Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation the Anticoccidial Efficacy of Oregano Oil and Allicin against Eimeria tenella in Experimentally Infected Broiler Chickens","authors":"Nasr Elbahy, Mahmoud AbouLaila, Ahmed ElKhatam, Mohammed Mater, Amanallah El-Bahrawy","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320455","url":null,"abstract":"Cecalcoccidiosis is a significant parasitic disease that affects poultry farms and is caused by Eimeria tenella . This study evaluated the anticoccidial efficacy of oregano oil and allicin against Eimeria tenella in experimentally infected broiler chickens. One hundred and twenty-one-day-old chicks were divided into six groups (20 chicks in each group): G1, non-infected non-treated (control negative group); G2, the infected non-treated (control positive group); G3was treated with amprolium; G4was treated with oregano oil, G5 was treated with allicin, andG6was treated with a mixed dose of oregano oil andallicin. All groups were challenged with 10 4 Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts at the 5 th day old except the first group (G1). Body weight (B.W), food conversion rate (FCR), oocyst count, hematology, serum biochemical parameters, and histopathology were assessed throughout the experiment in all groups. Oregano oil and allicin significantly improved B.W., FCR, lesion score, and oocyst count. Additionally, histopathology showed that the oregano oil and allicin successfully treated the cecum thoroughly; the cecum was average in its histology with the absence of E. tenella developmental stages. In conclusion, this study proved that oregano oil and allicin have a protective and curative effect as anti-coccidial drugs of plant origin on E. tenella-infected chickens. Furthermore, the mixture of the two chemicals is a promising treatment for E. tenella infection in broiler chickens.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Seasonal Dynamics of Rhipicephalus annulatus in Cattle and Buffaloes in Menoufia Governorate, Egypt.","authors":"Yousra Elabd, Ahmed ElKhtam, Nasr El-Bahy, Walid Mousa","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320456","url":null,"abstract":"Ticks are the most significant ectoparasities of livestock in tropical and sub-tropical areas. Ticks are responsible for severe economic losses as it is a vector of various protozoal, rickettsial, bacterial and viral diseases. The purpose of the current study was to determine the prevalence of Rhipicephalus annulatus infestations in cattle and buffaloes in Menoufia governorate with their seasonal dynamics. A total of 1885 animals (973 cattle and 912 buffaloes) were randomly inspected for Rhipicephalus annulatus infestation from September 2020 and August 2021. In accordance with the ticks' preferred sites, the samples were obtained from cattle and buffaloes of various ages and sex in three different locations in Menoufia governorate (Tala, Shebien EL-Kom and EL-Shohadaa districts) during various seasons that subjected to parasitological examination. The results revealed that the prevalence of Rhipicephalus annulatus in cattle and buffaloes was 26% and 9.32%. The highest infestation in cattle was observed in summer season 38.5% and the lowest was in winter 11.92%. Meanwhile, in buffaloes spring and autumn recorded high infestation 10.84% and10.96% with lower prevalence in winter 8.58%. In relation to the effect of some risk factors in dynamic distribution of Rhipicephalus annulatus infestation, it was found that a significant effect of season in prevalence of Rhipicephalus annulatus in cattle, but not in buffaloes. Regarding to age, it was observed that 1-5 years old cattle and buffaloes recorded the highest infestations with 42.3% and 14.07 %. Although non-significant difference in relation to sex of examined cattle and buffaloes. Moreover, the effect of locality had a high significant effect in cattle recorded 31.43%, 25.38%, 20.88% in Tala, Shebien El-kom and Al-Shohadaa respectively and in buffaloes14.9%, 8.9%, 4.2% respectively. In conclusion, Rhipicephalus annulatus has endemic nature in cattle and buffaloes in Menoufia governorate and the adoption of prioritised control programmes should be directed.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evolution and Molecular Characteristics of Polymerase Complex of H9N2 Avian Influenza Viruses in Egypt","authors":"Nahed Bedair, Moustafa Sakr, Ahmed Mostafa, Omaima Khamiss","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320447","url":null,"abstract":"H9N2 avian influenza virus is endemic in Egyptian domesticated birds since 2010.Due to their mammalian-like traits, H9N2 have crossed the species barrier resulting in mild to moderate infections. Currently, the H9N2 virus's capacity to contribute their genes to other AIVs, creating high and low pathogenic IAVs that might cross species barriers and infect people, is considered a global concern. It has been determined that the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of viruses (vRdRp) (polymerase complex) activity possesses a crucial role in modulating AIVs host adaptability to mammals and controlling of the viral ability to cross species barrier. Our study is conducted to screen the molecular progress of polymerase complex of H9N2 virus in Egypt, sequencing of the three genes of the polymerase complex and molecular characterization of the obtained sequences were achieved. Our findings showed the presence of some point mutations in the three genes (PB2, PB1and PA) which had previously been linked to increased viral replication, virulence, pathogenicity of avian influenza viruses in mammals.