Journal of Physiological Anthropology最新文献

{"title":"Dose-dependent cardiac autonomic dysregulation under classroom crowding: heart rate variability analysis and machine learning classification.","authors":"Mohamed Naeem","doi":"10.1186/s40101-026-00451-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40101-026-00451-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Classroom overcrowding affects hundreds of millions of students globally, yet its physiological impact on cardiac autonomic function remains uncharacterized. This controlled within-subjects experiment enrolled 30 healthy university students who attended standardized 30-min lectures under three calibrated density conditions: low (30 students/150 m²), medium (60/150 m²), and high (100/150 m²), with all environmental parameters held constant. Twenty-five heart rate variability (HRV) parameters spanning time-domain, frequency-domain, and nonlinear domains were extracted from continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings. Subjective workload was assessed via the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), and RoBoSS-SVM (a Support Vector Machine using the Robust, Bounded, Sparse, and Smooth loss function) with Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) classified density conditions from HRV features. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed significant density effects on all 25 HRV parameters (all p < 0.001), with 64% demonstrating exceptionally large effect sizes (η²p ≥ 0.50). Parasympathetic markers showed the largest responses: pNN50 declined 52% (η²p = 0.702), HF power declined 51% (η²p = 0.654), and RMSSD declined 32% (η²p = 0.420) from low to high density-while sympathetically influenced indices showed substantially smaller effects, confirming parasympathetic withdrawal as the predominant autonomic mechanism. These suppression magnitudes approach levels associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. NASA-TLX scores increased 74% across conditions (p < 0.001) and correlated with HRV vagal indices (r = -0.69 to -0.76), providing corroborating, though not definitive, evidence that crowding engages both subjective and autonomic stress pathways (see Discussion for caveats regarding this association). Temporal analysis confirmed progressive autonomic suppression without habituation across 10-min windows. RoBoSS-SVM achieved 92.2% accuracy for three-class discrimination and 97.2% accuracy (AUC = 0.993) for binary classification, with parasympathetic time-domain features comprising 64% of the optimal feature set. Classroom spatial density produces dose-dependent, mechanism-specific cardiac autonomic dysregulation dominated by vagal withdrawal-consistent with polyvagal theory's prediction for social-environmental stressors. The excellent classification performance supports feasibility of real-time wearable monitoring for evidence-based classroom capacity management.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Body height, body composition, and lifestyle of Czech high school students: implications for the most appropriate strategies supporting physical growth and preventing obesity.","authors":"Pavel Grasgruber, Eduard Hrazdíra, Zuzana Hlavoňová, Nikola Stračárová, Dominik Bokůvka, Jan Cacek, Jan Huleš, Tomáš Kalina, Tereza Králová, Oldřich Racek, Lenka Svobodová, Marie Svobodová","doi":"10.1186/s40101-026-00450-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40101-026-00450-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13640286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149117008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploratory study on the association between vitamin D intake or synthesis and sleep health in young adult women: an observational study.","authors":"Rika Yoshizu, Toru Sasaki, Hideaki Nakajima, Hiromi Eto, Takuya Shuo, Hideaki Kondo","doi":"10.1186/s40101-026-00436-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40101-026-00436-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency, which is highly prevalent in modern society, is associated with health issues, including sleep-wake disorders and depression. This pilot study aimed to examine the relationship between dietary vitamin D intake or vitamin D synthesis from ultraviolet exposure and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels as an indicator of vitamin D status, as well as their association with sleep health and depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-nine young adult women participated in two surveys conducted in spring and summer. Vitamin D intake was estimated based on responses to a dietary questionnaire. The amount of vitamin D synthesized in the skin through ultraviolet exposure was calculated by estimating ultraviolet exposure over a 2-week period. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Sleep habits were assessed using a 2-week sleep diary, and depression and insomnia symptoms were evaluated using questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (SD) serum 25(OH)D concentrations in spring and summer were 8.9 (2.9) and 15.5 (4.8) ng/mL, respectively. The median (IQR) dietary vitamin D intake adjusted for energy expenditure based on dietary surveys was 8.5 (6.6, 9.2) μg/day in spring and 6.2 (4.3, 10.2) μg/day in summer (P = 0.40). The median (IQR) amount of vitamin D produced from ultraviolet exposure increased from 10.5 (4.6, 17.4) μg/day in spring to 17.0 (10.1, 34.5) μg/day in summer (P = 0.009). Among those with low serum 25(OH)D concentrations or low vitamin D intake in summer, the delayed midpoint of sleep was observed. No significant correlation was found