Lancet Global Health最新文献

{"title":"National research ecosystems: protecting populations and building health security worldwide","authors":"Elizabeth S Higgs MD MIA, Arshad Altaf MPH, Nicole Lurie MD, Prof Akbar Fotouhi PhD, Peter H Kilmarx MD, Tom Nyirenda MD MPH, Bernhards Ogutu PhD, Manju Rani PhD, Prof Seydou Doumbia MD PhD, Prof Dominique Sprumont LLD, Prof Johannes J M van Delden MD PhD, Robert A Sorenson MA, Vasee Moorthy PhD, Jeremy Farrar PhD","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00218-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00218-9","url":null,"abstract":"The global clinical research enterprise remains fundamentally misaligned with worldwide disease burden and public health needs, despite corrective efforts in recent years. Although clinical trials deliver important medical advances that benefit populations globally, research capabilities and trials are concentrated in high-income countries, which means that populations with the heaviest disease burdens (often in low-income and middle-income countries) participate in relatively few trials addressing their needs—infectious and non-communicable diseases alike. This imbalance leaves knowledge gaps in treating the most prevalent diseases and leaves the world dangerously unprepared for emerging threats. In this Viewpoint, we advance a vision of strong national research ecosystems that prioritise national and regional health needs, are integrated into health systems for rapid incorporation of research results into health care, and are prepared to pivot to emergency research when needed. This vision and the investment it requires—both domestic and international—are essential to improving and protecting population health.","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144901569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile of central line-associated bloodstream infections in adult, paediatric, and neonatal intensive care units of hospitals participating in a health-care-associated infection surveillance network in India: a 7-year multicentric study","authors":"Rasna Parveen PhD, Arpan Kumar Thakur PhD, Sharad Srivastav MSc, Mamta Puraswani PhD, Ashish Kumar Srivastava PhD, Prof Arunaloke Chakrabarti MD, Camilla Rodrigues MD, Prof Pallab Ray MD, Prof Manisha Biswal MD, Prof Neelam Taneja MD, Chand Wattal MD, Prof Vimala Venkatesh MD, Nandini Sethuraman MD, Sanjay Bhattacharya MD, Prof Vijaya Lakshmi Nag MD, Prof Vibhor Tak MD, Prof Bijayini Behera MD, Prof Veeraragavan Balaji MD, Prof Raja Ray MD, Prof Sanjeev K Singh MD, Prof Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay MD, Prof Joy Sarojini Michael MD, Prof Bashir Ahmad Fomda MD, Prof Tadepalli Karuna MD, Prof Vijayshri Deotale MD, Prof Padma Das MD, Prof Amber Prasad MD, Prof Tapan Majumder MD, Prof Puneet Kumar Gupta MD, Prof Kanne Padmaja MD, Prof Purva Mathur MD, Indian CLABSI Surveillance Network Collaborators, Vijeta Bajpai, Jyoti Iravane, Reema Nath, Renu Gur, Nari Lyngdoh, Clarissa Lyngdoh, Sheela Devi, Shalini Malhotra, Rajni Gaind, Ranjana Devi Khuraijam, Rajni Sharma, Summaiya Mullan, John Antony Jude Prakash, Shaoli Basu, Hema Paul, Priscilla Rupali, Sheetal Verma, MA Thirunarayan, Hirak Jyoti Raj, Rushika Saxena, Sangita Rajdev, Neeraj Goel, Sudipta Mukherjee, Yamunadevi Ramanathan, Juliah Chelliah, Satyam Mukherjee, Archana Angrup, Aparna Sonowal, Veena Kumari, Prachi Verma, Jayashree Muralidharan, Ritesh Agarwal, Lakshmi Narayana Yaddanapudi, Ajay Duseja, Kajal Jain, Usha Dutta, Parthasarathi Bhattacharyya, Ashoka Mahapatra, Tapas Kumar Som, Rashmi Ranjan Das, Swagata Tripathy, Tushar Mishra, Anupam Dey, Vandana KE, Muralidhar Varma, Balram Ji Omar, Ankit Aggarwal, Sherish Baqal, Langpoklakpam Chaoba Singh, Neeraj Gupta, Pradeep Kumar Bhatia, Kuldeep Singh, Daisy Khera, D Himanshu, Sarika Gupta, Zia Arshad, Ullash Bhabhor, Rahul Sarode, Satyajit Pradhan, Manisha Subrao Mane, Shalini Dewan Duggal, Rajender Kumar, GP Kaushal, Vikas Dabas, Aparna Ningombam, Subodh Kumar, Kapil Dev Soni, Sushma Sagar, Richa Aggarwal, Deepak Gupta, Gyaninder Pal Singh, Ashish Bindra, Kamran Farooque, Parin Lalwani, Kamini Walia","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00221-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00221-9","url":null,"abstract":"Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are preventable health-care-associated infections (HAIs) that cause considerable morbidity and mortality. Understanding the epidemiology of CLABSIs through large, quality-assured, hospital-based datasets could help to enable development of preventive protocols suited to specific health-care systems. We aimed to describe the profile of CLABSIs in intensive care units (ICUs) at tertiary care centres in India.","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144898040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-based decision making for malaria elimination applying the Freedom From Infection statistical framework in five malaria eliminating countries: an observational study","authors":"Gillian Stresman PhD, Luca Nelli PhD, Lindsey Wu PhD, Isabel