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Large language models' performances regarding common patient questions about osteoarthritis: A comparative analysis of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, and Perplexity. 关于骨关节炎常见患者问题的大型语言模型的性能:ChatGPT-3.5、ChatGPT-4.0和Perplexity的比较分析
IF 9.7 1区 医学
Journal of Sport and Health Science Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101016
Mingde Cao, Qianwen Wang, Xueyou Zhang, Zuru Liang, Jihong Qiu, Patrick Shu-Hang Yung, Michael Tim-Yun Ong
{"title":"Large language models' performances regarding common patient questions about osteoarthritis: A comparative analysis of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, and Perplexity.","authors":"Mingde Cao, Qianwen Wang, Xueyou Zhang, Zuru Liang, Jihong Qiu, Patrick Shu-Hang Yung, Michael Tim-Yun Ong","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained much attention and, in part, have replaced common search engines as a popular channel for obtaining information due to their contextually relevant responses. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common topic in skeletal muscle disorders, and patients often seek information about it online. Our study evaluated the ability of 3 LLMs (ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, and Perplexity) to accurately answer common OA-related queries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We defined 6 themes (pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and prevention, and prognosis) based on a generalization of 25 frequently asked questions about OA. Three consultant-level orthopedic specialists independently rated the LLMs' replies on a 4-point accuracy scale. The final ratings for each response were determined using a majority consensus approach. Responses classified as \"satisfactory\" were evaluated for comprehensiveness on a 5-point scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT-4.0 demonstrated superior accuracy, with 64% of responses rated as \"excellent\", compared to 40% for ChatGPT-3.5 and 28% for Perplexity (Pearson's χ<sup>2</sup> test with Fisher's exact test, all p < 0.001). All 3 LLM-chatbots had high mean comprehensiveness ratings (Perplexity = 3.88; ChatGPT-4.0 = 4.56; ChatGPT-3.5 = 3.96, out of a maximum score of 5). The LLM-chatbots performed reliably across domains, except for \"treatment and prevention\" However, ChatGPT-4.0 still outperformed ChatGPT-3.5 and Perplexity, garnering 53.8% \"excellent\" ratings (Pearson's χ<sup>2</sup> test with Fisher's exact test, all p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings underscore the potential of LLMs, specifically ChatGPT-4.0 and Perplexity, to deliver accurate and thorough responses to OA-related queries. Targeted correction of specific misconceptions to improve the accuracy of LLMs remains crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101016"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Are there sensitive periods for physical activity to influence the development of executive function in children? 体育活动是否存在影响儿童执行功能发展的敏感期?
IF 9.7 1区 医学
Journal of Sport and Health Science Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101015
Joseph M Northey, Lauren B Raine, Charles H Hillman
{"title":"Are there sensitive periods for physical activity to influence the development of executive function in children?","authors":"Joseph M Northey, Lauren B Raine, Charles H Hillman","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Executive functions emerge throughout childhood and shape multiple cognitive and behavioral outcomes across the lifespan. Given the importance of these functions, there is considerable interest in understanding the role of environmental enrichment to support their development. The past 20 years have seen the emergence of a body of evidence around the beneficial effects of engaging in physical activity for executive functioning in children. Despite this, there are still unanswered questions, particularly about the confounding effects of the timing and dose of exercise-based interventions. During development, sensitive periods with heightened neural plasticity and sensitivity to environmental influences can offer an optimal time to introduce enrichment interventions. As such, sensitive periods for executive function could indicate an ideal time to introduce physical activity or be a potential confounder to study results if not considered. This narrative review discusses the potential presence of sensitive periods in preadolescent development where physical activity has greater benefits for executive function. Initially, we briefly review the largely parallel fields investigating the presence of sensitive periods for executive function and the effects of physical activity on executive function outcomes. We then bring together these 2 concepts to discuss the theoretical basis for developmentally sensitive periods during which children may be particularly amenable to physical activity-based interventions and offer potential ways forward to investigate this phenomenon. We hope this review will attract researchers to collaborate in the area and extend our current understanding of the development of executive functions as well as interventions like physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101015"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to "Can changes in midsole bending stiffness of shoes affect the onset of joint work redistribution during a prolonged run?" [J Sport Health Sci 11 (2022) 293-302]. 对 "鞋中底弯曲硬度的变化会影响长跑时关节功重新分配的开始吗?"的更正[J Sport Health Sci 11 (2022) 293-302].