between changes in serum 25(OH)D concentrations from spring to summer and changes in depression or insomnia symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All participants exhibited vitamin D deficiency during the spring term. In contrast, during the summer term, serum 25(OH)D levels increased, primarily due to enhanced vitamin D synthesis resulting from ultraviolet exposure of the skin. However, the observed increase in serum 25(OH)D levels from spring to summer did not correlate with any improvement in depression or insomnia symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148473679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of postural dependence in subcutaneous fat thickness measurement using a caliper.","authors":"Tomoyuki Yamauchi, Atsushi Sugama","doi":"10.1186/s40101-026-00435-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40101-026-00435-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Standing is commonly used as the standard position for skinfold-based subcutaneous fat thickness measurement; however, the feasibility and reliability of alternative positions remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten healthy men participated. Subcutaneous fat thickness was measured at the lumbar and medial calf regions using a metal caliper. Measurements were obtained in standing, sitting, prone, side-lying, and supine positions, except for the lumbar region. Each posture was measured three times in one session by the same examiner, and participant-level means were used for analysis. Intra-rater reliability was assessed using ICC(1, 1) and ICC(1, 3).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participant-level means ranged from 3.7 to 4.0 mm in the lumbar region and from 4.2 to 4.4 mm in the lower leg. ICCs exceeded 0.90 in both regions. A main effect of posture was observed in the lumbar region, whereas the Greenhouse-Geisser-corrected main effect was not significant in the lower leg. Post hoc differences were found only between standing and side-lying and between standing and prone positions in the lumbar region, with Cohen's d values of 0.19 and 0.16, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Subcutaneous fat thickness measurements obtained using a metal caliper showed very high intra-rater reliability across postures. Although small posture-related differences were observed, particularly in the lumbar region, the magnitude of these differences appeared to be of limited practical relevance in healthy young men. Alternative measurement postures may be considered when standing measurement is difficult, although further validation in other populations is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13495214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148260088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrepancy between self-reported intoxication and psychomotor vigilance task performance after alcohol intake: associations with BrAC, alcohol-metabolizing genotypes, and drinking tendency.","authors":"Midori Motoi, Nakyeong Shin, Momo Hama, Yukitaro Yasuda, Takayuki Nishimura, Eigo Nishimura, Hideo Toyoshima, Yuiko Araki, Takafumi Katsumura, Yali Xia, Tomoaki Ohashi, Nariaki Kuriyama, Yuna Miyauchi, Yuki Motomura, Shigekazu Higuchi","doi":"10.1186/s40101-026-00434-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40101-026-00434-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The degrees of subjective intoxication (SI) and vigilance impairment following alcohol consumption vary among individuals. This variability may reflect both metabolic enzyme genotypes and drinking behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine the integrated associations among alcohol-metabolizing enzyme genotypes, drinking tendency, and acute alcohol-induced changes in breath alcohol concentration (BrAC), SI, and vigilance performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Alcohol (0.5 g/kg body weight) was orally administered to 93 healthy adults. BrAC, SI, and the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) were measured at multiple time points between 0 and 100 min. Repeated-measures ANOVA was performed with time as the within-subject factor and alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) genotypes as between-subject factors. Additionally, using structural equation modeling (SEM), we examined how BrAC, SI, and PVT lapse rates were jointly related to genotypes and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For BrAC and SI, a significant ALDH2 × time interaction was observed. ALDH2*1/*1 participants had lower BrAC than ALDH2*1/*2 participants. Regarding PVT performance, the main effect of time was observed, but no significant main effects or interactions involving genotypes were found. Additionally, results from SEM showed that, in the 40-min model, BrAC positively predicted SI and lapse rate, and AUDIT-C negatively predicted SI but not lapse rate. ALDH2 genotype positively predicted AUDIT-C and negatively predicted BrAC; ALDH2 genotype also showed a significant direct negative path to SI but not on lapse rate. In the 100-min model, BrAC positively predicted SI but not lapse rate, and AUDIT-C negatively predicted SI but not lapse rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ALDH2 genotype contributed to variability in BrAC and SI but not PVT performance. In the 40-min SEM model, higher AUDIT-C predicted lower SI despite no association with BrAC or PVT lapse rate. This pattern suggests a discrepancy between self-reported intoxication and PVT performance. These findings may inform risk communication and intervention strategies to reduce alcohol-related accidents and improve health education.