Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence, Population Structure and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Ceftiofur Resistant Enterobacteriaceae from Chicken Meat and Fish","authors":"Reyad Shawish, Amira Eltahan, Zakaria Elbayoumi","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320408","url":null,"abstract":"Few studies have been conducted to investigate the influence of extensive use of ceftiofur by veterinarians on the spread of antibiotic resistant Enterobacteriaceae in food of animal origin. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of ceftiofur resistant Enterobacteriaceae in retail chicken meat and fish samples. A total of 80 samples, 40 each of chicken thigh and Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) fish samples were analyzed by enrichment in Enterobacteriaceae enrichment broth containing ceftiofur (8 µg/ml) and plated on violet red bile glucose agar plates with ceftiofur (8 µg/ml). 87.5% of chicken meat samples and 80% of fish samples had ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae . The majority of ceftiofur resistant isolates recovered from chicken meat exhibited multidrug resistance characteristics with higher resistance rates to ceftiofur (100%), ceftriaxone (97.5%), cefepime (97.5%), cefotaxime (95%), than ceftazidime (47.5%). Ten antibiotic resistance patterns were identified from chicken meat and fish isolates. Similarly, all isolated strains from fish showed resistance to ceftiofur, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and oxytetracycline and most strains (95.6%) were resistant to cefepime. Interestingly, 8.7% of fish isolates showed resistance to meropenem. In conclusion, the high prevalence of ceftiofur resistant Enterobacteriaceae reported in this study raise serious concerns about the public health and safety of retail fish and chicken meat, which might serve as a reservoir for these multidrug-resistant germs and could be passed on to humans via the food chain. Under One Health perspective, the monitoring and surveillance of fish and poultry should be encouraged to better control antimicrobial resistance.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole Body Hyperthermia-Induced Brain Injury in Rats: Forensic Biochemical, Pathological, and Immunohistochemical Investigations","authors":"Nermeen El-Borai, Amanallah El-Bahrawy, Mohamed Assayed, Basma Elkhadrawey","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320409","url":null,"abstract":"Episodes of hyperthermia occur frequently from exposure to infections or adverse climatic changes. Such hyperthermia has been linked to various detrimental health effects. This study aimed to investigate the pathophysiological responses to acute versus subacute whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) in rats, particularly on the brain, with special reference to their medicolegal importance. Rats were randomly assigned to three equal groups. The normothermic group was kept at room temperature, the acute whole-body hyperthermic (AWBH) group was subjected to long-period WBH as a single bout of 4 hours at 43 °C, and the subacute whole-body hyperthermic (SWBH) group was subjected to repeated short-period WBH;2 hours daily for 7 successive days at 43 °C. A significant increase in body temperature and a significant decrease in body weight were recorded in both the acute and subacute hyperthermic groups. However, significant elevations in the serum glucose and cortisol levels and in the brain malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2'-desoxyguanosine levels, with a significant reduction in brain total antioxidant capacity, were observed only in the AWBH group. Moreover, exposure to WBH induced various degrees of pathological changes, along with positive immune reactivity for heat shock protein 70 and glial fibrillary acidic protein in the cerebrum and cerebellum of rats in both hyperthermic groups. Overall, WBH induced various adverse health effects, mediated by the induction of oxidative damage, particularly following acute exposure. Hence, these findings provide evidence that acute exposure to long-term WBH may markedly exacerbate brain injury more than repeated short-term exposure, reflecting the role of the adaptive mechanisms to repeated heat exposure. Interestingly, the obtained findings may be valuable in the forensic antemortem and postmortem diagnosis of WBH and heat-related deaths.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron Overload-Induced Hepatotoxicity: An Overview","authors":"Nahed Saleh, Tamer Allam, Hadell Hawary, Nermeen El Borai","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320410","url":null,"abstract":"Iron is an important vital micronutrient; nevertheless, iron excess may induce cellular toxicity via mediating reactive oxygen species generation, ensuing in oxidative stress and harm to various organs, including the liver, kidney, heart, and others. Iron overload, also called hemochromatosis, is the most severe manifestation of excessive iron accumulation that can occur despite the body's regulatory processes and results in a systemic buildup of iron in the body leading to many adverse effects. Several factors can contribute in including consuming significant amounts of additional iron, iron loading anaemias, frequent blood transfusions, and some genetic mutations. Liver is particularly at risk of the damaging consequences of iron overload due to the fact it's the primary site for storing iron. However, when the liver's iron storage and anti-oxidant capacity is surpassed, iron overload can result in oxidant-mediated hepatotoxicity. Iron is 'kept safe' in health by a regular balance of iron absorption, transport, storage, and use. Further, efficient regulation of systemic iron homeostasis, along with the effective antioxidant systems, is essential to prevent the harmful effects of excessive ROS generation and oxidative damage. Consequently, a thorough understanding of iron metabolism, mechanisms of iron overload-induced toxicity concomitantly with characterization the optimal methods of assessment and monitoring its adverse effects is crucial for