Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology最新文献

{"title":"A Preliminary Exploratory Study on the Application of Gd-EOB-DTPA-Enhanced MRI for Assessing Gallbladder Ejection Fraction in Cholecystolithiasis Patients.","authors":"Ruikun Zhang, Boqian Chen, Xiaobing Li, Xuan Zheng, Yang Liu, Renjie Zhang, Qingteng Zeng, Hengyu Tian, Qinghua He, Shenfeng Wu, Yuan Gao, Zhujing Li, Hanqing Lyu, Jialin Liu","doi":"10.1155/cjgh/8851215","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjgh/8851215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To preliminarily explore the feasibility and clinical implications of using gadoxetic acid disodium (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing the gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF) in patients with cholecystolithiasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis encompassed 81 patients with gallstones who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI. Gallbladder volume was measured during fasting and at 1 h after a lipid-rich meal to calculate the GBEF. Two radiologists independently reviewed the images for GBEF, structural anomalies, and biliary patency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean GBEF was 62.29% ± 25.2%. Sixty patients demonstrated a GBEF > 50%, while 21 had a GBEF ≤ 50%. The imaging also facilitated the identification of gallbladder malformations (41/81) and abnormal pancreaticobiliary junctions (20/81). Bile flow into the gallbladder via the cystic duct and into the duodenum was observed in 66 patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This exploratory study suggests that Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI is a feasible modality for simultaneous anatomical evaluation and functional assessment of the GBEF in cholecystolithiasis patients. It provides a comprehensive visualization of biliary dynamics. However, the findings are preliminary, and further validation against standard modalities with controlled study design is required to establish its accuracy and clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":48755,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8851215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12771634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145918874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Analysis of 411 Cases of Spontaneous Portosystemic Shunt Complicated With Oesophageal and Gastric Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhotic Patients.","authors":"Zhaoyi Chen, Jing Li, Xi Wang, Xuecan Mei, Yaxian Kuai, Huixian Li, Derun Kong","doi":"10.1155/cjgh/4623854","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjgh/4623854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study is aimed at evaluating the incidence and clinical characteristics of spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSSs) in cirrhotic patients with oesophageal and gastric variceal bleeding (EGVB) and investigating the impact of SPSSs on the course of EGVB. A retrospective analysis of 1110 cirrhotic patients with EGVB was conducted to determine SPSS incidence and characteristics and evaluate the impact of SPSS size and endoscopic treatments. The SPSS incidence was 94.26% (411/436), with gastric renal shunts (78.89%) being the most common. SPSSs were categorized by diameter as follows: S-SPSS (≤ 5 mm), M-SPSS (5-8 mm), and L-SPSS (≥ 8 mm). A larger SPSS diameter was correlated with higher model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores, international normalized ratios (INRs), total bilirubin (TB) levels, and portal vein thrombosis. During the 12-month follow-up, the L-SPSS group had a lower rebleeding rate (3.38%) than the S-SPSS (14.64%) and M-SPSS (16.88%) groups. A larger SPSS diameter was associated with a 77% reduction in rebleeding risk (HR = 0.23, p = 0.016). In summary, a larger SPSS diameter is linked to worse liver function but reduced rebleeding risk in cirrhotic patients with EGVB.</p>","PeriodicalId":48755,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e4623854"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Venous Leg Ulcers: Insight From Mendelian Randomization Analyses.","authors":"Yanfeng Lin, Xiaohui Qin, Haiyan Zhang, Jinke Huang","doi":"10.1155/cjgh/6767725","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjgh/6767725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the potential causal relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and venous leg ulcers (VLU) using Mendelian randomization (MR).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Independent genetic variants for IBD and VLU were selected as instruments from previously published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in people of primarily European descent. MR analyses were carried out utilizing inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetically predicted IBD was not associated with VLU, according to the IVW analysis (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.88-1.03, p = 0.23). MR Egger (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.76-1.12, p = 0.44), weighted mode (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.87-1.29, p = 0.55), simple mode (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.79-1.34, p = 0.83), and weighted median (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.89-1.10, p = 0.90) all produced results in line with IVW. According to the IVW technique, UC (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.95-1.10, p = 0.62) and CD (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.90-1.04, p = 0.36) did not appear to be associated with VLU in subtype analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MR investigation found no genetic evidence to support a causal relationship between IBD and VLU. This finding clarifies that observed clinical associations are unlikely to be driven by shared genetics, and this genetic insight helps refine the clinical assessment of VLU in patients with IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48755,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e6767725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short- and Long-Term Healthcare Costs Attributable to Hepatitis B Among Newcomers to Ontario, Canada: A Matched Cohort Study.","authors":"Kikanwa Anyiwe, Jordan J Feld, Eleanor Pullenayegum, William W L Wong, Lena Nguyen, Beate Sander","doi":"10.1155/cjgh/2330427","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjgh/2330427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare expenditures across the clinical trajectory of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are inadequately characterized, particularly among immigrants. Our aim is to quantify HBV-attributable short- and long-term costs among a population of newcomers to the province of Ontario.