Habaršy - A̋l-Farabi atyndag̣y K̦azak̦ memlekettik ụlttyk̦ universiteti最新文献

{"title":"The problem of governance of regional authorities in Тurkey and Germany: experience of comparative analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.26577/jh.2023.v110.i3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/jh.2023.v110.i3.10","url":null,"abstract":"The shaking of the dominance of increasingly centralized structures in the world, the dominance of high competition in the economic field, the huge transformation in the field of communication and information processing technologies have both revealed the importance of fundamental rights and freedoms and changed the citizens view of public authority and state method and led to an increase in the demands and expectations for the quality and transparent performance of the public service. In this process, the structure of both central and local governments and the developments they experience gain importance. In this study, local administrations of Turkey and the Federal Republic of Germany are examined. The aim of the study is to examine local governments in Turkey and Federal Germany within the framework of the legal regulations they are subject to.  The current Constitutions of both states, the laws related to local governments and the legal regulations to which public officials working in local governments are subject are examined. Key words: Local Government, Turkey, Federal Germany","PeriodicalId":487737,"journal":{"name":"Habaršy - A̋l-Farabi atyndag̣y K̦azak̦ memlekettik ụlttyk̦ universiteti","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deportation processes in Еast Кazakhstan in the context of oral history","authors":"G. А. Zhankadamova","doi":"10.26577/jh.2023.v110.i3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/jh.2023.v110.i3.07","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the Soviet state's policy of conducting mass deportations to Kazakhstan based on people's ethnic background. The aim of the presented article is to study the forced resettlement of specific peoples to the territory of Eastern Kazakhstan, using oral history as a method and source of historical research. The primary sources of the article are field research materials conducted in the Eastern Kazakhstan region. The value of the collected field materials is determined by introducing new factual material of personal origin into the field of science. It is noted that the field materials gathered through interviews with informants allow for supplementing and specifying the events of the domestic history of the 20th century. Based on official documents, archival sources, and oral history materials, this study examines the population and resettlement of special settlers, the course, scale, and consequences of deportation, as well as the adaptation and survival of these special settlers through the lens of individual and collective memory. Through the analysis of the data, it is noted that the recollections of deportation witnesses and their descendants can be regarded as one of the forms of transmitting collective memory. The authors conclude that referencing the historical memory of witnesses of forced migrations and their descendants allows for identifying the peculiarities of political, demographic, and ethnic processes within the studied region. Key words: deportation, ethnic groups, Germans, Chechens, historical memory, special settlers.","PeriodicalId":487737,"journal":{"name":"Habaršy - A̋l-Farabi atyndag̣y K̦azak̦ memlekettik ụlttyk̦ universiteti","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bureaucracy and problems of coordination in public-private travel partnerships","authors":"M.A. Sakypbek","doi":"10.26577/jgem.2023.v70.i3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/jgem.2023.v70.i3.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":487737,"journal":{"name":"Habaršy - A̋l-Farabi atyndag̣y K̦azak̦ memlekettik ụlttyk̦ universiteti","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135639045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Republic of Kazakhstan in the New Silk Road Economic Belt system","authors":"S.M. Nadyrov","doi":"10.26577/jgem.2023.v70.i3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/jgem.2023.v70.i3.04","url":null,"abstract":"The New Silk Road Economic Belt (NSREB) is a regional project, a land branch of the large-scale \"One Belt, One Road\" initiative proposed by China in 2013, which could have a significant impact on the realization of Kazakhstan's transit potential and even on economic development in general. The article examines the processes of Kazakhstan's economy functioning in the New Silk Road Economic Belt system. The global and Kazakh scientific literature does not sufficiently cover the economic consequences of NSREB in the territory of Kazakhstan and Central Asian countries. The author's interest in the topic of the article lies in the fact that with the introduction of the New Silk Road Economic Belt the logistics and transport system in Asia and Europe is becoming increasingly complex and this system plays an important economic significance. And Kazakhstan plays