IF 9.7 1区 医学
Journal of Sport and Health Science Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101013
Sasa Cigoja, Jared R Fletcher, Benno M Nigg
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Can changes in midsole bending stiffness of shoes affect the onset of joint work redistribution during a prolonged run?\" [J Sport Health Sci 11 (2022) 293-302].","authors":"Sasa Cigoja, Jared R Fletcher, Benno M Nigg","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101013"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Youth Fitness International Test (YFIT) battery for monitoring and surveillance among children and adolescents: A modified Delphi consensus project with 169 experts from 50 countries and territories. 用于儿童和青少年体质监测和监督的青少年体质国际测试(YFIT)电池:由来自 50 个国家和地区的 169 名专家参与的改良德尔菲共识项目。
IF 9.7 1区 医学
Journal of Sport and Health Science Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101012
Francisco B Ortega, Kai Zhang, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Mark S Tremblay, Gregor Jurak, Grant R Tomkinson, Jonatan R Ruiz, Katja Keller, Christine Delisle Nyström, Jennifer M Sacheck, Russell Pate, Kathryn L Weston, Tetsuhiro Kidokoro, Eric T Poon, Lucy-Joy M Wachira, Ronald Ssenyonga, Thayse Natacha Q F Gomes, Carlos Cristi-Montero, Brooklyn J Fraser, Claudia Niessner, Vincent O Onywera, Yang Liu, Li-Lin Liang, Stephanie A Prince, David R Lubans, Justin J Lang
{"title":"The Youth Fitness International Test (YFIT) battery for monitoring and surveillance among children and adolescents: A modified Delphi consensus project with 169 experts from 50 countries and territories.","authors":"Francisco B Ortega, Kai Zhang, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Mark S Tremblay, Gregor Jurak, Grant R Tomkinson, Jonatan R Ruiz, Katja Keller, Christine Delisle Nyström, Jennifer M Sacheck, Russell Pate, Kathryn L Weston, Tetsuhiro Kidokoro, Eric T Poon, Lucy-Joy M Wachira, Ronald Ssenyonga, Thayse Natacha Q F Gomes, Carlos Cristi-Montero, Brooklyn J Fraser, Claudia Niessner, Vincent O Onywera, Yang Liu, Li-Lin Liang, Stephanie A Prince, David R Lubans, Justin J Lang","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence is associated with a variety of health outcomes and is a powerful marker of current and future health. However, inconsistencies in tests and protocols limit international monitoring and surveillance. The objective of the study was to seek international consensus on a proposed, evidence-informed, Youth Fitness International Test (YFIT) battery and protocols for health monitoring and surveillance in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an international modified Delphi study to evaluate the level of agreement with a proposed, evidence-based, YFIT of core health-related fitness tests and protocols to be used worldwide in 6- to 18-year-olds. This proposal was based on previous European and North American projects that systematically reviewed the existing evidence to identify the most valid, reliable, health-related, safe, and feasible fitness tests to be used in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. We designed a single-panel modified Delphi study and invited 216 experts from all around the world to answer this Delphi survey, of whom one-third are from low-to-middle income countries and one-third are women. Four experts were involved in the piloting of the survey and did not participate in the main Delphi study to avoid bias. We pre-defined an agreement of ≥80% among the expert participants to achieve consensus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We obtained a high response rate (78%) with a total of 169 fitness experts from 50 countries and territories, including 63 women and 61 experts from low- or middle-income countries/territories. Consensus (>85% agreement) was achieved for all proposed tests and protocols, supporting the YFIT battery, which includes weight and height (to compute body mass index as a proxy of body size/composition), the 20-m shuttle run (cardiorespiratory fitness), handgrip strength, and standing long jump (muscular fitness).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study contributes to standardizing fitness tests and protocols used for research, monitoring, and surveillance across the world, which will allow for future data pooling and the development of international and regional sex- and age-specific reference values, health-related cut-points, and a global picture of fitness among children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101012"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does ischemic preconditioning enhance sports performance more than placebo or no intervention? A systematic review with meta-analysis. 缺血预处理比安慰剂或无干预更能提高运动成绩吗?系统回顾与荟萃分析。
IF 9.7 1区 医学