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a cost-of-illness study with an incidence-based, matched cohort design, employing linked population-based laboratory and health administrative data, and permanent residence data from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC). We identified newcomers diagnosed with HBV between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2018, and dichotomized the study cohort into individuals with or without liver complications before diagnosis. We used propensity score matching and phase-of-care costing to quantify monthly attributable costs for each of six HBV phases and longitudinal costs for one, five, and ten years following diagnosis. Costs were quantified in 2021 Canadian dollars.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among n = 30,677 newcomers with HBV, 2.7 percent had complications before diagnosis. Mean monthly phase costs were higher for individuals with complications before diagnosis relative to those without for prediagnosis care ($439, 95% CI: $250-$645 vs. $22, 95% CI: $12-$34), initial care for HBV ($1545, 95% CI: $1196-$1945 vs. $331, 95% CI: $299-$369), continuing care for HBV ($537, 95% CI: $314-$760 vs. $73, 95% CI: $55-$92), and final care ($7271, 95% CI: $3749-$10,747 vs. $3430, 95% CI: $1813-$5061).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings emphasize the dynamic nature of HBV-attributable costs and highlight the importance of care following diagnosis and complication onset.</p>","PeriodicalId":48755,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e2330427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-Large Spontaneous Portosystemic Shunt is Correlated With a Higher Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient and Increased Risk of Hepatic Encephalopathy.","authors":"Xiao-Juan Lei, Yu-Bing Jiao, Xin-Hui Huang, Sheng-Zhao Li, Qiao Ke, Wu-Hua Guo","doi":"10.1155/cjgh/4788170","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjgh/4788170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSSs) frequently develop in individuals with cirrhosis. However, their clinical impact on the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and liver function remains complex and a subject of ongoing debate. This retrospective study evaluated the relationship between SPSS diameter, particularly ultra-large SPSS, and HVPG, liver dysfunction, and their predictive value in patients with cirrhosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 90 cirrhotic patients. The patients were categorized into three groups: no SPSS (none or φ < 3 mm), small SPSS (3 ≤ φ < 8 mm), and large SPSS (φ ≥ 8 mm). The large SPSS group was further stratified into large (8 ≤ φ < 14.5 mm) and ultra-large (φ ≥ 14.5 mm) subgroups based on a receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-derived cutoff for hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Clinical parameters, HVPG, and vascular diameters were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The large SPSS group had higher total bilirubin and a higher incidence of HE than the no SPSS group. Within the large SPSS cohort, the ultra-large subgroup (≥ 14.5 mm) demonstrated significantly worse liver function (lower albumin, higher bilirubin, prolonged PT, increased INR, and poorer Child-Pugh/MELD scores), a higher proportion of Child-Pugh Class C, and elevated HVPG values (18.7 vs. 16.6 mmHg, p = 0.03) compared to the large subgroup. Critically, SPSS diameter showed a significant positive correlation with HVPG (R = 0.314, p = 0.013). The incidence of HE was also significantly higher in the ultra-large subgroup (55.52% vs. 11%, p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The portal pressure-lowering effect of SPSS does not correlate linearly with its diameter, exhibiting a threshold-dependent attenuation as shunt size exceeds 14.5 mm. This cutoff may serve as a predictor of increased risk for HE and liver dysfunction in cirrhosis, supporting its potential role in clinical risk stratification and decision-making for cirrhosis patients with SPSS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48755,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e4788170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147464039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic Closure of Mucosal Defect to Prevent Delayed Bleeding After Endoscopic Papillectomy.","authors":"Jinpei Dong, Guigen Teng, Lu Zhang, Haixia Niu, Dapeng Bian, Qiushi Feng","doi":"10.1155/cjgh/5663582","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjgh/5663582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delayed bleeding is a serious complication of endoscopic papillectomy (EP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of preventing delayed bleeding of clip after EP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive patients diagnosed with ampullary benign tumors who received EP from January 1^st 2013 to December 31^st 2024 were analyzed retrospectively. EP was performed with the snare polypectomy technique. Biliary duct stent and pancreatic duct stent were routinely placed. The resection site is closed completely by clips.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty major papilla benign tumors patients with a mean age of 55.9 ± 10.7 years were found. All of the lesions were En bloc removed in a single endoscopic procedure. The pancreatic duct stents and biliary duct stents were successfully placed in 47 (94%) and 49 patients (98%), respectively. Two patients had positive horizontal margin, 35 patients had negative horizontal margin, and in 13 patients, horizontal margin was compromised by cautery effect. None of the patients had vertical positive margin, 39 patients had vertical negative margin, and in 11 patients, vertical margin was compromised by cautery effect. Post-EP bleeding was observed in 2 patients (4%), which was classified as mild. Post-EP hyperamylasemia was observed in 13 patients (26%), and post-EP pancreatitis was observed in 7 patients (14%), 6 were mild pancreatitis and 1 was severe pancreatitis. Intraoperative perforation occurred in 1 patient, which was clamped with hemostatic clips. No cholangitis was observed. The mean follow-up duration was 378.1 ± 305.7 days. Histologically confirmed recurrence at the resection site was detected in 6 patients (12%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that preventive closure of the resection site by clips was technically feasible and effective in preventing delayed bleeding after EP, without increasing the risk of postprocedure pancreatitis and cholangitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48755,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e5663582"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thromboembolic Risks in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Review of Anatomical and Clinical Variations.