Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families最新文献

{"title":"The difficulties on management of pressure injuries encountered by pediatric nurses working in intensive care units in Türkiye: A descriptive qualitative study","authors":"Enes Şimşek ,&nbsp;Remziye Semerci Şahin","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to explore the experiences and perceptions of pediatric intensive care nurses regarding pressure injury prevention and management, focusing on identifying challenges, barriers, and system-level vulnerabilities in clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Design and methods</h3><div>A descriptive qualitative design based on naturalistic inquiry was adopted. Data were collected from 28 pediatric intensive care nurses in Turkey between January and June 2025 using structured tools with demographic forms and open-ended questions. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling via social media and professional WhatsApp groups. Data saturation was reached, and analysis followed Downe-Wamboldt's content analysis framework.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two main themes and six sub-themes emerged. The themes were: (1) Clinical Outcomes of Inadequate Training and Protocol Deficiencies, and (2) Structural Vulnerabilities and Compensatory Improvisation in Pediatric Care Delivery. Sub-themes highlighted issues such as unsupported decision-making, educational inadequacies, protocol misalignment, resource limitations, improvised care strategies, and the emotional burden.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study highlights the urgent need for pediatric-specific protocols, consistent access to equipment, and hands-on training to bridge theory and practice. Institutional efforts must address structural and educational gaps to support nurses and improve care quality.</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>The findings are crucial for developing targeted educational programs, revised clinical protocols, and policy reforms aimed at reducing the incidence of pressure injuries and improving overall nursing care quality in pediatric settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 403-411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the scale of pediatric nurses' attitudes towards advocacy roles: A validity and reliability study","authors":"Berna Eren Fidanci ,&nbsp;Merve Cil ,&nbsp;Adnan Kan ,&nbsp;Dilek Yildiz","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This is a methodological study aiming to improve a standardised tool to determine the attitudes of pediatric nurses regarding their advocacy role.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Data were collected online to facilitate access to pediatric nurses from different regions and to reach a large sample group. The study was conducted between May and November 2024 with 540 pediatric nurses that met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate. In the data collection phase, the “Introductory Information Form for Pediatric Nurses” and the “Attitude Scale on Advocacy Roles of Pediatric Nurses” were used. Psychometric properties of the scale such as content validity, face validity, construct validity and reliability were tested.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Scale of Pediatric Nurses' Attitudes Towards Advocacy Roles consists of 17 items in total, showing a four-factor structure which includes <em>“strength of advocacy”, “rejection”, “ownership”,</em> and <em>“determination”.</em> The Cronbach α coefficient of the scale is 0.870.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Scale of Pediatric Nurses' Attitudes Towards Advocacy Roles is a valid and reliable measurement tool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 412-418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Call for action: Adverse drug events and level of harm in hospitalized pediatric patients in Palestine: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Farah Mattour M.Sc ,&nbsp;Shahenaz Najjar Ph.D ,&nbsp;Yousef Mimi Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Heba Falna M.Sc ,&nbsp;Haya Sultan M.Sc ,&nbsp;Majdoleen Daoud M.Sc","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adverse drug events (ADEs) are a significant cause of preventable harm among hospitalized pediatric patients. However, data on ADEs in Palestine remain limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the incidence, types, and severity of ADEs among hospitalized children in Palestine and to identify associated risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study was conducted across six hospitals in the West Bank. Medical records of 600 pediatric inpatients (aged &lt;15 years) hospitalized for at least 48 h were reviewed using the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) Global Trigger Tool (GTT) adapted for pediatrics. ADEs were identified and categorized by severity using the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention (NCC MERP) Index, and they were analyzed in relation to patient demographics and hospital characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 155 ADEs were detected, with an overall incidence of 65.2 per 1000 patient-days and 67.0 per 1000 medication doses. The most common triggers were rash, anti-allergic medication use, and abrupt cessation of medication. Most ADEs (72.3 %) caused temporary harm requiring intervention (Category E), while 25.6 % resulted in prolonged hospitalization (Category F). Risk factors significantly associated with ADE occurrence included older age, private hospital admission, longer hospital stay, and regional differences.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The incidence of ADEs in Palestinian pediatric inpatients is higher than previously reported internationally, underscoring the need to enhanced patient safety measures. Implementing standardized monitoring tools like the GTT can support early ADE detection and improve the quality of pediatric care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 397-402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of colic massage and kangaroo care on infantile colic pain, crying and sleep duration: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Gülşah Sunay Ertem MSc, RN ,&nbsp;Nurcan Özyazıcıoğlu RN, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the effect of colic massage and kangaroo care on infantile colic symptoms, crying, and sleep duration.</div></div><div><h3>Design and method</h3><div>This study is a randomized controlled experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted with infants diagnosed with infantile colic and their mothers. The infants and mothers in the study consisted of a massage group, a kangaroo care group, and a control group. The study data were collected with the “Mother-Baby Information Form”, “Crying and Sleep Recording Form”, and the “Infantile Colic Scale”.