Journal of Endocrinological Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Insights into pubertal development: a narrative review on the role of epigenetics.","authors":"Anna-Mariia Shulhai, Anna Munerati, Marialaura Menzella, Paola Palanza, Susanna Esposito, Maria Elisabeth Street","doi":"10.1007/s40618-024-02513-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-024-02513-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Puberty is a key phase of growth and development, characterized by psychophysical transformations. It is driven by a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental variables. Epigenetic mechanisms, including histone post-translational modifications and chromatin remodeling, microRNAs, and DNA methylation, play important roles in orchestrating the developmental processes. We describe environmental factors that may interact with genetics, and factors influencing puberty onset, focusing in particular on epigenetic mechanisms that can help understand the timing and variations that lead to precocious or delayed puberty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a narrative review of associations between puberty and epigenetic mechanisms through a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The chromatin landscape of genes as KISS1 has revealed dynamic changes in histone modifications as puberty approaches, influencing the stimulation or inhibition of gene expression critical for reproductive maturation. MiRNAs regulate gene expression, whereas DNA methylation affects activation or repression of gene transcription of genes involved in pubertal timing. Moreover, studies in animal models have provided insights into the role of DNA methylation and miRNAs in brain sexual differentiation, highlighting the active involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in shaping sexually dimorphic brain structures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review highlights the importance of understanding the complex interplay between epigenetic regulation and pubertal development, which can lead to new therapeutic options and shed light on the fundamental processes driving reproductive maturation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated view of the pathophysiological crosstalk between adipose tissue, bone and cardiovascular system in men and women.","authors":"Fationa Tolaj Klinaku, Laura Comi, Claudia Giglione, Paolo Magni","doi":"10.1007/s40618-024-02516-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-024-02516-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity, bone-related and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the leading global health concerns. Growing evidence suggests that these conditions share common pathophysiological pathways and disease outcomes. PATHOGENETIC INTERACTIONS OF OBESITY, CVD AND BONE-RELATED DISEASES: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD), as dysfunctional ectopic adipose tissue may produce endocrine/paracrine hormones modulating metabolic processes and inflammation, predisposing to ASCVD. Although obesityhas been considered a protective factor for bone loss, it may lead to osteoporosis development and increased fracture risk at specific sites. Biological and epidemiological evidence has demonstrated the existence of a dynamic relationship between ASCVD and osteoporosis, since atherosclerotic calcification and bone mineralization share common pathophysiological mechanisms. Therefore, addressing ASCVD, obesity, and bone-related diseases requires multiple-level approach, which involve accurate screening, lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions.The current evidence about the pathophysiological relationships between obesity, bone-related diseases and ASCVD is discussed herein, highlighting common risk factors, proposed biomolecular mechanisms, clinical outcomes, lifestyle changes and pharmacological treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As populations become increasingly older and obese, understanding the correlation within this triad highlights an unmet clinical need. Applying this knowledge would help to reduce both societal and individual costs, while supporting the development of novel preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to reduce morbidity and disability associated with cardio-metabolic and bone-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":48802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of computer scientists in the assessment of thyroid nodules using TIRADS lexicons.","authors":"P Trimboli, A Colombo, E Gamarra, L Ruinelli, A Leoncini","doi":"10.1007/s40618-024-02518-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-024-02518-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Ultrasound (US) evaluation is recognized as pivotal in assessing the risk of malignancy (RoM) of thyroid nodules (TNs). Recently, various US-based risk-classification systems (Thyroid Imaging and Reporting Data Systems [TIRADSs] have been developed. An important ongoing project concerns the creation of an international system (I-TIRADS) using unique terminology. Since online tool allow clinicians and patients to stratify the RoM of any TN, the role of computer scientist (CS) should be relevant. This study explored the performance of CS in assessing TNs across the TIRADS categories.