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus Circulating in Vaccinated Poultry Farms in Egypt During 2020","authors":"Asmaa Zain Eldeen, Abdelgayed Younes, Khalid Elbayoumi, Abdel Hamid Mussa, Mohammad Effat, Mohammad AboElkhair","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320446","url":null,"abstract":"Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is responsible for huge economic losses in birds worldwide. This study aims to isolate, identify, pathotype, and genetically characterize field isolates of NDV from various governorates in Egypt in 2020 (Giza, Gharbya, Kalyobiya, Cairo, and Menofiya). After the third passage, 23 of 50 infected samples (46%) showed positive hemagglutination activity in the collected allantoic fluid. The results revealed that all isolates from the governorates of Menoufia, Cairo, and Giza were velogenic, with a Mean death time (MDT) of 48 hours and an Intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) ranging from 1.55-1.65. Sequencing the 766-bp segment, including the 3' end of the matrix gene and the 5' end of the fusion gene from three different isolates, indicated that they all possessed the 112RRQKRF117 motif typical of the virulent isolates. The sequenced isolates were grouped with class II genotype VIIb and had a high genetic distance to the LaSota reference strain. It is concluded that NDV strains circulating among vaccinated poultry farms in Egypt are virulent genotype VII and had a high genetic distance to the LaSota reference strain, resulting in significant economic losses.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"8 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Elbow Luxation in Dogs and Cats: An Overview","authors":"Shaaban Gadallah, Mohamed El-Sunsafty, Ahmed Sharshar, Tarik Misk, Martin Kramer","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320451","url":null,"abstract":": Luxation of the elbow has been frequently reported in dogs and cats. It can occur in several forms lateral, medial, caudal luxation or Monteggia fracture. Several methods have been used for management of elbow luxation including closed or open reduction in combination with temporary joint immobilization. The later can be achieved via external coaptation, trans-articular pinning of external skeletal fixation. Although external coaptation is easy to apply and noninvasive, re-luxation, pressure sore, and decreased range of joint motion are the most reported complications. Transarticular pinning technique is simple based on fixation of the olecranon to the distal third of the humeral body. But it’s invasive, requires excessive soft tissue dissection, and a second surgery for its removal. Transarticular external skeletal fixation can be applied to the elbow in the form of rigid, hinged, or elastic fixation. Such technique is minimally invasive, allow easy access to skin wounds, and most of the fixation devices maintained outside the body. However, pin tract infection, premature pin losing and/or breakage, and bone fracture are the most common associated complications. This report reviews current fixation techniques used for stabilization of the elbow and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview On: Bacterial Fish Zoonoses","authors":"Asmaa Zin Eldin, Marwa Salman, Doha Salah Eldin, Nourhan Eissa","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320449","url":null,"abstract":"The word \"zoonosis\" describes a disease that people can catch from domestic or wild animals. Zoonoses demand particular care due to the extensive traffic in live aquatic animals and their products, as well as the global expansion of aquaculture. Due to the variety of transmission channels and the fact that many zoonotic diseases do not cause sickness in aquatic organisms, pathogen interactions between aquatic species and humans are complex. The following groupings can be used to classify zoonotic diseases: a) skin conditions brought on by contact with aquatic creatures or their byproducts b) Zoonotic diseases that can be contracted by eating or touching fish. C) Foodborne diseases caused on by ingesting raw or undercooked aquatic products. From a microbiological perspective, fish and related foods are a group that should be avoided. It is not advisable for people with weakened immune systems to handle fish or maintain fish aquariums. When handling fish or cleaning fish tanks, they should put on thick, waterproof gloves. As a result, it is essential to conduct ongoing epidemiological surveillance of zoonotic bacteria identified in fish and their impacts on public health.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Ceftiofur-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Raw Cow’s Milk and Kareish Cheese: Implications for Public Health","authors":"Asmaa El Refaey, Heba Hussein, Rabee Ombarak, Nasser Abbas, Ahmed Hammad","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320406","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real Time PCR versus Conventional Methods For Detection of Viable But NonCulturable E. Coli O157 Isolated From Food of Animal Origin","authors":"Alyaa Saad, Alaa El-din Hussein, Reda Tarabees","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320433","url":null,"abstract":"Escherichia coliO157:H7 consider an important zoonotic food borne pathogen that cause bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis (HC), hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) in human. E. coli O157:H7 use a viable but non culturable (VBNC) state as a survival