Journal of Sport and Health Science Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101010
Hiago L R Souza, Géssyca T Oliveira, Anderson Meireles, Marcelo P Dos Santos, João G Vieira, Rhai A Arriel, Stephen D Patterson, Moacir Marocolo
{"title":"Does ischemic preconditioning enhance sports performance more than placebo or no intervention? A systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Hiago L R Souza, Géssyca T Oliveira, Anderson Meireles, Marcelo P Dos Santos, João G Vieira, Rhai A Arriel, Stephen D Patterson, Moacir Marocolo","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is purported to have beneficial effects on athletic performance, although findings are inconsistent, with some studies reporting placebo effects. The majority of studies have investigated IPC alongside a placebo condition, but without a control condition that was devoid of experimental manipulation, thereby limiting accurate determination of the IPC effects. Therefore, the aims of this study were to assess the impact of the IPC intervention, compared to both placebo and no intervention, on exercise capacity and athletic performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) covering records from their inception until July 2023 was conducted. To qualify for inclusion, studies had to apply IPC as an acute intervention, comparing it with placebo and/or control conditions. Outcomes of interest were performance (force, number of repetitions, power, time to exhaustion, and time trial performance), physiological measurements (maximum oxygen consumption, and heart rate), or perceptual measurements (RPE). For each outcome measure, we conducted 3 independent meta-analyses (IPC vs. placebo, IPC vs. control, placebo vs. control) using an inverse-variance random-effects model. The between-treatment effects were quantified by the standardized mean difference (SMD), accompanied by their respective 95% confidence intervals. Additionally, we employed the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to assess the level of certainty in the evidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-nine studies were included in the quantitative analysis. Overall, IPC demonstrates a comparable effect to the placebo condition (using a low-pressure tourniquet), irrespective of the subjects' training level (all outcomes presenting p > 0.05), except for the outcome of time to exhaustion, which exhibits a small magnitude effect (SMD = 0.37; p = 0.002). Additionally, the placebo exhibited effects notably greater than the control condition (outcome: number of repetitions; SMD = 0.45; p = 0.03), suggesting a potential influence of participants' cognitive perception on the outcomes. However, the evidence is of moderate to low certainty, regardless of the comparison or outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IPC has significant effects compared to the control intervention, but it did not surpass the placebo condition. Its administration might be influenced by the cognitive perception of the receiving subject, and the efficacy of IPC as an ergogenic strategy for enhancing exercise capacity and athletic performance remains questionable.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101010"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880722/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Iron deficiency, supplementation, and sports performance in female athletes: A systematic review. 女性运动员的铁缺乏症、补充剂和运动表现:系统综述。
IF 9.7 1区 医学
Journal of Sport and Health Science Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101009
Michael Pengelly, Kate Pumpa, David Bruce Pyne, Naroa Etxebarria
{"title":"Iron deficiency, supplementation, and sports performance in female athletes: A systematic review.","authors":"Michael Pengelly, Kate Pumpa, David Bruce Pyne, Naroa Etxebarria","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iron facilitates key biological functions underpinning sports performance, and up to 60% of female athletes experience iron deficiency. However, the effects of iron deficiency on sports performance in female athletes is unclear, as are the degree of benefits of iron supplementation (FeSup). This study characterizes the effects of iron deficiency and FeSup on sports performance in high-level female athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Searches of the electronic databases MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL were performed in July 2023. Studies were included that evaluated the effects of iron deficiency or FeSup on sports performance in high-level (maximal oxygen uptake (VO<sub>2max</sub>) > 45 mL/kg/min, or trained > 5 h/week) iron deficient (ID) (serum ferritin (sFer) < 40 µg/L) female athletes. Studies were assessed using a modified Downs and Black Quality Assessment Checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 23 studies comprising 669 athletes (age range: 13-47 years) across 16 sports were included in the review. Iron deficiency negatively affects endurance performance by 3%-4%. However, endurance performance improved by 2%-20% when ID athletes were treated with 100 mg/day of elemental iron for up to 56 days via oral supplementation, or bi-daily via parenteral administration over 8-10 days. ID non-anemic athletes with low sFer stores may be predisposed to reduced maximal aerobic capacity. However, maximal aerobic capacity improved by 6%-15% following 16 mg/day-100 mg/day of elemental iron for 36-126 days. Isokinetic strength and anaerobic power performance may be impeded (-23% to +4%) among ID athletes, but the effect of FeSup on anaerobic power varied markedly (-5% to +9%) following 100 mg/day of elemental iron over 42-56 days, or 100 mg of elemental iron bi-daily over 8-10 days. The quality of studies was moderate (77%), ranging from low (57%) to high (100%). Moststudies (n = 18) contained group sizes ≤ 20 athletes, thus limiting the likelihood of detecting significant effects (statistical power > 0.80).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-level ID female athletes experience a negative impact on endurance performance, which can be improved by supplementing with ∼100 mg of elemental iron per day or bi-daily. The decrements in other performance parameters characterizing a range of sports coincide with the severity of iron deficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101009"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Commentary on "Accelerometer-measured physical activity, sedentary behavior, and incidence of macrovascular and microvascular events in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes". 就 "加速计测量的体力活动、久坐行为以及 2 型糖尿病和糖尿病前期患者的大血管和微血管事件发生率 "发表评论。
IF 9.7 1区 医学
Journal of Sport and Health Science Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101011
Barbara E Ainsworth, Haili Tian
{"title":"Commentary on \"Accelerometer-measured physical activity, sedentary behavior, and incidence of macrovascular and microvascular events in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes\".","authors":"Barbara E Ainsworth, Haili Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101011"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on children's body composition management: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. 生活方式干预对儿童身体成分管理的比较效果:系统综述和网络荟萃分析。
IF 9.7 1区 医学
Journal of Sport and Health Science Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101008
Xiwen Su, Mohamed A Hassan, HyunJoon Kim, Zan Gao
{"title":"Comparative effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on children's body composition management: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"Xiwen Su, Mohamed A Hassan, HyunJoon Kim, Zan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to provide comparative evidence on the effectiveness of various lifestyle interventions on body composition management for preschool and school-aged children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science were systematically searched for this network meta-analysis. Randomized controlled studies (RCTs) that included children aged 4-12 years with no physical or mental conditions; performed at least 1 type of lifestyle intervention; reported change in body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score, or body fat percentage (BFP); and were published between January 2010 and August 2023 were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis included 91 RCTs with aggregate data for 58,649 children. All interventions were categorized into single-arm approaches (physical activity, diet, and behavioral and informational support) and combined arms approaches (bicomponent and multicomponent treatment). Multicomponent treatment showed significant effectiveness on the reduction of BMI (mean deviation (MD) - 0.49, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): -0.88 to -0.12), BMI z-score (MD = -0.11, 95%CI: -0.18 to -0.04), and BFP (MD = -1.69, 95%CI: -2.97 to -0.42) compared to the usual care condition. Bicomponent treatment also significantly reduced BMI (MD = -0.28, 95%CI: -0.54 to -0.04) and BMI z-score (MD = -0.07, 95%CI: -0.12 to -0.02) compared to usual care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Interventions targeting multiple lifestyle components achieved greater reductions in children's BMI and BFP. Among single-component approaches, physical activity engagement emerged as the most effective. These findings should guide practitioners in recommending comprehensive lifestyle modifications for children. Moreover, children with higher initial BMI and body fat levels tend to exhibit more positive responses to lifestyle interventions aimed at managing obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101008"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Aerobic exercise alleviates statin-induced PCSK9 upregulation by increasing epoxyeicosatrienoic acid levels through the FoxO3a-Sirt6 axis. 有氧运动通过 FoxO3a-Sirt6 轴增加环二十碳三烯酸水平,从而缓解他汀类药物诱导的 PCSK9 上调。
