Ciccotto, Emily C Moore, Erin N Peterson, Melissa S Lamm, Natalie B Roberts, Kaitlin P Coyle, M Kaitlyn Barker, Ethan Dickson, Amanda N Cass, Guilherme S Pereira, Zhao-Bang Zeng, Rafael F Guerrero, Reade B Roberts","doi":"10.1093/genetics/iyaf102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaf102","url":null,"abstract":"Variation in gastrointestinal morphology is associated with dietary specialization across the animal kingdom. Gut length generally correlates with trophic level, and increased gut length in herbivores is a classic example of adaptation to cope with diets having a lower nutrient content and a higher proportion of refractory material. However, the genetic basis of gut length variation remains largely unstudied, partly due to the inaccessibility and plasticity of the gut tissue, as well as the lack of dietary diversity within traditional model organisms relative to that observed among species belonging to different trophic levels. Here, we confirm the genetic basis of gut length variation among recently evolved Lake Malawi cichlid fish species with different dietary adaptations. We then produce interspecific, inter-trophic-level hybrids to map evolved differences in intestinal length in an F2 mapping cross between Metriaclima mbenjii, an omnivore with a relatively long gut, and Aulonocara koningsi, a carnivore with a relatively short gut. We identify numerous candidate quantitative trait loci for evolved differences in intestinal length. These quantitative trait loci are predominantly sex-specific, supporting an evolutionary history of sexual conflicts for the gut. We also identify epistatic interactions potentially associated with canalization and the maintenance of cryptic variation in the cichlid adaptive radiation. Overall, our results suggest a complex, polygenic evolution of gut length variation associated with trophic level differences among cichlids, as well as conflicts and interactions that may be involved in evolutionary processes underlying other traits in cichlids.","PeriodicalId":48925,"journal":{"name":"Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolutionary rescue by aneuploidy in tumors exposed to anti-cancer drugs. 暴露于抗癌药物的肿瘤非整倍体的进化拯救。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Genetics Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaf098

Remus Stana, Uri Ben-David, Daniel B Weissman, Yoav Ram

{"title":"Evolutionary rescue by aneuploidy in tumors exposed to anti-cancer drugs.","authors":"Remus Stana, Uri Ben-David, Daniel B Weissman, Yoav Ram","doi":"10.1093/genetics/iyaf098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaf098","url":null,"abstract":"Evolutionary rescue occurs when a population, facing a sudden environmental change that would otherwise lead to extinction, adapts through beneficial mutations, allowing it to recover and persist. A prime example of evolutionary rescue is the ability of cancer to survive exposure to treatment. One evolutionary mechanism by which a population of cancer cells can adapt to chemotherapy is aneuploidy. Aneuploid cancer cells can be more fit in an environment altered by anti-cancer drugs, in part because aneuploidy may disrupt the pathways targeted by the drugs. Indeed, aneuploidy is highly prevalent in tumors, and some anti-cancer drugs fight cancer by increasing chromosomal instability. Here, we model the impact of aneuploidy on the fate of a population of cancer cells. We use multi-type branching processes to approximate the probability that a tumor survives drug treatment as a function of the initial tumor size, the rates at which aneuploidy and other beneficial mutations occur, and the growth rates of the drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cells. We also investigate the effect of the pre-existent aneuploid cells on the probability of evolutionary rescue. Finally, we estimate the tumor's mean recurrence time to revert to its initial size following treatment and evolutionary rescue. We propose that aneuploidy can play an essential role in the relapse of smaller secondary tumors.","PeriodicalId":48925,"journal":{"name":"Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interpreting SNP heritability in admixed populations. 在混合人群中解释SNP遗传力。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Genetics Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaf100

Jinguo Huang, Nicole Kleman, Saonli Basu, Mark D Shriver, Arslan A Zaidi

{"title":"Interpreting SNP heritability in admixed populations.","authors":"Jinguo Huang, Nicole Kleman, Saonli Basu, Mark D Shriver, Arslan A Zaidi","doi":"10.1093/genetics/iyaf100","DOIUrl":"10.1093/genetics/iyaf100","url":null,"abstract":"SNP heritability (h2snp) is defined as the proportion of phenotypic variance explained by genotyped SNPs and is believed to be a lower bound of heritability (h), being equal to it if all causal variants are genotyped. Despite the simple intuition behind h2snp, its interpretation and equivalence to h2 is unclear, particularly in the presence of admixture and assortative mating. Here we use analytical theory and simulations to describe the behavior of h2 and three widely used random-effect estimators of h2snp -- Genome-wide restricted maximum likelihood, Haseman-Elston regression, and LD score regression -- in admixed populations. We show that h2snp estimates can be biased in admixed populations, even if all causal variants are genotyped and in the absence of confounding due to shared environment. This is largely because admixture generates directional LD, which contributes to the genetic variance, and therefore to heritability. Random-effect estimators of h2snp, because they assume that SNP effects are independent, do not capture the contribution, which can be positive or negative depending on the genetic architecture, leading to under- or over-estimates of h2snp relative to h2. For the same reason, estimates of local ancestry heritability (ĥ2γ) are also biased in the presence of directional LD. We describe this bias in ĥ2snp and ĥ2γ as a function of admixture history and the genetic architecture of the trait, clarifying their interpretation and implication for genome-wide association studies and polygenic prediction in admixed populations.","PeriodicalId":48925,"journal":{"name":"Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MutSgamma promotes meiotic recombination and homolog pairing in mouse spermatocytes. MutSgamma促进小鼠精母细胞减数分裂重组和同源配对。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Genetics Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaf099

Melissa Frasca, Lakshmi Paniker, Rhea Kang, Parijat Chakraborty, Aastha Pandey, Jessica LoPresti, Francesca Cole

{"title":"MutSgamma promotes meiotic recombination and homolog pairing in mouse spermatocytes.","authors":"Melissa Frasca, Lakshmi Paniker, Rhea Kang, Parijat Chakraborty, Aastha Pandey, Jessica LoPresti, Francesca Cole","doi":"10.1093/genetics/iyaf099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyaf099","url":null,"abstract":"DNA repair by homologous recombination is required for parental chromosomes (homologs) to accurately segregate during mammalian meiosis. Meiotic recombination promotes but also relies upon pairing between homologs. This mutual dependence and the differential reliance between recombination and pairing in well-studied organisms has been difficult to deconstruct in the mammalian context. In budding yeast, MutSgamma, a heterodimer between MSH4 and MSH5 promotes crossover-specific recombination by protecting precursors, and in many organisms plays roles in pairing and synaptonemal complex formation. We use recombination and cytological assays to infer the role of MutSgamma in mouse spermatocytes. We find in two alleles of Msh5 - a null and one bearing a mutation in its ATPase domain, that spermatocytes are severely compromised for recombination producing only a small fraction of noncrossovers. However, they are more proficient in interhomolog pairing particularly on the longer chromosomes than spermatocytes lacking meiotic recombination entirely. We propose MutSgamma plays an earlier role in mouse than in budding yeast to stabilize D-loops upstream of all interhomolog recombination. Further, that nascent recombination interactions can promote successful interhomolog pairing despite not completing recombination.","PeriodicalId":48925,"journal":{"name":"Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enabling data-driven discoveries in evolutionary genetics and genomics. 在进化遗传学和基因组学中实现数据驱动的发现。

IF 3.3 3区生物学

Genetics Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaf084

Sudhir Kumar

引用次数: 0