Journal of Veterinary Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic value of two-dimensional echocardiographic measurements of the pulmonary artery diameter and the pulmonary artery distensibility index to detect pulmonary hypertension in horses","authors":"A. Ferraro med. vet. ,&nbsp;S. Hartnack PD Dr. med. vet. ,&nbsp;C.C. Schwarzwald Dr. med. vet., PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction/objectives</h3><p>Echocardiographic diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in horses is usually based on Doppler interrogation of tricuspid (TR) or pulmonic regurgitation (PR). This study aimed at investigating two-dimensional echocardiographic (2DE) variables, including pulmonary artery diameter (PAD) and pulmonary artery distensibility index (PADI), to diagnose PH.</p></div><div><h3>Animals, materials and methods</h3><p>41 healthy horses; 82 horses with TR or PR and normal intracardiac pressure gradients; and 35 horses with TR or PR velocities indicating PH. The 2DE variables were compared between groups, cut-offs for the diagnosis of PH were determined, and conditional inference trees served to identify the variable best predicting PH in the absence of TR or PR.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Horses with PH had larger end-diastolic cross-sectional (short-axis) PAD (PAD_ed-sx) (5.8 ± 1.0 cm; mean ± SD) and smaller PADI_[/PADps] (15.4 ± 7.7%) than healthy horses (5.0 ± 0.6 cm, P&lt;0.0001; 20.5 ± 4.4%, P&lt;0.001) and horses with TR or PR but no PH (5.3 ± 0.6 cm, P=0.003; 18.8 ± 4.2%, P=0.005). PAD_ed-sx predicted PH with sensitivity (Se) = 36% and specificity (Sp) = 94% (cut-off 6.0 cm, AUC = 0.668, P=0.002), while PADI_[/PADps] predicted PH with Se = 43% and Sp = 92% (cut-off 13.7%, AUC = 0.662, P=0.004). In the absence of TR, PAD_ed-sx and the end-diastolic long-axis aortic diameter-to-PAD_ed-sx ratio (AoD_ed-lx/PAD_ed-sx) were most suitable to diagnose PH.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>PAD_ed-sx and PADI were moderately specific but not very sensitive to diagnosing PH. Nonetheless, they may be used as complementary indices suggesting PH in the absence of TR or PR.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"49 ","pages":"Pages 52-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41216852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant right atrial aneurysm associated with persistent left cranial vena cava in a cat","authors":"C.L. Block DVM ,&nbsp;N.M. Tong DVM","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>A 10-month-old female spayed Scottish Fold was referred to cardiology for incidental radiographic </span>cardiomegaly<span>. Echocardiography<span><span> was suspicious for a right atrial or right auricular aneurysm. The differential diagnosis also included peritoneal–pericardial diaphragmatic hernia, mass lesion (cyst, granuloma, or neoplasia), or cardiac </span>malformation. A giant right atrial aneurysm associated with a persistent left cranial </span></span></span>vena cava<span> was subsequently confirmed with computed tomography.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"49 ","pages":"Pages 38-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10131093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation and a concurrent patent ductus arteriosus in a Doberman","authors":"G. Mampaey DVM ,&nbsp;E. Stock DVM, PhD ,&nbsp;K. Kromhout DVM, PhD ,&nbsp;L. Stammeleer DVM ,&nbsp;T. Roggeman DVM ,&nbsp;P. Smets DVM, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>A 7-week-old male Doberman presented with tachypnea<span>, dyspnea and a VI/VI, left cranial, continuous heart murmur. Thoracic radiographs revealed severe left-sided </span></span>cardiomegaly<span><span>, presence of a rounded soft tissue opacity in the caudodorsal aspect of the thoracic cavity and signs of left-sided </span>congestive heart failure. Clinical signs of heart failure were medically controlled. </span></span>Echocardiography<span><span> and computed tomography<span><span><span> demonstrated a left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus<span> (PDA) in combination with a right-to-left shunting pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) between the right main </span></span>pulmonary artery<span> and the right caudal pulmonary vein<span>. Arterial blood gasses revealed mild </span></span></span>hypoxemia<span>. Transcatheter occlusion of the PDA using an Amplatz Canine<span><span> Duct Occluder was performed. Four months post-operatively, echocardiography showed normal cardiac size and function with complete PDA closure. Thoracic radiographs revealed absence of the rounded opacity and resolution of cardiomegaly and vascular congestion. The PAVM was no longer visualized on repeated computed tomography and the arterial blood gasses were within normal limits. A PAVM connecting a pulmonary artery to a pulmonary vein has only rarely been reported in </span>dogs. This report describes the presence of a congenital PAVM in combination with a PDA in a dog, which has not been previously reported in </span></span></span></span>veterinary medicine.