an indispensable role in this system. The article examines the striking areas of economic trade, investment and transport (Kazakhstan's economic relations with China and Europe) to show that Kazakhstan's indispensable role in the New Silk Road Economic Belt has greatly contributed to Kazakhstan's overall development. Chinese investments in Kazakhstan's transport and logistics infrastructure are mainly earmarked for the construction of pipelines, railways and motorways, as well as the setting up of transport and logistics centers. Bilateral cooperation between Kazakhstan and China in the field of logistics and transport contributes to the development of an integrated logistics and transport policy in both countries, as well as to the development of an inclusive position of both countries in the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) - China model. On the other hand, thanks to the flexibility of this format, Kazakhstan is much faster than some countries (e.g., Russia) in developing infrastructure with Chinese investors. At the same time, the transit potential for the full realization of these visions is limited due to geographical and settlement factors. that is, the lack, especially in the Kazakh-Chinese border region, of industrial facilities and cities - indicators of economic convergence. However, the full realization of Kazakhstan's transit potential, including the prospects associated with the One Belt, One Road initiative, is only possible in the context of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), with the adoption of common transit standards, methods and regulatory mechanisms, as well as the construction of regionally important infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":487737,"journal":{"name":"Habaršy - A̋l-Farabi atyndag̣y K̦azak̦ memlekettik ụlttyk̦ universiteti","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE OF ALMATY CITY USING GIS-TECHNOLOGIES","authors":"L.B. Kenespayeva","doi":"10.26577/jgem.2023.v70.i3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/jgem.2023.v70.i3.03","url":null,"abstract":"The transport system plays a key role in the development of cities. It has a direct impact on many aspects of city life and infrastructure. An efficient transportation system helps move goods and people faster and cheaper, which contributes to a city's economic growth. A well-developed transport infrastructure can also attract investment and create new employment. The purpose of the study is to research the transport infrastructure of Almaty through the use of geographic information technologies. The use of geographic information technologies to research the transport infrastructure of the city of Almaty is a very promising approach. GIS enables the analysis and visualization of spatial data, which can lead to a deeper understanding of the relationships between transport and urban development. GIS can be used to estimate traffic volumes on different road sections and at different times of the day. This makes it possible to identify areas with the highest load and possible bottlenecks in the transport network. The article presents the results of a social survey among residents of Almaty. Including a social survey among city residents and conducting a SWOT analysis provides a complete picture of the current situation and prospects for the development of the transport network. These methods and analyzes are important tools for improving a city's transportation system and increasing the satisfaction of its residents.","PeriodicalId":487737,"journal":{"name":"Habaršy - A̋l-Farabi atyndag̣y K̦azak̦ memlekettik ụlttyk̦ universiteti","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135639311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODELING RIVER RUNOFF OF LITERAL TRIBUTARIES OF THE BUKTYRMA RESERVOIR WITH USING HBV MODEL","authors":"Т. Tillakarim","doi":"10.26577/jgem.2023.v70.i3.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/jgem.2023.v70.i3.08","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of applying the HBV-light model for 6 mountain rivers flowing into the Buktyrma reservoir: Buktyrma, Ulken Boken, Naryn, Kurshim, Turgysyn, Kalzhyr. Research work carried out the simulation of the flow of mountain river basins with a catchment area varying within 758-12423 km2. The parameters of the models were calibrated using the GAP optimization algorithm for the periods 1978-2017. The calibration period according to the recommendations for river basins were 5 years, with the exception of the Turgysyn and Kalzhyr river basins, where hydrological stations were opened in 2012 and 2007, respectively. For modeling the runoff as input hydrological and meteorological data were used data from the observation network of the RSE “Kazhydromet”. It should be noted that, due to the sparse network of meteorological stations, for Turgysyn, Kurshim, Ulken Boken, Naryn river basins as input data were used meteorological data from stations not located in the catchment areas of rivers. As a result of model calibration, the optimal parameters for each river are obtained. Several widely used criteria were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the