strategy which regarded as a threat to food security and the health of society. In this dormant stage, pathogens can evade identification by standard techniques. So, PCR methods are used for identifying all viable (culturable and non-culturable). This study was performed on 500 samples (300 raw meat and 200 raw milk samples) collected from different supermarkets allover Menoufia, Egypt. Samples were subjected to conventional culture method then positive-culture samples were confirmed by biochemical and serological identification while negative-culture sample subjected to conventional PCR and PMA in combination with SYBR green real-time PCR for VBNC E. coli O157:H7 detection. The obtained data showed that the incidence of E. coli O157:H7 by the conventional method was 3% while the incidence of VBNC E. coli O157:H7 by PMA with SYBR green real-time PCR together was 10% for ten tested samples and 0.21% of 475 negative-culture samples. This study revealed that conventional and immunoassay methods were unable to identify VBNC case, also conventional PCR is unable to distinguish between dead and live bacterial cells. However, employing a real-time PCR technique alongside PMA has the necessary efficiency and sensitivity for identifying all viable (culturable and non-culturable) E. coli O157:H7","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Sodium Butyrate and Origanium Vulgare on Growth Performance, Biochemical Profile, Immune Status and Carcass Traits of Broiler Chickens","authors":"Hend Maarek, Taha Attia, Mostafa Shalaby, Saber Elhanbally","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320413","url":null,"abstract":"The principal goal of this research was to examine how the addition of sodium butyrate (SB) and Origanium vulgare (OV) to basal diet affects various aspects of broiler chicken production, including growth rate, biochemical markers, immune system function, and carcass traits. Five hundred one-day-old chicks of Cobb breed (males and females) were distributed at random way into five dietary treatment groups on floor pens, each group have 4 replicates (25 birds/replicate) and reared at a private farm. Group (G1) received basal diet without any addition (negative control). Birds of groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 received basal diet enriched with 500 g/ton sodium butyrate (SB), 500 g/ton Origanium vulgare (OV), 250 g/ton SB+OV and 500 g/ton SB+OV, respectively. At day 35 of rearing, the growth performance, biochemical profile, immunity parameters and carcass traits were evaluated. Our study demonstrated that supplementing basal diet with SB and OV , alone and in combination, resulted in improvements in body weight gain and feed conversion ratio and decreased levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) but increased total protein (TP), albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). It also increased levels of IgG and IgM and enhanced immunity as it elevated phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, lysozyme activity, and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titer against NDV. It improved carcass traits of broilers as it increased live weight and carcass weight and dressing percent (72.5%). It could be concluded that supplementation of basal diet with SB and OV, alone and in combination, improved growth performance, biochemical parameters, immune status, and carcass traits of broilers. Therefore, the utilization of sodium butyrate and Origanium vulgare as feed additives can be used as an effective and beneficial approach in broiler chicken production. Both have hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and immunostimulant effects. The mechanisms of action underlying these effects require further study in broiler chickens.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryptosporidiosis in Calves: Clinical Implications, Virulence Factors, and Future Prospectives with Special Reference to Egypt Situation","authors":"Gehad Ramzy, Mohamed Nayel, Ahmed Zaghawa, Akram Salama, Ahmed Elsify, Walid Mousa","doi":"10.21608/jcvr.2023.320443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jcvr.2023.320443","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptosporidiosis, an enteric disease of cattle particularly in young calves is becoming increasingly important. It is a common and significant zoonotic gastrointestinal parasite and a highly infectious disease and infection can occur by few numbers of oocysts. Signs are typically characterized by copious watery diarrhea with weight loss as well as abdominal discomfort, dehydration is very dangerous sign may cause mortalities, fatigue, cramp, vomiting. In addition, asymptomatic infection can occur according to immune state and age of animals. As an emergent pathogen, it developed many virulence factors to escape from the host immune response and resist many antiprotozoal compounds, which in turn is responsible for huge economic losses in the form of calf mortalities, decrease milk productions, meat production. In the current study, we discussed animals and humans’ clinical implications, virulence factors, host pathogen interactions, recent trends in prevention and control and recent developed drugs and treatment. Finally, this comprehensive review has presented an updated view of the status and future perspectives in the field of cryptosporidiosis, which will help in controlling it worldwide.","PeriodicalId":488975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Veterinary Research (Online)","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}