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Weili Zheng, Yi Bao","doi":"10.1155/cjgh/7566020","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjgh/7566020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review article presents the anatomical and clinical variations in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) arising from the head and body/tail regions. It discusses the distinctive risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) formation and assesses various parameters for monitoring VTE and intervention strategies. Pancreaticoduodenectomy is typically performed for tumors in the head region of the pancreas, while distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy is performed for tumors arising from the body or tail of the pancreas. This article also reviews the stratified analysis of VTE risks in PDAC based on tumor origin, aiming to establish valuable VTE risk factor assessment tools and prophylactic anticoagulation strategies. Furthermore, it focuses on PDAC patients with tumors arising from distinct pancreatic anatomical locations to improve quality of life, reduce thrombotic risks, and optimize clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48755,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e7566020"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147505215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Internet-Based Lifestyle Interventions on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Chengjie Wang, Yilong Song, Jingjing Wu, Hua Mei","doi":"10.1155/cjgh/5125598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cjgh/5125598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of internet-based interventions in improving clinical outcomes among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to synthesize evidence for future research directions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of nine electronic databases (CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL) was conducted from inception to September 23, 2024, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing internet-based lifestyle interventions in NAFLD patients. Two independent researchers screened studies, extracted data, and evaluated methodological quality. Meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3.5 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten RCTs involving 714 participants were included. Compared to the control group, the intervention groups showed significant reductions in BMI, ALT and AST. Weight loss trended toward reduction but was not statistically significant, though subgroup analysis showed significant weight loss in interventions lasting > 3 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Internet-based interventions significantly improve BMI and liver enzymes in NAFLD patients, with prolonged interventions (> 3 months) enhancing weight loss. Digital platforms show promise for enhancing self-management, though standardized long-term trials are needed to optimize efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48755,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e5125598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147786278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic Antibiotic Use and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Child-Pugh A Cirrhosis and Acute Variceal Bleeding: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Jiajia He, Ju Huang, Guofeng Liu, Yuping He, Xiaoze Wang, Jinlin Yang, Li Yang, Xiao Li, Xuefeng Luo","doi":"10.1155/cjgh/2030627","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjgh/2030627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>Prophylactic use of antibiotics was found to decrease mortality in patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding (AVB). Patients with Child A cirrhosis have a low risk of treatment failure and mortality. The present study was designed to investigate the association between antibiotics and Child-Pugh A patients with AVB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis was conducted on Child-Pugh class A cirrhotic patients presenting with AVB at West China Hospital between January 2016 and November 2022. The outcome indicators evaluated in this study include the rate of treatment failure within five days, mortality within 6 weeks, incidence of nosocomial infections, and 1-year cumulative mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study ultimately enrolled 237 patients. The day of patients' admission was defined as Day 0. A total of 117 patients received prophylactic use of antibiotics on Days 0-1 (Group A), and 120 patients did not receive antibiotics on Days 0-1 (Group B). Baseline characteristics were well-balanced between the two groups. The 5-day treatment failure was 8.5% in Group A and 6.7% in Group B (p = 0.63). The 6-week mortality was 1.71% in Group A and 0% in Group B (p = 0.24). The incidence of nosocomial infection (5.98% vs. 6.67%, p = 1.00) and 1-year cumulative mortality (4.81% vs. 1.89%, p = 0.40) was comparable between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The antibiotics' prophylactic use was not associated with 5-day treatment failure or 6-week mortality. Prophylactic use of antibiotics may not be routinely necessary in patients with Child A cirrhosis and AVB.</p>","PeriodicalId":48755,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e2030627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recompensation of Liver Cirrhosis: Definition, Mechanism, Etiological Differences, Prognosis, and Challenges.","authors":"Dan Zhou, Kunyi Ba, Tingting Jia, Yi Shen, Li Yang","doi":"10.1155/cjgh/8512168","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cjgh/8512168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The progression from compensated to decompensated cirrhosis has historically been considered irreversible. However, accumulating clinical evidence has given rise to the concept of \"recompensation,\" which posits that a subset of patients with decompensated cirrhosis may regain a compensated state following successful etiological control, leading to a markedly improved prognosis. This review synthesizes current evidence on cirrhosis recompensation, examining its definition, mechanisms, and etiological specificities, while also addressing the prognosis and persistent challenges in this patient population. Further research is needed to refine the definition of recompensation and elucidate the underlying mechanisms and determinants.</p>","PeriodicalId":48755,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e8512168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}