model: NSW, PBIAS, RSR and R2. The results of calculations of these criteria correspond to a \"very good\" and \"good\" assessment of the performance rating: the Nash-Sutcliffe criterion varying between 0.84 – 0.92, the RSR ranges 0.32-0.45, the PBIAS -14.3 % to +18.2 %. According to the simulation results, it was revealed that the model for all the rivers under consideration reproduces the dates well the beginning, duration of the spring flood period and the maximum water consumption for this period. Given the sparse network of meteorological stations and the overregulation of some river basins, the using of the HBV-light model showed good results of modeling runoff for mountain rivers of Kazakhstan for calibration period. Also, the model was validated for 2018-2020 period. Validation results on performance criteria indicators for the Buktyrma and Ulken Boken river basins showed a “very good” replication result, while for the remaining 4 river basins the results were unsatisfactory, which was a consequence of management activities on the flow of river basins.","PeriodicalId":487737,"journal":{"name":"Habaršy - A̋l-Farabi atyndag̣y K̦azak̦ memlekettik ụlttyk̦ universiteti","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135639873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional culture of Kazakhs of the Zhetysu and the East in photo documents (according to the album of Leibin and Bulgakov)","authors":"Т. Kartaeva","doi":"10.26577/jh.2023.v110.i3.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/jh.2023.v110.i3.18","url":null,"abstract":"«Regional ethnography of the Kazakh people» as a branch of the science of historical ethnography defines the features formed by the traditional culture and way of life of Kazakhs settled in different regions, based on their efforts to manage the economy, and research in this direction is of great importance. In this regard, traditional Kazakh farms, material culture, including housing, household goods, clothing, national games, musical instruments, periodic settlements, and a traditional transport system have developed in one region for centuries. Photo registrations created in historical epochs represent a number of valuable exhibits from archival documents and museum collections. On the basis of ancient photographic documents, according to the cultural landscape of the area, the features of the development of periodic settlements and pastures, the household plot, the order of movement, historical and ethnographic reconstruction of  the nomadic styles are especially important. Of great importance for the national ethnological science is the study of indigenous ethnographic concepts and categories from a scientific and practical point of view on the basis of photo data reflecting the regional specifics of the South-East, the Eastern region, which we take as an object of research. In the historical ethnography of the Kazakhs of the southeastern and eastern regions selected for study, some photographic documents indicate those cultural artifacts that have undergone changes or vanished in the light of the «combination of the traditional period and today's transformed societies». The purpose of the article is to analyze the albums of Leibin and Bulgakov as a source of the traditional culture of Zhetysu and the Kazakhs of the East. Keywords. Leibin's album, Bulgakov's album, regional ethnography, photo registration, visual ethnosource.","PeriodicalId":487737,"journal":{"name":"Habaršy - A̋l-Farabi atyndag̣y K̦azak̦ memlekettik ụlttyk̦ universiteti","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The image of a dog in traditional culture and mythology of the kazakh people","authors":"А. Beisegulova","doi":"10.26577/jh.2023.v110.i3.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/jh.2023.v110.i3.020","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the image of a dog in the folklore and mythology of the Kazakh people, its place in the economy and culture, and also compares it with the image of a dog in the cultural heritage of other Turkic peoples. In order to determine the position of the dog in the Eurasian steppe since ancient times, the article examines the burial of the dog in archaeological excavations, its place in folk mythology, appearances in folklore, the function and place of the dog. dog in the Kazakh culture of the second half of the 19th century. The purpose and objectives of the study are to study the function of a dog in the economy and culture of the Kazakh people through the burials of dogs preserved from the Middle Ages, as well as to compare the image of a dog in traditional Kazakh society in a later period in chronological order. Results. In the research work of P. Makovetsky, A.I. Notes left by Dobrosmyslov and Claude Levi-Strauss, S. Kondybay, A. Toyshanuly, A. Toktabay, F. Arslanova, M. Shagyrbaev and others. Focusing on research materials in the works of scientists, their features are described. On the topic under consideration, the results of archaeological excavations in Kazakhstan and the Eurasian steppes, mythological similarities among the Turkic peoples and the image of a dog in folklore