Journal of Physiological Anthropology最新文献

{"title":"The core interthreshold zone during exposure to red and blue light.","authors":"Naoshi Kakitsuba,&nbsp;Igor B Mekjavic,&nbsp;Tetsuo Katsuura","doi":"10.1186/1880-6805-32-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1880-6805-32-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study tested the hypothesis that the core interthreshold zone (CIZ) changes during exposure to red or blue light via the non-visual pathway, because it is known that light intensity affects the central nervous system. We conducted a series of human experiments with 5 or 10 male subjects in each experiment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The air temperature in the climatic chamber was maintained at 20 to 24°C. The subjects wore suits perfused with 25°C water at a rate of 600 cm3/min. They exercised on an ergometer at 50% of their maximum work rate for 10 to 15 minutes until sweating commenced, and then remained continuously seated without exercise until their oxygen uptake increased. The rectal temperature and skin temperatures at four sites were monitored using thermistors. The sweating rate was measured at the forehead with a sweat rate monitor. Oxygen uptake was monitored with a gas analyzer. The subjects were exposed to red or blue light at 500 lx and 1000 lx in both summer and winter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean CIZs at 500 lx were 0.23 ± 0.16°C under red light and 0.20 ± 0.10°C under blue light in the summer, and 0.19 ± 0.20°C under red light and 0.26 ± 0.24°C under blue light in the winter. The CIZs at 1000 lx were 0.18 ± 0.14°C under red light and 0.15 ± 0.20°C under blue light in the summer, and 0.52 ± 0.18°C under red light and 0.71 ± 0.28°C under blue light in the winter. A significant difference (P <0.05) was observed in the CIZs between red and blue light at 1000 lx in the winter, and significant seasonal differences under red light (P <0.05) and blue light (P <0.01) were also observed at 1000 lx.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study demonstrated that dynamic changes in the physiological effects of colors of light on autonomic functions via the non-visual pathway may be associated with the temperature regulation system.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2013-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1880-6805-32-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31360092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of maturation on anthropometry and body composition in Japanese junior high school students.","authors":"Yuko Fukunaga,&nbsp;Yohei Takai,&nbsp;Takaya Yoshimoto,&nbsp;Eiji Fujita,&nbsp;Masayoshi Yamamoto,&nbsp;Hiroaki Kanehisa","doi":"10.1186/1880-6805-32-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1880-6805-32-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine maturity-related differences in anthropometry and body composition in Japanese youth within a single year.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two hundred and ten Japanese youth aged from 13 to 13.99 years participated in this study. Their maturity status was assessed using a self-assessment of stage of pubic hair development. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to estimate percent body fat and lean body mass (LBM). Muscle thickness of the anterior thigh, posterior lower leg and rectus abdominis muscles were measured by ultrasound.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For boys, height, body weight, and LBM in less mature groups were lower than that in more mature groups. The maturity-related differences were still significant after adjusting for chronological age. On the other hand, muscle thickness values in the lower extremity and abdomen differed among the groups at different stages of pubic hair development, whereas there was no maturity-related difference in the relative values corrected by LBM, except for those thickness values measured at the abdomen. For girls, only the muscle thickness at the anterior thigh and muscle thickness relative to LBM1/3 at the posterior lower leg was significantly affected by maturity status, but significant maturity-related difference was not found after adjusting for chronological age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>At least for Japanese boys and girls aged 13 years, maturity status affected body size in boys, but not in girls, and the influence of maturation on the muscularity of the lower extremity and trunk muscles is less in both sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2013-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1880-6805-32-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31312127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between body mass index and muscularity in healthy older Japanese women and men.","authors":"Hiroaki Kanehisa,&nbsp;Tetsuo Fukunaga","doi":"10.1186/1880-6805-32-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1880-6805-32-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Body mass index (BMI), expressed as the ratio of body mass to height squared (kg/m(2)), involves not only fat but also lean mass. The present study aimed to clarify how BMI is associated with total muscle mass (TMM) in older Japanese women and men.