IF 9.7 1区 医学
Journal of Sport and Health Science Pub Date : 2024-11-06 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101007
Jiahui Hu, Hao Lei, Jingyuan Chen, Leiling Liu, Yajun Gui, Kaijun Sun, Danyan Xu
{"title":"Aerobic exercise alleviates statin-induced PCSK9 upregulation by increasing epoxyeicosatrienoic acid levels through the FoxO3a-Sirt6 axis.","authors":"Jiahui Hu, Hao Lei, Jingyuan Chen, Leiling Liu, Yajun Gui, Kaijun Sun, Danyan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Statins are the cornerstone of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-lowering therapy; however, the therapeutic efficacy of statins in countering atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is compromised by the concurrent elevation of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a pivotal molecule that increases LDL-C levels. Aerobic exercise lowers PCSK9 levels, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated how aerobic exercise can ameliorate statin-induced increases in PCSK9 levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three-week-old male American Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were fed a high-fat-cholesterol diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and then administered atorvastatin alone or atorvastatin combined with aerobic exercise (Statin + Ex). Moreover, a total of 165 participants with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) enrolled at the Inpatient and Outpatient Departments of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China, from January 2018 to July 2020 were randomized into the Statin group (male/female = 51/33) and Statin + Ex group (male/female = 52/29). Patients in the Statin + Ex group underwent treadmill exercise of 45-60 min/day for 7 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Aerobic exercise effectively alleviated statin-induced PCSK9 upregulation in human patients with CHD and hypercholesterolemic ICR mice (all p < 0.05). Mechanistically, our findings revealed that aerobic exercise induced elevated epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) plasma levels while concurrently reducing the activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) (all p < 0.05), an enzyme responsible for EETs degradation. Further, EETs significantly suppressed PCSK9 expression, subsequently reducing the LDL-C levels (all p < 0.05); this effect was mediated via the activation of the forkhead box O3a-silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 6 (FoxO3a-Sirt6) axis, with no impact on the sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (SREBP2-HMGCR) pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study sheds light on the paradigm of \"Exercise is Medicine\", providing evidence to support the use of statins combined with exercise in reducing LDL-C levels, and unveils potential avenues for clinical applications of sEH inhibitors, presenting novel prospects for therapeutic interventions in ASCVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101007"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The wearable landscape: Issues pertaining to the validation of the measurement of 24-h physical activity, sedentary, and sleep behavior assessment. 可穿戴设备:24 小时体力活动、久坐不动和睡眠行为评估测量的验证问题。
IF 9.7 1区 医学
Journal of Sport and Health Science Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101006
Marco Giurgiu, Birte von Haaren-Mack, Janis Fiedler, Simon Woll, Alexander Burchartz, Simon Kolb, Sascha Ketelhut, Claudia Kubica, Carina Nigg, Irina Timm, Maximiliane Thron, Steffen Schmidt, Kathrin Wunsch, Gerhard Müller, Claudio R Nigg, Alexander Woll, Markus Reichert, Ulrich Ebner-Priemer, Johannes Bj Bussmann
{"title":"The wearable landscape: Issues pertaining to the validation of the measurement of 24-h physical activity, sedentary, and sleep behavior assessment.","authors":"Marco Giurgiu, Birte von Haaren-Mack, Janis Fiedler, Simon Woll, Alexander Burchartz, Simon Kolb, Sascha Ketelhut, Claudia Kubica, Carina Nigg, Irina Timm, Maximiliane Thron, Steffen Schmidt, Kathrin Wunsch, Gerhard Müller, Claudio R Nigg, Alexander Woll, Markus Reichert, Ulrich Ebner-Priemer, Johannes Bj Bussmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2024.101006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101006"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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