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The most diffused TIRADSs (i.e., ACR, EU, and K) were considered. Three-hundred scenarios were created. A CS was asked to assess the 300 TNs according to ACR-, EU-, and K-TIRADS. These data were compared with that of clinicians. The inter-observer agreement was estimated with Cohen kappa (κ). Word-cloud plots were used to graph the US descriptors with disagreement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The correspondence of the CS's assessment with the physicians was 100%, 81%, and 43%, using ACR-, EU-, and K-TIRADS, respectively. The CS was unable to classify 19/100 TNs according to EU-TIRADS and 15/100 TNs according to K-TIRADS. The inter-observer agreement between CS and physicians was excellent for ACR-TIRADS (κ = 1), moderate for EU-TIRADS (κ = 0.56), and fair for K-TIRADS (κ = 0.22). Among the non-concordant cases, 16/22 descriptors for EU-TIRADS and 18/18 descriptors for K-TIRADS were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CSs are confident with the ACR-TIRADS lexicon and structure while not with EU- and K-TIRADS, probably because they are pattern-based systems requiring medical training.</p>","PeriodicalId":48802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Male osteoporosis: the impact of lifestyle, from nutrition to physical activity.","authors":"Giuseppe Defeudis, Ludovica Cardinali, Samaneh Eftekhariranjbar, Maria Chiara Massari, Silvia Migliaccio","doi":"10.1007/s40618-024-02517-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40618-024-02517-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Male osteoporosis is an increasing worldwide pathological condition, characterized by an increased risk of fragility fractures, that is underestimated, underdiagnosed and undertreated. Prevention and treatment play a pivotal role in reducing fractures, and it is important to remember that therapeutic interventions include balanced nutrition and physical activity. Pharmacological treatments are the main and most effective tool to achieve numerous and decisive benefits in this population. Among these, testosterone replacement therapy, when allowed by circumstances and comorbidities, is useful. Anyway, the main goal is always to start from lifestyle, including nutrition and physical activity, plays a very important and crucial role. The many pieces of this puzzle, called lifestyle, need to be accurately collected and grouped carefully, in order to be able to have a broad picture of what needs to be integrated and what is sufficient for the ultimate purpose of enabling each individual man to have a sufficient basic health point. Thus, the purpose of this short narrative review is to highlight the preventive and therapeutic role of lifestyle components, particularly nutrition and physical activity, in males with osteoporosis. Finally, an evaluation of the impact of the main current diets used in recent years and the main physical activities as strategies for the safety of male bone health.</p>","PeriodicalId":48802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PCOS - the many faces of a disorder in women and men.","authors":"Naz Guleray Lafci, Bulent Yilmaz, Bulent Okan Yildiz","doi":"10.1007/s40618-024-02512-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40618-024-02512-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a very common endocrine, metabolic and reproductive disorder. The underlying pathophysiology is not yet fully understood and both genetic and environmental factors contribute to its development. We aimed to explore clinical and genetic aspects of familial clustering in PCOS, shedding light on its reproductive and metabolic consequences in both male and female first-degree relatives of the affected women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Searching the electronic database of PubMed up to October 2023, we synthesized findings from available prospective and retrospective studies and review articles, investigating the familial clustering of PCOS and incorporating data on its metabolic consequences and genetic associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There is a significant clustering of reproductive and metabolic abnormalities in first-degree relatives of women with PCOS. Genetic studies, including genome-wide association studies (GWAS), reveal a complex molecular etiology, emphasizing polygenic architecture. This is supported by the identification of two distinct PCOS subtypes, termed \"reproductive\" and \"metabolic\" which exhibit differential genetic underpinnings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinicians should be aware of increased reproductive and metabolic dysfunction both in female and male first-degree relatives of PCOS probands. Current challenges include refining genetic risk scores and understanding the impact of PCOS genetic factors on diverse outcomes, necessitating a sex-specific approach in research and clinical practice. Future directions should address causality, improve diagnostic capability, and unravel the long-term consequences in both genders, emphasizing the importance of proactive clinical assessment in PCOS probands and their families.