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Using a B-mode ultrasound apparatus, muscle thickness was measured at nine sites (forearm, upper arm anterior and posterior, thigh anterior and posterior, lower leg anterior and posterior, abdomen, and subscapular) for 346 women (BMI 16.40 to 33.11 kg/m(2)) and 286 men (BMI 16.86 to 31.18 kg/m(2)) aged 60.0 to 79.5 yrs. TMM was estimated using the product of the sum of the muscle thicknesses at the nine sites with height as an independent variable. For both sexes, the estimated TMM relative to height squared was significantly correlated with BMI (r = 0.688, P<0.0001 for women; r = 0.696, P<0.0001 for men), but the percentage of the estimated TMM in body mass was not.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results indicate that, for older Japanese women and men, BMI is a simple and convenient index for assessing total muscularity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2013-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1880-6805-32-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31310177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen uptake, heart rate, perceived exertion, and integrated electromyogram of the lower and upper extremities during level and Nordic walking on a treadmill.","authors":"Koji Sugiyama,&nbsp;Mami Kawamura,&nbsp;Hisato Tomita,&nbsp;Shizuo Katamoto","doi":"10.1186/1880-6805-32-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1880-6805-32-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to characterize responses in oxygen uptake ( V·O(2)), heart rate (HR), perceived exertion (OMNI scale) and integrated electromyogram (iEMG) readings during incremental Nordic walking (NW) and level walking (LW) on a treadmill. Ten healthy adults (four men, six women), who regularly engaged in physical activity in their daily lives, were enrolled in the study. All subjects were familiar with NW. Each subject began walking at 60 m/min for 3 minutes, with incremental increases of 10 m/min every 2 minutes up to 120 m/min V·O(2), V·(E) and HR were measured every 30 seconds, and the OMNI scale was used during the final 15 seconds of each exercise. EMG readings were recorded from the triceps brachii, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior muscles. V·O(2) was significantly higher during NW than during LW, with the exception of the speed of 70 m/min (P < 0.01). V·E and HR were higher during NW than LW at all walking speeds (P < 0.05 to 0.001). OMNI scale of the upper extremities was significantly higher during NW than during LW at all speeds (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the iEMG reading for the VL was lower during NW than during LW at all walking speeds, while the iEMG reading for the BF and GA muscles were significantly lower during NW than LW at some speeds. These data suggest that the use of poles in NW attenuates muscle activity in the lower extremities during the stance and push-off phases, and decreases that of the lower extremities and increase energy expenditure of the upper body and respiratory system at certain walking speeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2013-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1880-6805-32-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31236041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships between force-time parameters and muscle oxygenation kinetics during maximal sustained isometric grip and maximal repeated rhythmic grip with different contraction frequencies.","authors":"Shinichi Demura,&nbsp;Masakatsu Nakada,&nbsp;Shunsuke Yamaji,&nbsp;Yoshinori Nagasawa","doi":"10.2114/jpa2.27.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/jpa2.27.161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purposes of this study were to examine the relationships between various force-time parameters and muscle oxygenation kinetics during maximal sustained isometric grip (SIG) and maximal repeated rhythmic grips (RRG) with different grip intervals (interval times: 5, 4, 3, and 2 s). Subjects were 10 healthy young males, aged 20-26 years (height 173.9+/-7.3 cm, body mass 71.5+/-11.2 kg). After measuring maximal grip force, each subject performed the SIG and RRG tests with a target frequency of 12, 15, 20, and 30 grips.min(-1) (interval times: 5, 4, 3, and 2 s, respectively) for 6 min. The decreasing time until 80% MVC showed significant and high correlations with final force values in RRGs with over 3 s intervals (r=0.866-0.941), but not in the SIG and RRG with a 2 s interval. The time at the lowest Oxy-Hb/Mb value showed a significant and high correlation with the time at the highest Deoxy-Hb/Mb value only in the SIG and RRG with a 2 s interval (r=0.825-0.916). Oxy-Hb/Mb decreases markedly and deoxy-Hb/Mb increases after the onset of SIG due to the obstruction of blood flow caused by the increase in intramuscular pressure. A similar physiological response to that of SIG occurs also in RRG with a 2 s interval, but RRGs with intervals over 3 s achieve more resumption of blood flow in the muscular relaxation phase. Hence, in spite of the same RRGs, it was determined that RRGs with intervals over 3 s differ significantly in a changing pattern of grip force and muscle oxygen kinetics from RRGs with a 2 s interval.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/jpa2.27.161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27484511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of an accelerometer and a condenser microphone for mechanomyographic signals during measurement of agonist and antagonist muscles in sustained isometric muscle contractions.","authors":"Tae-Kwang Kim,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Shimomura,&nbsp;Koichi Iwanaga,&nbsp;Tetsuo Katsuura","doi":"10.2114/jpa2.27.