preventing iron-related disorders and for employing successful treatment and control","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Extended Spectrum Β-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli and Molecular Characterization of ESBL, Carbapenemases, and Blacmy2 Genes in Broilers and Humans at Menoufia Governorate, Egypt","authors":"Ahmed Bayoumi, Sherif Zidan, Moustafa Sakr, Adel ElMashtouly, Ghada Hadad","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320448","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance is a serious worldwide problem threatening human health and life. Poultry, especially broilers, represent a major source of ESBL-producing E. coli due to the extensive use of antibiotics during their production. This study investigated the prevalence of ESBL-EC in broilers, the surrounding environment, and humans, as well as the occurrence of ESBLs, carbapenemases, and bla CMY2 genes. 249 samples were included in that study: 130 broiler cloacal swabs, 54 environmental samples, and 65 human samples. All samples were grown on Macconkey broth, then cultured on EMB containing cefotaxime sodium. Suspected E. coli isolates were identified and confirmed biochemically by IMVIC tests. The disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of E. coli isolates grown on EMB with cefotaxime. PCR was performed for the amplification of ESBLs, carbapenemases, and bla CMY2 genes. Our results revealed that ESBL-EC was isolated from 180 (72.3%) of the 249 collected samples. The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli was as follows: 85.4%, 46.3%, and 67.7% in broiler cloacal swabs, environmental samples, and human samples, respectively. Among 188 E. coli isolates grown on EMB containing cefotaxime, 187 were resistant to CTX, 170 to CAZ, 166 to FEP, and 146 to FOX. PCR amplification showed that the predominant gene was bla TEM , which was detected in 98% of the amplified isolates, followed by bla CTX-M (88%). Bla KPC wasn't detected in any isolates. Many gene combinations were detected, and the most common one was bla TEM with bla CTX-M , which was detected in 24 (48%) of the 50 isolates.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Salmonella spp. in Poultry Meat and Its Products","authors":"Zakaria Elbayoumi, Gehad Ibrahim, Mahmoud Zayda, Reyad Shawish","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320405","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification, Serological and Molecular Identification of Coliform Bacteria Recovered from Bovine Mastitis","authors":"Walid Mousa, Khaled Sabbah, Mohamed Nayel, Ahmed Elsify, Yumna Elsobky, Asmaa Elgendy, Moustafa Sakr, Akram Salama","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320441","url":null,"abstract":"Aim/Background : Mastitis is one of the serious disease and critical problem in the dairy industry worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of coliform bacteria, particularly E. coli, associated with mastitis in dairy herds. In addition, serological identification and molecular detection for E. coli strains from bovine mastitis. Methods: A total of 400 cows were inspected for clinical and subclinical mastitis, and 100 samples (64 and 36, respectively) from these conditions were collected for bacteriological identification before being subjected to serological and molecular analysis. Results: Clinical and subclinical mastitis were prevalent; 16% and 9%, respectively. Bacteriological examination revealed that E. coli was the most prevalent bacteria 16 isolates (19.51%) followed by Klebsiella spp 8 (9.76%), Citrobacter 4 (8.16%), and Enterobacter aerogens 2 (4.08%). Regarding to the serological results, E. coli isolates classified into EHEC which was the most identified serotype followed by EPEC and ETEC serotypes. While, for Klebsiella spp., Klebsiell a oxytoca and Klebsiella pneumonia were serologically identified. The molecular detection some of the virulence genes by PCR approach among E.coli isolates reported that all E. coli strains carried the fim H (100%). Meanwhile, other virulence genes sxt 1 and eae A gene didn ’ t detected in any tested E. coli isolates. Conclusion: Coliform bacteria were identified as major bacterial pathogens involved in bovine clinical and subclinical mastitis.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Procalcitonin As a Metric Septic Inflammatory Biomarker in Young Calves","authors":"Tamer El-Feky, Ahmed Ramadan, Saber El-Hanbally","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320438","url":null,"abstract":"Septicemia in large animals is one of the common causes of mortality with the difficulties of early diagnosis. To diagnose sepsis in animals, clinical signs and blood cultures are combined with hematological values, inflammatory biomarkers and serum biochemistry. Biomarkers specific to sepsis, such as procalcitonin (PCT), have been the subject of recent research in humans and animals. This study evaluated PCT concentration using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum samples collected from 50 calves with clinical septicemic disease and 20 healthy calves. PCT concentration was 66.86±0.15 pg/mL (25.4-140.2 pg/mL) in the control healthy group and 756.1±3.65 pg/mL (90.23-2185 pg/mL) in the diseased group. The optimal cutoff value for distinction between healthy and sick calves was 148.4 pg/mL. Using a receiver operator characteristic (ROC curve) revealed the highest area under the curve (AUC) value of procalcitonin 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI]. ELISA procalcitonin test shows high diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosis of septicemia, and the result emphasized the importance of ELISA procalcitonin as a faster, more accurate, and metrically efficient diagnosis for sepsis in calves.