{"title":"Businesses Need to Sustain Output for Four-Day Workweek to Work","authors":"Abhishek Bajaj, Shannon Boo, Gim Guan Sim, Yvonne Lum, Edwin Lye","doi":"10.1142/s2811031523000177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2811031523000177","url":null,"abstract":"The four-day workweek has gained renewed prominence globally as part of the larger employer-employee compact refresh. The Singapore National Employers Federation’s survey investigated employers’ perspectives towards the four-day workweek and their reasons for supporting or not supporting it. A total of 236 companies responded from 28 October 2022 to 11 November 2022. Results indicated that one in four companies had implemented or were interested in implementing a four-day workweek, with reasons including improving employees’ job satisfaction and well-being while strengthening the company’s value proposition. Companies who were not interested in implementing a four-day workweek cited challenges with the business operations cycle, cost increases due to additional manpower, and concerns about fair implementation across all employees. Our findings highlight the need to balance the trade-offs between business continuity and output with autonomy and flexibility in workplaces.","PeriodicalId":488738,"journal":{"name":"Singapore Labour Journal","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relevance of Workplace Learning in Enterprise Transformation: The Prospects for Singapore","authors":"Stephen Billett","doi":"10.1142/s2811031523000128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2811031523000128","url":null,"abstract":"In Singapore, as in many other countries, there is a growing focus on working age adults’ learning across their working lives to remain employable and contribute to the viability and continuity of the public and private sector enterprises in which they work. This focus extends to these workers’ ability to be innovative. Those innovative capacities are being increasingly requested by employers and governments alike to respond to ongoing and emerging social and economic challenges. This paper proposes responses to these two key government goals: (i) enhancing skills upgrading, and (ii) enterprises becoming more innovative in response to global economic challenges. First, it proposes approaches to Singaporean workplaces becoming “learning practices” to maintain and upgrade workforce skills, largely through their engagement in everyday work activities and interactions. The case made here draws on Australian studies of learning in and through work and its augmentation. Second, it proposes engaging workers more in initiating, enacting, and monitoring innovations at work to be both generative of their learning and bringing about change in their workplaces. This case is made by drawing upon the findings of investigations of innovations and learning in Singaporean small to medium sized enterprises.","PeriodicalId":488738,"journal":{"name":"Singapore Labour Journal","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135312333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Growing Scope and Impact of the Progressive Wage Model","authors":"Terence Ho","doi":"10.1142/s2811031523000153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2811031523000153","url":null,"abstract":"This paper outlines the origins and evolution of Singapore’s Progressive Wage Model (PWM), an initiative to raise the incomes of lower-wage workers through stipulated wage floors and ladders corresponding to skills and productivity. The PWM has evolved from a niche scheme targeting outsourced service sectors, viz. cleaning, security, and landscaping, to a national programme covering the majority of lower-wage workers. It has helped to narrow the wage gap without reducing employment. However, the wage ladders will require continual updating, and businesses and consumers will have to adjust to higher costs as Singapore strives to become a more inclusive society.","PeriodicalId":488738,"journal":{"name":"Singapore Labour Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135267002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Auditing Gig Work Platforms: Fairwork’s Research, Advocacy, and Impact","authors":"Jack Linchuan Qiu, Renyi Hong, Adam Badger","doi":"10.1142/s281103152300013x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s281103152300013x","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of the “gig economy” poses fundamental challenges to pre-existing social compacts regarding labour relations around the world, with vital implications for Singapore’s workforce, economic growth, and its tripartism framework. While some see an inevitable trend towards digital technologies and artificial intelligence (AI)-powered platforms dominating workers, others seek to find solutions through state intervention and/or corporate self-management. Both latter approaches, we contend, would be incomplete without hearing the voices of gig workers and considering their experiences in light of relevant platform policies and government regulations. Can gig work platforms be subjected to labour audits? If so, how? This paper introduces the Fairwork project as a case in which labour audits are conducted to assess ride-hailing and food delivery platforms across five continents in 30 countries including Singapore. We aim to discuss the project’s background and its five main principles, its methods of research and advocacy, the promises of auditing gig work platforms, its social and policy impact, and its limitations. We also present findings from focus groups and interviews involving ride-hailing drivers and food delivery riders in Singapore, which were conducted in 2021–2022 using the Fairwork methodology. In so doing, we discuss the lessons learnt from the case of Fairwork and similar projects of labour-auditing gig work platforms, which deserve more attention and exploration in Singapore and elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":488738,"journal":{"name":"Singapore Labour Journal","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135311134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fostering Learning Opportunities for Workers: Looking Through the Lens of a Practitioner","authors":"Silin Yang, Zoe Seah, Rachel Chow","doi":"10.1142/s2811031523000190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2811031523000190","url":null,"abstract":"Many countries around the world are on a journey to help workers master skills throughout their careers and develop a culture of lifelong learning. Singapore has also made considerable strides towards the development of lifelong learning with its SkillsFuture national movement to change how people view skills, jobs, and learning. In our continuous effort to enhance the training and learning ecosystem, it is timely for us to review the training and learning opportunities provided for workers. This paper proposes a paradigm shift to frame training and learning of workers around a 3Cs perspective—Core, Critical, and Community. Through the 3Cs perspective, three strategies are recommended to foster learning opportunities for workers.","PeriodicalId":488738,"journal":{"name":"Singapore Labour Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135269117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Labour Unions in a Just Transition: Insights From the Workers","authors":"Samuel Chng, Harvey Neo, Ariel