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/jpa2.27.121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the force tremor (FT) on mechanomyographic (MMG) signals recorded by a condenser microphone (MIC) and an accelerometer (ACC) during measurement of agonist and antagonist muscles in sustained isometric contractions. Surface electromyographic (EMG) signals and MMG signals by MIC (MMG-MIC) and ACC (MMG-ACC) were recorded simultaneously on biceps brachii (BB) and triceps brachii (TB). Following determination of the isometric maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), 10 male subjects were asked to perform sustained elbow flexion and extension contractions at 30% MVC until exhaustion. We analyzed the root mean square (RMS) for all signals and compared the sum of the power spectrum (SPA) for 3-6 Hz and 8-12 Hz and the ratio of the sum of SPA for 3-6 Hz and 8-12 Hz in SPA for 3-100 Hz (SPA-FT/SPA-(3-100 Hz)) between MMG-MIC and MMG-ACC. During all sustained muscle contractions, the RMS of EMG and MMG-(MIC) was significantly (p<0.05) increased in antagonistic muscle pairs, while the increase was more noticeable for the agonist than for the antagonist. In addition, the antagonist had a significantly (p<0.05) smaller amplitude than the agonist muscle. The RMS of MMG-ACC, however, showed no significant (p>0.05) difference in RMS amplitude and slope between agonist and antagonist muscles during flexion. In extension, the MMG-ACC-RMS amplitude showed a tendency to be higher in the antagonist than in the agonist, while their slopes showed no significant (p>0.05) difference. The SPA for 3-6 Hz and 8-12 Hz in MMG-(MIC) showed a tendency to be higher in the agonist than the antagonist, and the slopes of the agonist were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of the antagonist in all contractions. In MMG-ACC, SPA and slopes for 3-6 Hz and 8-12 Hz tended not to differ between agonist and antagonist. The SPA-FT/SPA-(3-100 Hz) in MMG-ACC showed that the antagonist was higher than that of the agonist in all contractions. The MMG-(MIC), however, showed a tendency toward no difference between the agonist and antagonist. In the assessment of muscle activity during simultaneous measurement of the agonist and antagonist during sustained muscle contractions, the MMG signal detected by MIC appeared to be less affected by FT than by ACC due to the different inherent characteristics of the two transducers.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/jpa2.27.121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27484506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of oxygen cost of internal power during cycling exercise with changing pedal rate.","authors":"Masato Tokui,&nbsp;Kohji Hirakoba","doi":"10.2114/jpa2.27.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/jpa2.27.133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been reported that oxygen uptake (VO2) increases exponentially with levels of the pedal rate during cycling. The purpose of this study was therefore to test the hypothesis that the O2 cost for internal power output (Pint) exerted in exercising muscle itself would be larger than for an external power output (Pext) calculated from external load and pedal rate during cycling exercise under various conditions of Pint and Pext in a large range of pedal rates. The O2 cost (DeltaVO2/ Deltapower output) was investigated in three experiments that featured different conditions on a cycle ergometer that were carried out at the same levels of total power output (Ptot; sum of Pint and Pext) (Exp. 1), Pext (Exp. 2) and load (Exp. 3). Each experiment consisted of three exercise tests with three levels of pedal rate (40 rpm for a lower pedal rate: LP; 70-80 rpm for a moderate pedal rate: MP; and 100-120 rpm for a higher pedal rate: HP) lasting for 2-3 min of unloaded cycling followed by 4-5 min of loaded cycling. Blood lactate accumulations (2.3-3.4 mmol l(-1)) at the HP were significantly higher compared with the LP (0.6-0.9 mmol l(-1)) and MP (0.9-1.0 mmol l(-1)) except for the LP in Exp. 1. The VO2 (360-432 ml min(-1) for LP, 479-644 ml min(-1) for MP, 960-1602 ml min(-1) for HP) during unloaded cycling in the three experiments increased exponentially with increasing pedal rates regardless of Pext=0. Moreover, the slope of the VO2-Pint (13.7 ml min(-1) W(-1)) relation revealed a steeper inclination than that of the VO2-Pext (10.2 ml min(-1) W(-1)) relation. We concluded that the O2 cost for Pint was larger than for Pext during the cycling exercises, indicating that the O2 cost for Ptot could be affected by the ratio of Pint to Ptot due to the levels of pedal rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/jpa2.27.133","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27484507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot study of the relationship between bowel habits and sleep health by actigraphy measurement and fecal flora analysis.","authors":"Shigeyuki Ono,&nbsp;Yoko Komada,&nbsp;Tetsuro Kamiya,&nbsp;Shuichiro Shirakawa","doi":"10.2114/jpa2.27.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/jpa2.27.145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have previously reported that there may be a relationship between bowel habits including functional constipation (FC) and irritable bowel syndrome and sleep health. However, our previous studies were based on only subjective parameters by self-reported questionnaire. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between bowel habits such as FC and sleep health using objective parameters. Sleep health was assessed by actigraphy measurement and bowel habits by fecal flora analysis. The FC and control subjects, whose bowel habits were defined at Rome II, were recruited from evaluated respondents in our previous study directed at middle-aged Japanese women, ten FC and ten control subjects participating in this study. Wake after sleep onset (WASO) and WASO (%) (WASO/total sleep time multiplied by 100) in FC subjects was significantly longer and greater than those in control subjects, respectively. Average activity during sleep in FC subjects was significantly higher than that in control subjects. FC had no effect on total sleep time. Bifidobacterium is broadly accepted to be useful intestinal bacteria for human health and one of the indices showing that the intestinal environment is in a desirable condition. Bifidobacterium counts per gram of wet feces and proportion in total bacterial cell counts in FC subjects were significantly lower than those in control subjects. In conclusion, these results suggest that corresponding to low Bifidobacterium counts and proportion, sleep in FC subjects may be worse than that in control subjects. There may be a relationship between bowel habits and sleep health. Bowel habits such as FC might be a risk factor for sleep disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/jpa2.27.145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27484509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fat-free mass and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption in the 40 minutes after short-duration exhaustive exercise in young male Japanese athletes.","authors":"Yasuaki Tahara,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Moji,&nbsp;Sumihisa Honda,&nbsp;Rieko Nakao,&nbsp;Noriaki Tsunawake,&nbsp;Rika Fukuda,&nbsp;Kiyoshi Aoyagi,&nbsp;Nicholas Mascie-Taylor","doi":"10.2114/jpa2.27.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/jpa2.27.139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between fat-free mass (FFM) and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) has not been well researched because of the relatively small number of subjects studied. This study investigated the effects of FFM on EPOC and EPOC/maximum oxygen consumption. 250 Japanese male athletes between 16 and 21 years old from Nagasaki prefecture had their EPOC measured up to 40 minutes after short-duration exhaustive exercise. The value was named as EPOC40 min. The proportions of EPOC up to 1, 3, 6, 10, and 25 minutes to EPOC40 min were calculated and named as P1, P3, P6, P10, and P25, respectively. Body size and composition, VO2max and resting metabolic rate (RMR) were also measured. Mean EPOC40 min was 9.04 L or 158 ml/kg FFM. EPOC40 min was related to FFM (r=0.55, p<0.001) and VO2max (r=0.37, p<0.001). The ratio of EPOC40 min to VO2max was related to FFM (r=0.28, p<0.001). P1, P3, P6, P10, and P25 were negatively related to EPOC40 min/FFM, EPOC40 min/VO2max, and FFM. Athletes who had larger FFM had larger EPOC40 40 min and EPOC40 40 min/VO2max, and smaller P1, P3, P10, and P25.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/jpa2.27.139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27484508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a cool environment on the health of female office workers and students.","authors":"Kyoko Kai,&nbsp;Shinichi Inoue,&nbsp;Yasuki Higaki,&nbsp;Katsumaro Tomokuni","doi":"10.2114/jpa2.27.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/jpa2.27.153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a cool environment on the peripheral skin blood flow and subjective thermal sensations of female office workers and female students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The subjects were 26 female bank employees (mean age, 38 years) who worked in a cool environment and 10 female college students (mean age, 22 years). The peripheral skin blood flow was measured using a laser Doppler blood flow meter. In each bank employee, peripheral skin blood flow was measured at three time points during the workday in the medical treatment room at their workplace. In the college students, peripheral skin blood flow was measured every hour between 9:00 and 17:00 in a laboratory. In both the medical treatment room and the laboratory, the room temperature was controlled at 24-26 degrees C with a relative humidity of 55+/-10%. The bank employees and students were each divided into those with hypersensitivity to cold (Group A) and those without hypersensitivity to cold (Group B).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When the 10 college students were in the cool environment (24-26 degrees C), their peripheral skin blood flow generally decreased over time. The rate of decrease of this blood flow was greater in Group A than in Group B. In the female bank employees, the peripheral skin blood flow was the lowest at 12:00 (before lunch), was increased at 13:00 (after lunch), and then was decreased at 17:30. However, the degree of the increase from before lunch to after lunch in Group A was about half of that in Group B.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among female office workers and students, a cool environment reduced the peripheral skin blood flow of individuals with hypersensitivity to cold to a greater degree than in those without hypersensitivity to cold.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/jpa2.27.153","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27484510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}