Byrne MSc, Henry Surendra PhD, Bryan Fernandez-Camacho BSc, Jorge Ruiz-Cabrejos MSc, Lucia Bartolini Arana BSc, Adéritow Augusto Lopes Macedo Gonçalves BSc, Davidson Daniel Sousa Rocha Monteiro BSc, Luccene Desir MD, Keyla Ureña MD, Manuel de Jesus Tejada Beato MD, Elin Dumont MSc, Monica Hill MSc, Lynn Grignard PhD, Sabrina Elechosa BSc, Raymart Bunagan MPH, Nguyen Xuan Thang PhD, Nguyen Thi Huong Binh PhD, Nguyen Thi Hong Ngoc PhD, Kevin K A Tetteh PhD, Gregory S Noland PhD, Karen E S Hamre PhD, Silvânia da Veiga Leal MSc, Adilson DePina PhD, Ngo Thang PhD, Fe Esperanza Espino PhD, Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar PhD, Prof Jason Matthiopoulos PhD, Prof Chris Drakeley PhD","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00236-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00236-0","url":null,"abstract":"Routine surveillance is a pillar of malaria programmes, and the primary source of data used for decision making. However, any inference when relying on routine data to inform decision making is limited by how effective the system is at measuring the actual malaria burden. Here, we aimed to extend the Freedom From Infection (FFI) framework to produce species-specific estimates of surveillance system sensitivity and probability of freedom from malaria, combine multiple surveillance components including community case management and active case detection, and apply the FFI model in five malaria eliminating settings.","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144898033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual-level and community-level factors for 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in Ethiopia: a retrospective, population-based, cross-sectional, observational study","authors":"Yihun Mulugeta Alemu MPH, Prof Nasser Bagheri PhD, Kinley Wangdi PhD, Dan Chateau PhD","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00226-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00226-8","url":null,"abstract":"No study has quantified the 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in individuals without previous CVD in Ethiopia using the latest 2019 WHO CVD risk equation. Our study aimed to quantify the proportion of the Ethiopian population with at least a 10% risk of developing primary CVD in the following 10 years, and to identify variations in risk associated with individual-level and community-level factors.","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144898036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of non-pyrethroid indoor residual spraying or intensive behaviour change communication in combination with long-lasting insecticidal nets for malaria control in west Africa: a pragmatic, cluster-randomised, controlled trial","authors":"Nicolas Moiroux PhD, Issaka Zongo PhD, Serge-Brice Assi PhD, Anthony Some MD, N'Cho B Tchiekoi MD, Barnabas Zogo PhD, Diloma D Soma PhD, Domonbabele F D S Hien PhD, Paul Taconet PhD, Ludovic P Ahoua Alou PhD, Thierry Lefevre PhD, Anna Cohuet PhD, Florence Fournet PhD, Karine Mouline PhD, Alphonsine A Koffi PhD, Prof Roch K Dabiré PhD, Cédric Pennetier PhD","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00216-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00216-5","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2015, progress in the control of malaria has stalled owing to multiple factors, including the probable reduced efficacy of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) caused by insecticide resistance and plateauing LLIN use rates. This study aimed to assess the additional effect of non-pyrethroid indoor residual spraying (IRS) and intensive behaviour change communication (BCC) when combined with LLINs on malaria in rural west Africa.","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144898039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can behaviour change communication improve malaria control?","authors":"Ellie Sherrard-Smith, Corine Ngufor","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00258-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00258-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"300 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144898030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dignity-based practice in global health research: a framework of expectations","authors":"Alice Bayingana MSc, Himani Bhakuni PhD, Judith van de Kamp PhD, Joni Lariat PhD, Lekha Rathod MBBS, Rieke van der Graaf PhD, Seye Abimbola PhD","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00242-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00242-6","url":null,"abstract":"Global health research is generally done by researchers, whether locally or internationally, based in locations other than the study locations and by people with more power than the marginalised groups they research. It therefore has a tendency towards unjust practices that sideline, distort, or erase the knowledge and interpretations of the marginalised groups while favouring those of the researchers. To develop a framework of expectations for practices