Effect of Sodium Butyrate and Origanium Vulgare on Growth Performance, Biochemical Profile, Immune Status and Carcass Traits of Broiler Chickens

The principal goal of this research was to examine how the addition of sodium butyrate (SB) and Origanium vulgare (OV) to basal diet affects various aspects of broiler chicken production, including growth rate, biochemical markers, immune system function, and carcass traits. Five hundred one-day-old chicks of Cobb breed (males and females) were distributed at random way into five dietary treatment groups on floor pens, each group have 4 replicates (25 birds/replicate) and reared at a private farm. Group (G1) received basal diet without any addition (negative control). Birds of groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 received basal diet enriched with 500 g/ton sodium butyrate (SB), 500 g/ton Origanium vulgare (OV), 250 g/ton SB+OV and 500 g/ton SB+OV, respectively. At day 35 of rearing, the growth performance, biochemical profile, immunity parameters and carcass traits were evaluated. Our study demonstrated that supplementing basal diet with SB and OV , alone and in combination, resulted in improvements in body weight gain and feed conversion ratio and decreased levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) but increased total protein (TP), albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). It also increased levels of IgG and IgM and enhanced immunity as it elevated phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, lysozyme activity, and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titer against NDV. It improved carcass traits of broilers as it increased live weight and carcass weight and dressing percent (72.5%). It could be concluded that supplementation of basal diet with SB and OV, alone and in combination, improved growth performance, biochemical parameters, immune status, and carcass traits of broilers. Therefore, the utilization of sodium butyrate and Origanium vulgare as feed additives can be used as an effective and beneficial approach in broiler chicken production. Both have hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and immunostimulant effects. The mechanisms of action underlying these effects require further study in broiler chickens.