</p>","PeriodicalId":48802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering ¹⁸F-DOPA uptake in SDH-related head and neck paragangliomas: a radiomics approach.","authors":"Valentina Berti, Elsa Fasciglione, Anne Charpiot, Flavio Montanini, Miriam Pepponi, Andrea Leo, Fabrice Hubele, David Taieb, Karel Pacak, Bernard Goichot, Alessio Imperiale","doi":"10.1007/s40618-024-02515-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-024-02515-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the influence of germline succinate dehydrogenase (SDHx) pathogenic variants on 6-[¹⁸F]-fluoro-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (¹⁸F-DOPA) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) radiomic signature of head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-seven patients (20 SDH pathogenic variants carriers) harboring 55 HNPGLs were retrospectively included. HNPGLs were delineated using Nestle adaptive threshold. 128 radiomic features were extracted and harmonized to correct for batch effects. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to remove redundancy and avoid collinearity. The most representative feature of each component was tested with multivariate stepwise logistic binary regression analysis (LBRA) to identify variables predictive of genetic status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>¹⁸F-DOPA Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) detected 28/29 carotid body HNPGLs, 23/23 jugulotympanic HNPGLs, and 4/4 vagal HNPGLs. SUVmax was significantly higher in SDH-related HNPGLs (p = 0.003). PCA allowed identification of 4 Components. The most representative variables of Component 1 and 2 (including intensity and intensity-related textural features, and not intensity-related textural features, respectively) were Intensity-based (IB)-SUVmedian and Grey Level Run Length Matrix-Long Run Low Gray Level Emphasis (GLRLM-LRLGLE). SDHx HNPGLs exhibited higher activity scores and more homogeneous texture. At patient level, SDHx cases showed significantly higher IB-SUVmedian values (p < 0.001), and lower GLRLM-LRLGLE than sporadic patients (p = 0.005). IB-SUVmedian was found to be an independent predictor of genetic status at lesion (71.0%) and patient level (77.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study pioneers the application of ¹⁸F-DOPA PET radiomics for HNPGLs, suggesting the influence of germline SDH pathogenic variants on ¹⁸F-FDOPA uptake intensity and textural heterogeneity. Integrating radiomics with genetic data provides new insights into the correlation between PET features and underlying molecular dysregulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Was the painter's model for Hercules an acromegalic giant?","authors":"Francesco Trimarchi, Enio Martino","doi":"10.1007/s40618-024-02514-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-024-02514-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic, genetic and immunological features of relatives of type 1 diabetes patients with elevated insulin resistance.","authors":"V Codazzi, V Salvatore, F Ragogna, I Marzinotto, A Anselmo, N Baldoni, M R Pastore, S Martinenghi, A Stabilini, E Bosi, A Giustina, L Piemonti, I Libman, H M Ismail, M J Redondo, V Lampasona, P Monti, A Giovenzana, A Petrelli","doi":"10.1007/s40618-024-02497-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-024-02497-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Insulin resistance plays a pivotal role in the preclinical stages of type 1 diabetes (T1D).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims at exploring the genetic, metabolic, and immunological features associated with insulin resistance among individuals at risk of developing T1D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively selected relatives of individuals with T1D from participants in the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study. They were categorized into two groups: high-H (n = 27) and low-H (n = 30), based on the upper and lower quartiles of insulin resistance assessed using the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Genetic predisposition was determined using the T1D Genetic Risk Score 1 (GRS1). Additionally, glucose control was evaluated through an oral glucose tolerance test and levels of metabolic hormones and inflammatory cytokines were measured in the serum. Flow cytometry analysis was employed to assess frequency and phenotype of islet-specific CD8 T cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While GRS1 were similar between the low-H and high-H groups, high-H individuals displayed a distinct metabolic profile, characterized by compensatory hyperinsulinemia, even while maintaining normoglycemia. Circulating cytokine levels were similar between the two groups. However, immune profiling revealed a central memory and activated profile of GAD65-specific CD8 T cells, along with an increased frequency of insulin-specific CD8 T cells in high-H individuals. The enrichment in insulin-specific CD8 T cells was independent of body mass.