Tan, Bayi Li","doi":"10.1142/s2811031523000141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2811031523000141","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change will bring about changes in production and consumption patterns globally. Workers largely understand that a transformation of their industry and organisation is impending, but there is uncertainty about what this transition will look like. However, ensuring meaningful employment amidst mitigation to address climate change within organisations, can be aligned to address workers’ concerns. Enhancing existing livelihoods and income is fundamental to this transition. A strategy for changes that are fair and equitable for all stakeholders, or what is termed as “Just Transition,” is necessary to ensure that the future sustainable economy provides new and meaningful green jobs for workers. This study reports findings from a survey with 1,000 Singaporean and Permanent Resident workers in Singapore investigating their perceptions, attitudes, and priorities in a Just Transition. First, despite the ongoing push for sustainability, workers’ top concerns today and in the coming decade are the cost of living and livelihoods. Climate change is of less concern. Even among workers with strong pro-environmental attitudes, cost of living, livelihoods, and an ageing workforce were greater priorities. Second, workers are seeking certainty of what Just Transition looks like and reassurances that job opportunities will be available. These hint at existing uncertainties among workers about jobs, livelihood, and impending changes that will take place as part of this transition. Third, workers see a role played by unions in Just Transition and this role is multifaceted and builds on existing advocacy, negotiation, and partnership activities.","PeriodicalId":488738,"journal":{"name":"Singapore Labour Journal","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135312352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Multi-Dimensional Inventory for Measuring Future Graduates’ Work Readiness","authors":"Betsy Ng","doi":"10.1142/s2811031523000165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2811031523000165","url":null,"abstract":"The present brief paper offers a multi-dimensional work readiness inventory for measuring future graduates’ work readiness. It also highlights the importance of career success and employability by identifying the 21 dimensions of work readiness. This paper provides a summary of how the study developed and validated the work readiness assessment inventory (WRAI) using a total of 1,076 university students in Singapore. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to validate the WRAI. Using factorial analyses, this study examined the reliability and convergent validity of this inventory, suggesting that the WRAI could be used in universities and organisations to bridge the expectations of employees and employers. As there are limited numbers of studies which have developed and validated an inventory relating to work-ready attributes of graduates, the findings in this study can contribute significantly to research and practice areas regarding workforce development. Only by equipping our graduates with work-ready attributes, can they be competent and be confident in finding career success. This brief paper also contributes to labour policy by informing the key stakeholders that relevant work-ready attributes are important for career success and workplace transition which in turn relates to lifelong employability.","PeriodicalId":488738,"journal":{"name":"Singapore Labour Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Addressing Employment Challenges for Ex-Offenders","authors":"Patrick Tay","doi":"10.1142/s2811031523000189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2811031523000189","url":null,"abstract":"This practitioner note provides an overview of the National Trades Union Congress’ (NTUC) engagement initiatives with ex-offenders, inmates, and employers interested in hiring them. These efforts aim to address the marginalised segments affected by the rapidly evolving economic and labour landscape. NTUC’s broader campaign to renew its compact with workers encompassed these engagements. In tackling the employment challenges faced by ex-offenders, NTUC remains dedicated to expanding the pool of inclusive employers, improving job retention rates, and fostering career progression. However, to facilitate long-term rehabilitation, it is imperative for tripartite partners and the community to collaborate on initiating workplace mentorship programmes, integrating therapeutic interventions with Career Retention Support initiatives, and introducing supportive communities for ex-offenders.","PeriodicalId":488738,"journal":{"name":"Singapore Labour Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taking the Plunge: Professionalising the Plumbing Sector","authors":"Cheong Ling Tan, Shawn Seah, Rita Wong, Daphne Liow","doi":"10.1142/s2811031523000219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2811031523000219","url":null,"abstract":"There is a strategic national need to ensure that essential services in Singapore, such as plumbing, are safeguarded and have a pipeline of local talents. How might we professionalise the plumbing sector in Singapore, addressing the challenges faced and, by doing so, attracting local talents? Through extensive ground experience, a sectoral operation and technology road-mapping (SOTR) exercise, and an international scan, this paper surveys the plumbing landscape; identifies key issues and problems facing the sector, like the lack of progressive career-developing pathways; aging profile of Licensed Plumbers; and lack of price transparency in pricing plumbing services. This think piece also suggests some solutions, including their potential limitations. One potential way forward is a future model, the Career Progression Model (CPM).","PeriodicalId":488738,"journal":{"name":"Singapore Labour Journal","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135313086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Upskilling for Non-PMETs: Challenges and Opportunities in the Policy Landscape","authors":"Muhammad Farouq Osman","doi":"10.1142/s2811031523000207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2811031523000207","url":null,"abstract":"Against the background of rapid technological change and globalisation, worker upskilling and reskilling is an important plank of Singapore’s manpower policy. It serves not only Singapore’s economic interests, but its social imperatives too, as the country strives to forge an inclusive society. However, Singapore’s non-professionals, managers, executives and technicians (non-PMETs) workers—who are at greatest risk of job redundancies—lag behind their PMET peers in training participation. This paper analyses existing policy measures to encourage skills upgrading among non-PMETs, before examining the case studies of Denmark and Norway. The paper then delves into five recommendations to make training accessible to as many non-PMETs as possible, and encourage higher training participation among them. The recommendations underline the need for a holistic and customised approach to create a more conducive policy environment for non-PMET training.","PeriodicalId":488738,"journal":{"name":"Singapore Labour Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}