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After the intervention, the median values of infantile colic difference score compared to pre-intervention were  − 14, −8, −1 in the massage, kangaroo care and control groups, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and implications for practice</h3><div>Infantile colic symptoms declined the most in the massage group and the least in the control group. Crying duration decreased the least in the control group and sleep duration increased the most in the massage group. It can be said that colic massage and kangaroo care for infantile colic comfort and calm the infants. However, applying colic massage reduces colic symptoms more. The study is registered at <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> <span><span>NCT06727760</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 390-396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of sponge bath and swaddle bath applied in the neonatal intensive care unit on neonatal comfort: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Gamze Göçmen ,&nbsp;Aysun Ekşioğlu ,&nbsp;Nazan Tuna Oran ,&nbsp;Esin Çeber","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Bathing is an essential part of newborn care and may influence physiological stability, stress levels, and overall comfort. This study aimed to compare the effects of sponge bathing and swaddle bathing on newborn comfort and physiological responses.</div></div><div><h3>Design and methods</h3><div>A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of a tertiary hospital in Izmir, Turkey, between March and September 2024. A total of 71 term, physiologically stable newborns without contraindications for bathing were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the swaddle bath group (<em>n</em> = 35) or the sponge bath group (<em>n</em> = 36) using block randomization. Physiological parameters (pulse rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature) and newborn comfort levels were assessed using the COMFORT Neo Scale at three time points: before the bath, 10 min after, and 1 h after bathing. Data were analyzed using independent samples <em>t</em>-tests, chi-square tests, and post hoc power analysis in SPSS version 26.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ten minutes after bathing, the swaddle bath group showed significantly lower mean pulse rates (140.91 ± 9.99 vs. 148.52 ± 14.66; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and higher oxygen saturation (<em>p</em> = 0.001) compared to the sponge bath group. While pre-bath and 10-min post-bath comfort scores were similar between groups, restlessness (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and pain scores (<em>p</em> = 0.004) were significantly lower in the swaddle bath group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The swaddle bath technique is more effective than the sponge bath method in supporting physiological stability and enhancing newborn comfort.</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>Incorporating the swaddle bath method into NICU care protocols may improve the quality and comfort of neonatal care practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 381-389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Factors influencing the utilization, and perceived benefits of complementary and alternative medicine in the management of common childhood diseases among residents of Makun community, Sagamu, Ogun State Nigeria” [Journal of Paediatric Nursing 81 (2025) 118–125]","authors":"Oluwabusolami Esther Atekoja ,&nbsp;Omolabake Fathiat Salako ,&nbsp;Olabisi Mary Oluseye ,&nbsp;Funmilayo Okanlawon","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"84 ","pages":"Page 380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paediatric nurses' decision-making related to high flow oxygen therapy in infants with bronchiolitis: A cross-sectional survey","authors":"Michelle Elks ,&nbsp;Jeanine Young ,&nbsp;Terri Downer","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.049","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Aim&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;To examine nurses’ decision-making skills managing infants with bronchiolitis receiving high flow oxygen therapy in two regional Australian paediatric unit settings.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used to explore decision-making models in a purposive sample of paediatric nurses (target &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 88) caring for infants with bronchiolitis receiving high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy across two regional hospital sites. Participants completed the two-part questionnaire, consisting of 1) demographic and professional characteristics and 2) the 24-item Nurse Decision-Making Instrument (NDMI). Models of decision-making were analysed overall as well as within the context of the four key phases or subscales of the NDMI.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Of the 69 eligible paediatric nurses who participated in this study, the majority (80 %) used quasi-rational clinical decision-making models; indicating that both analytical and intuitive cognitive processes were employed in the decision-making process within this clinical context. Over the four phases of decision-making the quasi-rational approach continued to be predominant. Analytical decision-making was utilised slightly more in the data collection phase and steadily decreased across the phases in this sample of paediatric nurses. Casual employment status was a significant influence on the nurse decision-making instrument score, with analytical-systematic models most used in this group.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Infants with bronchiolitis constitute a vulnerable paediatric cohort as individuals experiencing this disease may deteriorate quickly. Ascertaining how paediatric nurses make decisions is essential for promoting optimal outcomes for this vulnerable patient cohort. While this study provides a representation of paediatric nurse decision-making models in this clinical context, further research is required to confirm these findings and inform educational opportunities which support nurses to make the best decisions based on evidence.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Implications for practice&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In clinical practice paediatric nurses make numerous decisions throughout the course of a shift for this vulnerable patient cohort. Infants receiving HFNC therapy for treatment of bronchiolitis are acutely unwell and sub-optimal decision-making strategies may adversely affect patient outcomes if clinical deteriorations are not detected promptly and acted upon. It is therefore essential to ascertain how paediatric nurses make clinical decisions. This understanding will facilitate the development of quality learning resources to support effective paediatric nurses decision-making skills which will positively impact patient outcomes in a vulnerable patient cohort.