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the intricate interplay between insulin resistance, genetic factors, and immune activation in the context of T1D susceptibility, indicating potential connections between insulin resistance and immune responses specific to islet cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":48802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aggressive variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma: characteristics, influencing factors, and effectiveness of radioiodine therapy.","authors":"Yuqi Deng, Liqin Pan, Yifan Xu, Yifei Duan, Erhao Chen, Yumei Luo, Huijuan Feng, Wei Ouyang","doi":"10.1007/s40618-024-02507-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-024-02507-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the pathological characteristics of aggressive variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and evaluate the efficacy of radioiodine (RAI) therapy for these variants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed 129 patients with aggressive variants of PTC and compared them to those of 4460 patients with non-aggressive variants. And we examined the efficacy of RAI therapy in 70 eligible patients with aggressive variants of PTC and 2530 eligible patients with non-aggressive variants of PTC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Aggressive and non-aggressive variants of PTC demonstrated a greater degree of variability in terms of age, multifocality, capsular invasion, vascular invasion, extrathyroidal invasion, lymph node metastases, disease stage, risk stratification, N stage, comorbid with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and comorbid with nodular goiter (NG). Propensity score matching method showed poor efficacy of RAI treatment in patients with aggressive variants of PTC compared with non-aggressive variants. Multifactorial analysis showed that comorbid NG was an independent risk factor for poor effectiveness of RAI treatment for aggressive PTC variants ((hazard ratio (HR) 3.027; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.295-7.075).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Aggressive variants of PTC demonstrated a higher degree of aggressiveness and poor efficacy of RAI therapy compared to non-aggressive variants, especially comorbid with NG, which may require higher therapeutic 131I dosage.</p>","PeriodicalId":48802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The immune mechanism of the mTOR/ACC1/CPT1A fatty acid oxidation signaling pathway in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.","authors":"Lu Zhang, Mengfan He, Yanyan Liu, Baohua Wang, Xingjie Xie, Haixia Liu","doi":"10.1007/s40618-024-02501-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-024-02501-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), which is distinguished by high thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) or thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb). The differentiation of CD4⁺T cell subsets in patients with HT is imbalanced, with Treg cells decreased and Th17 cells abnormally activated. Fatty acid oxidation supports the differentiation of Th17 cells and induces inflammation, but the specific mechanism is still unknown. This study aimed to explore the role of fatty acid oxidation and its pathway in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroiditis and the immune mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In in vitro experiments, a total of 60 HT patients and 20 healthy controls were selected and their CD4⁺T cells were sorted by magnetic beads. All 80 samples were divided into 4 groups on average: HC group (Healthy control group), HT group (Hashimoto thyroiditis CD4⁺T cell inactive group), TCC group(Hashimoto thyroiditis CD4⁺T cell activation), TCC + ETO group(Hashimoto thyroiditis CD4⁺T cell activation + Etomoxir group). In in vivo experiments, the mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: Con group(Control group), mTg group (CBA/J mice were injected with mTg for modeling, that is EAT mice group), and mTg + ETO group (Etomoxir intervention in EAT mice group). Fatty acid oxidation substrates of CD4⁺T cells in human peripheral blood were detected by targeted metabolomics. The expressions of key fatty acid oxidation proteins mTOR, ACC1 and CPT1A were detected by Western blotting. The proportion of CD4⁺T cell subtype differentiation in human and mouse models was detected by flow cytometry. The severity of EAT was detected by HE staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with healthy controls, the level of CPT1A in CD4⁺T cells of HT patients was increased, and the intracellular fatty acid content was significantly decreased, indicating that the level of fatty acid oxidation was enhanced in HT patients. After adding Etomoxir, the level of fatty acid oxidation was significantly inhibited, and the imbalance of CD4⁺T cell subpopulation differentiation in HT patients was reversed. In EAT mice, the mTOR/ACC1/CPT1A pathway was significantly activated, and its expression level was decreased after adding Etomoxir. At the same time, Etomoxir could reverse the reprogramming of abnormal metabolism in EAT mice cells, reduce the spleen index, and improve lymphocyte infiltration in the thyroid.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mTOR/ACC1/CPT1A fatty acid oxidation pathway of CD4⁺T cells in Hashimoto's thyroiditis was increased, and treatment with Etomoxir could inhibit the activation of this pathway, and reverse the reprogramming of abnormal metabolism in CD4⁺T cells, thereby reducing Hashimoto's thyroiditis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}