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"49 ","pages":"Pages 44-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41154086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping for guidance of pulmonary vein isolation as treatment for persistent atrial fibrillation in a dog","authors":"A. Hellemans DVM ,&nbsp;M. Duytschaever MD, PhD ,&nbsp;G. Van Steenkiste DVM, PhD ,&nbsp;G. van Loon DVM, PhD ,&nbsp;G. Mampaey DVM ,&nbsp;T. Bosmans DVM, PhD ,&nbsp;E. Stock DVM, PhD ,&nbsp;M. Skotarek DVM ,&nbsp;P. Smets DVM, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>A two-year and four-month, male German Shepherd was referred for </span>exercise intolerance<span> and panting. Irregular heart auscultation<span><span> (250 beats per minute (bpm)) and pulse deficits were noted on physical exam. Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed irregular, narrow-QRS tachycardia<span> without P waves compatible with coarse </span></span>atrial fibrillation (AF). A 24-h ECG showed sustained AF (mean ventricular response rate 92 bpm). </span></span></span>Echocardiography<span> showed no structural abnormalities. Given the young age and presence of AF-related symptoms, rhythm control was preferred. Transthoracic electrical cardioversion<span> was successfully performed six weeks later but AF recurred within 24-h. Sotalol was started but discontinued due to poor tolerance and AF persisted.</span></span></p><p>Seven months after AF diagnosis, radiofrequency catheter ablation<span><span><span> (RFCA) aiming for pulmonary vein<span> isolation was performed under general anaesthesia<span>. After transseptal puncture, three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping of the left atrium was performed. Point-by-point pulmonary vein isolation was achieved by RFCA. Seventy-eight RFCA lesions were placed in the left atrium encircling the three pulmonary vein ostia followed by electrical cardioversion. No complications occurred and the </span></span></span>dog was discharged with </span>amiodarone.</span></p><p><span>In the immediate post-operative phase, there was recurrence of persistent AF requiring electrical cardioversion. Furthermore, at one month after the ablation, the dog experienced a single and transient paroxysm of AF. Since then, stable sinus rhythm (SR) was retained on daily </span>ECG monitoring at home and confirmed by 24-h ECG three months post-operatively. Amiodarone was stopped subsequently. At the time of writing (one year post-operative), the dog remains in SR with normal exercise tolerance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"49 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9899300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal title page and editorial board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1760-2734(23)00078-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1760-2734(23)00078-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"49 ","pages":"Page i"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1760273423000784/pdfft?md5=7f583dd34defef1dff9a6491f76a13d6&pid=1-s2.0-S1760273423000784-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92045618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful balloon angioplasty in a cat with unilateral left pulmonary artery branch stenosis","authors":"J. Ryave VMD ,&nbsp;R.A. Sanders DVM, MS ,&nbsp;T. Gunasekaran B.V.Sc & A.H","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 9-month-old intact male Ragdoll cat was presented for evaluation of a left-sided systolic murmur that was first auscultated during examination for a newly developed cough. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a narrowed left pulmonary artery and an increase in flow velocities at the level of the narrowing, consistent with left pulmonary artery branch stenosis. The right pulmonary artery appeared normal. Balloon angioplasty was performed and successfully reduced pressure gradient across the stenosis. The patient continues to do well 14 months after the procedure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"50 ","pages":"Pages 17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient myocardial thickening: a retrospective analysis on etiological, clinical, laboratory, therapeutic, and outcome findings in 27 cats","authors":"G. Romito DVM, MS, PhD ,&nbsp;A. Elmi DVM ,&nbsp;C. Guglielmini DVM, PhD ,&nbsp;H. Poser DVM ,&nbsp;C. Valente DVM, PhD ,&nbsp;P. Castagna DVM, MS ,&nbsp;C. Mazzoldi DVM ,&nbsp;M. Cipone DVM","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction/objective</h3><p>Transient myocardial thickening (TMT) in cats is a poorly characterized clinical entity. Therefore, this study aimed to provide descriptions of additional cats diagnosed with this clinical phenomenon.</p></div><div><h3>Animals, materials, and methods</h3><p>For this multicenter observational retrospective study, cats diagnosed with TMT were searched in three medical databases. TMT was defined for cats with at least two echocardiograms showing an increased end-diastolic left ventricular wall thickness (LVWTd; i.e. ≥6 mm) at presentation and subsequent echocardiographic normalization (i.e. LVWTd &lt;5.5 mm). Signalment, history, clinical, laboratory, therapeutic, and outcome data were retrieved.