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Impact&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;div&gt;Study findings indicated that the majority of participating paediatric nurses used quasi-ra","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 370-379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children's social media use behaviors according to parents' social media addiction and methods used by parents","authors":"Aysel Topan ,&nbsp;Ayla Gündoğdu Karakaya ,&nbsp;Betül Akkoç ,&nbsp;Aylin Kurt","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The objective of the present study is to ascertain how parents' social media addiction affects their children's social media use behaviors and the methods employed by parents to manage this situation.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 218 parents of children between the ages of 7–18. The collection of data was facilitated by two instruments: the “Parent-Child Information Form” and the “Social Media Addiction Scale.”</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The present study has revealed that 41.6 % of parents are addicted to social media. Conversely, parents who do not manifest symptoms of social media addiction exhibit a heightened level of awareness regarding their children's social media accounts and demonstrate a more deliberate approach. The predominant methods employed by parents to restrict their children's access to social media included directing them towards sports activities (71.7 %) and fostering peer interaction (37.2 %). Conversely, parents grappling with social media addiction have adopted more stringent measures, including the deliberate confiscation of devices, with the aim of curtailing their children's access to social media.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The relationship between parents' social media addiction and their children's social media use is a complex one. While children of addicted parents demonstrate a higher propensity for social media usage, parents endeavour to restrict their children's exposure to this environment.</div></div><div><h3>Practical ımplications</h3><div>Nurses and health professionals can play a pivotal role in raising awareness among families and providing guidance to children on the safe use of the internet.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 347-352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of acupressure application on reducing pain during phlebotomy in children diagnosed with Thalassaemia","authors":"Melek Gulgun Altintas ,&nbsp;Hacer Cetin","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The aim of the study was to determine the effect of acupressure on reducing phlebotomy pain in children with thalassaemia. Methods: The study, a single-centre, randomised controlled experimental study, was conducted between 1 February and 2 June 2022 with 39 children diagnosed with thalassaemia between the ages of 6–18 years. Children were randomised to acupressure and sham groups by lottery. In the acupressure group (<em>n</em> = 19), a single session of acupressure was applied to the determined points. The sham group (<em>n</em> = 20) was only touched. The data of the study were collected using the Personal Data Collection Form and WB Faces Pain Scale. Descriptive statistics obtained from the data were expressed as percentage, mean, frequency, standard deviation and median (minimum-maximum). Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine the suitability of the variables for normal distribution. Wilcoxon test was used to compare the measurement values of two dependent groups that did not show normal distribution; Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> test was used to compare the measurement values of two independent groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The groups are similar in terms of their descriptive characteristics (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). It was determined that the pain score averages, heart rate and oxygen saturations of the acupressure group were significantly different compared to the Sham group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Acupressure application is recommended as a non-pharmacological method that is effective in reducing the pain of phlebotomy in children diagnosed with Thalassaemia and that nurses can apply independently in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 353-360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“We went home knowing nothing”: Parental burden of caring for children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in a challenging context of China","authors":"Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Anna Chen ,&nbsp;Fan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.06.045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To explore parents' experiences of caregiver burden while caring for children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in China.</div></div><div><h3>Design and methods</h3><div>Twenty-four parents of children with T1DM were recruited for individual interviews using purposeful sampling in China. The data were analyzed independently by two authors using thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>1) Mental burden related to a lack of experienced physicians at local level 2) Financial and maternal burden associated with inadequate health insurance and social services 3) Social burdens for parents navigating school environment 4) The intertwining of psychological burdens with caregiving challenges.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Parents experience multidimensional caregiver burdens arising from the broader social context of insufficient support for children with T1DM and their families. Factors contributing to these burdens include inadequate medical support for T1DM, financial strain from expensive medical devices and consumables, and limited awareness and support from schools. Ultimately, these factors lead to a persistent psychological burden. Addressing the caregiver burden requires not only psychological support but also a critical examination of structural barriers and the provision of professional assistance across various contexts.</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>Health professionals, teachers, school administrators, and policy makers should recognize their critical roles in supporting parents and children affected by T1DM. There is a need for training programs, inclusive medical insurance, and supplementary care services to alleviate the burdens parents face in managing diabetes for their children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 361-369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}