that respect the dignity of marginalised people, we sampled and synthesised complaints about knowledge practices in global health published in 12 journals from 2017 to 2023. We identified four sets of expectations—transparency, non-extraction, democratisation, and transformation—across eight stages of research: funding decisions, framing of issues and posing of research questions, ethics approval, data collection, data analysis and interpretation, immediate or direct use of data and knowledge produced, dissemination of findings, and long-term or indirect use of data and knowledge produced. These expectations affirm the dignity of marginalised groups as knowers, sense-makers of knowledge, and seekers of transformational change.","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144901567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genocide in Gaza has exposed key shortcomings in the WHO's emergency medical teams initiative","authors":"James Smith","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00267-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00267-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral palsy in young children: bridging the global data gap.","authors":"Bolajoko O Olusanya,M K C Nair,Nem Yun Boo,Adrian C Davis,Mijna Hadders-Algra,Scott M Wright, ","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00268-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00268-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144850943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes in India: a nationally representative survey of adults aged 45 years and older.","authors":"T V Sekher,David Flood,Hunter Green,Peifeng Hu,Mohammed K Ali,Ashwini Shete,Sarang Pedgaonkar,Kenneth M Langa,Eileen M Crimmins,David E Bloom,Jinkook Lee","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00502-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00502-8","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDIndia is a country of 1·4 billion people that contributes to much of the global diabetes burden. Updated evidence on the state of the diabetes epidemic among middle-aged and older adults is imperative given that the risk of diabetes increases with age and that clinical and public health interventions can prevent diabetes complications. We aimed to estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes in a nationally representative and state-representative sample of Indians aged 45 years and older.METHODSWe conducted a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey of adults in India aged 45 years and older and their spouses from 2017 to 2019. Our sample included 57 810 individuals and their spouses from 36 states and union territories, reflecting a representative sample of India as a nation and of each state and union territory. Participants had available data on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement and non-missing information on diabetes diagnosis, household economic status, and BMI. Spouses younger than 45 years were excluded from the analysis. Our primary outcomes were diabetes prevalence and health service indicators recommended by WHO. Diabetes prevalence was defined as individuals self-reporting a previous diabetes diagnosis or having HbA1c of 6·5% or higher. Available data did not allow the identification of type 1 versus type 2 diabetes. Diabetes health service indicators were based on four core metrics recommended by WHO: (1) proportion diagnosed out of all individuals with diabetes (awareness) and, out of individuals with diagnosed diabetes, (2) proportion with glycaemic control (measured HbA1c <7·0%), (3) proportion with blood pressure control (measured blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg), and (4) proportion self-reporting use of lipid-lowering medications. Outcomes were assessed in the national sample; by state and union territory; and across individual-level characteristics of age, sex, rural versus urban area of residence, education, economic status, and BMI.FINDINGSDiabetes prevalence among adults aged 45 years and older in India was 19·8% (95% CI 19·4-20·2), which amounted to 50·4 million people (49·4-51·4). Prevalence among men and women was similar (men, 19·6% [95% CI 19·0-20·2] and women, 20·1% [19·5-20·6]). Urban diabetes prevalence (30·0% [95% CI 29·1-30·8]) was approximately twice as high as rural prevalence (15·0% [14·6-15·5]). States with higher levels of economic development tended to have greater age-standardised prevalence (standardised regression coefficient for gross domestic product per capita 0·65 [95% CI 0·45-0·85]). Overall, 60·1% (59·0-61·2) of individuals were aware of their diabetes. Of individuals with diagnosed diabetes, 45·7% (44·3-47·2) achieved glycaemic control, 58·9% (57·5-60·4) achieved blood pressure control, and 6·4% (5·8-7·2) were taking a lipid-lowering medication.INTERPRETATIONOur findings emphasise the urgent need to scale up policies to better prevent, detect, manage, ","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144813177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}