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>27 cats were included. The median age was 3 years. In 9/27 cats, an antecedent event was documented. At admission, 27/27 cats had evidence of myocardial injury (median value of cardiac troponin I 5.5 ng/mL), 25/27 cats had congestive heart failure, 13/27 cats had hypothermia, 8/27 cats had systemic hypotension, 7/27 cats had bradycardia, and 7/27 cats had electrocardiographic evidence of an arrhythmia. The median LVWTd was 6.4 mm. A potential cause of myocardial injury was identified in 14/27 cats. The median time from diagnosis to a significant reduction in LVWTd was 43 days.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>TMT can be diagnosed in a wide range of cats, including young subjects. An antecedent predisposing event and/or a possible causative trigger can be identified in some. The reduction in LVWTd that defines this phenomenon usually occurs over a variable time frame.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study represents the largest investigation of TMT in cats and provides additional information on this uncommon clinical entity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"50 ","pages":"Pages 51-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S176027342300067X/pdfft?md5=d7d0455128c784ef29c72ad5a9b5c3ef&pid=1-s2.0-S176027342300067X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echocardiographic reference intervals of the dimensions of the main pulmonary artery and the right pulmonary artery: a prospective study in 269 healthy dogs","authors":"G. Grosso DVM ,&nbsp;R. Tognetti DVM, PhD ,&nbsp;O. Domenech DVM, MSc ,&nbsp;F. Marchesotti DVM ,&nbsp;V. Patata DVM, PhD ,&nbsp;T. Vezzosi DVM, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>No data are available on the echocardiographic reference intervals (RIs) for the main pulmonary artery (MPA) and right pulmonary artery (RPA) dimensions in a large sample of dogs. Therefore, we aimed to describe the echocardiographic RIs of the MPA and RPA dimensions in normal dogs.</p></div><div><h3>Animals, materials, and methods</h3><p>269 healthy dogs of different breeds, age and body weight (BW) were prospectively enrolled in this multicenter, observational study. The MPA diameter, RPA maximum diameter (RPAmax), and RPA minimum diameter (RPAmin) were measured from the right parasternal short axis view. Prediction intervals (PIs) for MPA, RPAmax and RPAmin were generated using allometric scales. Reference intervals (RI) of MPA indexed to the ascending aorta (MPA/AO), and RPAmax and RPAmin indexed to the aortic annulus (RPAmax/Aod and RPAmin/Aod), were defined.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A positive linear relationship between MPA, RPAmax, RPAmin and BW was evident after logarithmic transformation (R² = 0.859, R² = 0.787 and R² = 0.725, respectively; P&lt;0.0001). According to allometric scales, the PI for the MPA normalized for BW (MPA_N) was between 5.50 and 8.07, the PI for the RPAmax normalized for BW (RPAmax_N) was between 3.23 and 5.62, while the PI for the RPAmin normalized for BW (RPAmin_N) was between 1.62 and 3.30. The median MPA/AO was 0.92 (RI, 0.78–1.01), the median RPAmax/Aod was 0.70 (RI, 0.53–0.98) and the median RPAmin/Aod was 0.40 (RI, 0.29–0.61).</p></div><div><h3>Discussion and conclusions</h3><p>The reported RIs of the MPA and RPA dimensions in normal dogs could increase the diagnostic accuracy of transthoracic echocardiography in the identification of pulmonary artery enlargement in dogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"50 ","pages":"Pages 29-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1760273423000693/pdfft?md5=d4fb989b6bd6180ac950aab345cb5d20&pid=1-s2.0-S1760273423000693-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical repair of an unroofed coronary sinus in a dog","authors":"T. Shin DVM ,&nbsp;S. Shimamura DVM, Ph.D. ,&nbsp;S. Hirata DVM ,&nbsp;C. Kodera DVM ,&nbsp;S. Komai DVM ,&nbsp;H. Tani DVM, Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvc.2023.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>A 5-year-old, 7.9 kg castrated male Miniature Dachsund presented with heart enlargement on radiography. The </span>dog<span> was asymptomatic. Echocardiography<span><span> revealed a tubular structure running along the posterior wall of the left atrium and connecting to the </span>right atrium on the caudal side of the left atrium and annulus, which was presumed to be a dilated </span></span></span>coronary sinus<span><span>. After confirming a shunt between the left atrium and coronary sinus by cardiovascular catheterization, an unroofed coronary sinus was diagnosed. Open-heart surgery using </span>cardiopulmonary bypass was performed through left atriotomy. The defect between the left atrium and the coronary sinus was closed by suturing. The cardiac enlargement improved after surgery. The dog was still alive 1227 days after surgery without clinical signs.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"48 ","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9944085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal title page and editorial board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1760-2734(23)00059-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1760-2734(23)00059-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","volume":"48 ","pages":"Page i"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49765546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}