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of Modified Transarticular External Skeletal Fixation Type II Technique for Management of Talocrural Instability in Dogs: Outcomes and Complications","authors":"Shaaban Gadallah, Mohamed El-Sunsafty, Ahmed Sharshar, Tarik Misk, Martin Kramer, Ahmed Mourad","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320450","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : To report the efficacy of two approaches of modified type II transarticular external skeletal fixator (TESF) without joint arthrodesis for treatment of talocrural instability/luxation (TCI) in dogs and to rate short-term outcomes and complications after its use. Study design: Retrospective study. Sample population: Ten dogs. Methods : Medical records of All dogs suffered from TCI and have been treated using TESF type II between January 2012 to December 2021 were reviewed. Information was collected including signalment, lameness score, type of TCI, accompanying injuries. The surgical management included TESF alone (n=2) and TESF with internal repair (n=8), both didn’t involve debridement of the articular cartilage. The post-operative follow-up assessment included lameness score, ankylosis and complications. Results: All dogs had satisfactory joint stability at the time of frame removal. All dogs exhibited minor complications, 4 dogs had major complications and persistent lameness. Females and older animals showed high degrees of joint ankylosis compared with males and younger animals. Conclusion : Modified-TESF type II (with internal repair) technique would be better than arthrodesis. it is considered a joint saving procedure with high success rate regarding restoration of function, lameness score, ankylosis and short term postoperative follow up complications, Modified type II TESF with internal repair showed significant outcomes especially in heavy breeds dogs, preserving the articular cartilage reduces the overall complication rate and preserved the joint function. Clinical significance: This study supports the use of temporary modified type II TESF with internal repair and without tarsal arthrodesis for management of TCI in dogs as an alternative to tarsal arthrodesis.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Detection of The Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale From Turkeys Flocks in Alexandria Governorate During 2020 – 2021","authors":"Disouky Mourad, Amani Hafez, Mohamed Ragab, Heba Farag, Hanan El-Samahy","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320457","url":null,"abstract":"Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) bacterium in poultry causes respiratory disease with reduced body weight, and lowered hatchability. The disease has higher incidence in turkey species, rapidly developing antibiotic resistance, and difficulties in its diagnosis lead to higher economic losses, drug costs, misdiagnosis. Therefore, this work aimed to follow incidence of ORT bacterium in turkeys by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in addition to sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Aspirated infected nasal fluids of seventeen turkey flocks affected with sinusitis were tested using PCR method for 16S rRNA genes of ORT then seven isolates were selected for sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis, followed by Gene Bank database submission. PCR results were positive for ORT bacterium at amplicon of 625 bp fragment in 12 out of 17 investigated turkey flocks with a percent of 70.59%.On sequencing of 16S rRNA genes, the selected isolates exhibited 100% similarity with each other, and Tur/France/94 strain and 99.8% with the Egyptian strains (MG773129-Egy-1, and MG773129-Egy-2), Tur/Hungary/2015, Ch/USA/91, Ch/South Africa/91, and Ch/France/95. All sequenced isolates were registered on the GenBank database and accession numbers were taken as follow,","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effect of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis against ThioacetamideInduced Hepatorenal Toxicity in Male Rats","authors":"Mai Elmeleh, Taha Attia, Hanem Elgendy","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320423","url":null,"abstract":"The present inquiry evaluated the possible pharmacological effects of Chlorella vulgaris (CV) and Spirulina platensis (SP) with special reference to their hepatorenal protective effect as well as their antioxidant activities against thioacetamide (TAA) acute toxicity. Thirty-six male Wister albino rats, weighing from 100 to 120 gm were applied in the present study. Rats were randomly allocated into 6groups each of 6 animals. Group I was maintained as the control healthy group. It was administrated distilled water orally for one month and normal saline at a dose of 1 ml IP. On the last two days of the experiment. The other groups were allocated into 5 groups including A, B, C, D and E. Group A was used as a control intoxicated with thioacetamide at a dose of 300 mg/ kg b.wt. IP for two days with 24 hrs intervals before the end of the experiment. Group B was stated as a standard protected group and it was treated with silymarin at a dose of 100 mg/kg b.wt. orally for one month. Group C was given Chlorella vulgaris orally at a quantity of 400 mg/kg b.wt. daily, for one month. Group D was given Spirulina platensis at a dose of 400 mg /kg b.wt. Orally daily for one month. Group E was given CV &SP at doses of 400 mg /kg b.wt each orally daily for one month. Groups B, C, D, and E were intoxicated with thioacetamide (TAA), at an amount of 300mg/kg b.wt. IP for two days with 24 hrs intervals at the end of the month. Toxicity of rats with thioacetamide substantially elevated the levels of alanine transferase and aspartate aminotransferase, serum urea, creatinine, and uric acid in addition to increased malon-di-aldehyde concentration. However, it significantly decreased total proteins, and total antioxidant capacity concentrations and decreased blood parameters. As well as it induced histopathological alterations in hepatic and renal tissue designs (delete). On the other hand, oral administration of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis ameliorated TAA-induced biochemical, pathological, and histopathological changes in hepatic tissues and renal tissues. This study stated that these algae attenuate thioacetamide and protect against hepatorenal toxicity, via their antioxidant properties.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}