samples are presented. In addition, the occurrence of semantic characteristics of the image of a dog in the traditions and lifestyle of the Kazakh people is taken into account. In the article, the authors show that the understanding of the sacred concepts associated with the horse, wolf, eagle and cattle, which occupy a special place in the traditional economy and worldview of the Kazakh people, arose from the type of economy and lifestyle of the Kazakhs. people have evolved over the centuries. The totem beliefs of the people, various natural phenomena and changes in culture show that the role of the Kazakh people was important not only for livestock, but also for the dog that guarded the livestock and the house. An examination of this is shown in the article using specific data and ethnographic literature on whole blood coverage. Conclusion. Given the chronological breadth of the article and changes in cultural usage, the position of the dog in the culture of the Kazakh people is described with various data, and it is said that it was often used for hunting, like an eagle and an eagle, and not at a cult level. In addition, it is noted that the functions and use of the dog in nomadic life still need to be studied. Keywords: traditional culture, greyhound, folklore, mythology, cattle breeding, totemism, cult, archaeological research, hunting, use of dogs in the household. Expression of gratitude. The article was made within the framework of the grant funding project of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the topic “Ethnozooarchaeological study of the role of the wolf and dog in the ancient and modern cultures of K","PeriodicalId":487737,"journal":{"name":"Habaršy - A̋l-Farabi atyndag̣y K̦azak̦ memlekettik ụlttyk̦ universiteti","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Political activities of the Khan of the Younger Zhuz Yeraly (1791-1794)","authors":"M. S. Janguzhiyev","doi":"10.26577/jh.2023.v110.i3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/jh.2023.v110.i3.05","url":null,"abstract":"В статье рассматривается общественно-политическая деятельность Ералы-хана, занимающего особое место среди исторических личностей Казахского государства XVIII века.  Его жизнь сопряжена со сложнейшим периодом в истории страны и Ералы-хан, понимая перипетии политического климата того времени, пытался принимать выверенные решения на основе собственного понимания и поддержки политики его отца хана Абулхаира на благо государства. Он добросовестно служил своему народу, проявляя высокую активность в политических событиях XVIII века. Был одним их ханов, возглавивший борьбу против ликвидации ханской власти российской администрацией. В представленной работе делается вывод о решающей роли представителей рода Абулхаира в управлении Младшим жузом и соседними прилегающими территориями. В этот период ханы избирались не только в казахском обществе, но и за пределами казахского государства из представителей династии Чингисхана, поэтому они представлены в статье как реальные обладатели ханской власти. Результаты исследования показывают сложность политической ситуации того времени, необходимости проведения различных векторов внешнеполитического курса казахского государства. Систематический анализ комплекса источников, исторической литературы и архивных документальных данных позволяет достаточно глубоко и всесторонне изучить исследуемую проблему. Воссоздание целостного исторического образа показывают незаурядную личность Ералы, вошедшего в историю казахского народа в категории великих деятелей казахской истории. Ключевые слова: Ералы-хан, личность в истории, Казахское государство, Оренбургская комиссия, казахско-русские отношения.","PeriodicalId":487737,"journal":{"name":"Habaršy - A̋l-Farabi atyndag̣y K̦azak̦ memlekettik ụlttyk̦ universiteti","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135735885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of Gerhard Schröder's views on socio-economic development of Germany","authors":"S. Y. Umarov","doi":"10.26577/jh.2023.v110.i3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/jh.2023.v110.i3.12","url":null,"abstract":"В данной статье рассматриваются взгляды Г. Шредера, находящегося во главе «красно-зеленой» коалиции ФРГ, во внутренней и внешней политике. Если мы посмотрим на любую страну мира, то увидим, что реформы в политической, социальной, экономической, духовной и других сторонах государства проводились по определенной программе во времена каждого главы правительства. В данной статье мы также попытались пролить свет на экономическое и социальное развитие Германии, проанализировав взгляды Г. Шредера, находящегося во главе «красно-зеленой» коалиции ФРГ, во внутренней и внешней политика. Потому что не будет ошибкой сказать, что германское государство воплощает в себе демократические социальные принципы не только в Европе, но и в мире, имеет богатый опыт и занимает свое место среди стран мира во всех областях.","PeriodicalId":487737,"journal":{"name":"Habaršy - A̋l-Farabi atyndag̣y K̦azak̦ memlekettik ụlttyk̦ universiteti","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135735887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}