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR), UMIN000055964, registered on 2024-10-28.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148220262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial sleep deprivation with a 2-h time-in-bed may not change divergent thinking and insight problem solving in young males: a Bayesian analysis.","authors":"Yuki Motomura, Toshihiro Iwayama, Tamaki Ueda, Mayu Kajihara, Takayuki Momoi","doi":"10.1186/s40101-026-00431-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40101-026-00431-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigated the impact of partial sleep deprivation on creativity by comparing performance changes between the partial sleep deprivation and normal sleep groups before and after engaging in creative tasks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven adult males (age 22.59 ± 1.89) participated in this experiment. Participants were divided into two groups: those with partial sleep deprivation and those with normal sleep patterns. Both groups completed creativity assessments, including the Japanese version of the Divergent Association Task (DAT) and tangram puzzles, before and after the sleep intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that despite increased subjective sleepiness and decreased sustained attention in the partial sleep deprivation group, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of performance on the DAT and tangram tasks. A Bayesian two-way analysis of variance supported the hypothesis that partial sleep deprivation does not adversely affect these aspects of creativity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that partial sleep deprivation may not impair certain creative abilities, such as verbal divergent thinking and insight problem-solving. However, while creative performance is maintained, other cognitive functions and overall health may be compromised owing to insufficient sleep. Therefore, individuals, especially those in creative professions, should be cautious of the potentially broader impacts of sleep deprivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147989768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between muscle dysmorphia-related body image concerns, physical activity, and body composition: a cross-sectional study among young Asian adults in Malaysia.","authors":"Yee-How Say, Shi-Hui Cheng, Nur Fadhilah Syuhada Nazaruddin, Jingruo Wang, Wen Yi Goh, Fei Ling Yap, Meng-Che Tsai","doi":"10.1186/s40101-026-00427-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40101-026-00427-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Muscle dysmorphia (MD) is a body image disturbance characterized by an obsessive drive for muscularity, increasingly observed in non-Western populations. However, limited data exist on its associations with physical activity (PA) and body composition in Asian contexts. This study examined the relationships between MD-related body image concerns, PA levels, and anthropometric/body composition characteristics among young Asian adults in Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study involving 513 university students in Malaysia (207 males, 306 females; median age 21 ± 2 years) was conducted. Participants completed validated questionnaires assessing MD-related concerns-Drive for Leanness Scale (DLS), Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS), MD Disorder Inventory (MDDI), Muscularity-Oriented Eating Test (MOET)-and weight control behaviors. PA was assessed using the IPAQ-SF, and body composition was measured via bioimpedance. Sex differences, correlations, and multiple regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Males reported significantly higher DMS and MDDI scores, greater skeletal muscle, and higher PA levels (p < 0.001), while females had higher adiposity measures. PA showed positive associations with all MD-related body image concerns, including DMS (β = 0.149), MDDI (β = 0.188), and MOET (β = 0.107). Regression models also identified BMI, waist-to-height ratio, subcutaneous fat, financial adequacy, and life satisfaction as significant associated factors. Participants in higher PA categories reported more severe MD-related concerns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, the findings indicate that while PA and body composition are statistically associated with MD-related concerns, these relationships are relatively weak, suggesting that objective physical characteristics play a limited role. This underscores the importance of considering psychological and sociocultural factors when examining MD among young Asian adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13361597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147976522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal analysis of neuromuscular adaptation using entropy and PCA during motor learning.","authors":"Megumi Shimura, Yoshihiro Shimomura","doi":"10.1186/s40101-026-00432-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40101-026-00432-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Motor learning can yield clear behavioral gains even when EMG-derived indices show subtle, heterogeneous, or non-monotonic change. We aimed to describe longitudinal trajectories of performance and multi-channel EMG summaries during extended practice of a tempo-constrained finger sequencing task under stable constraints.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eleven participants practiced a fixed sequence for 30 sessions. Timing accuracy was quantified as mean absolute timing error. Forearm/hand EMG was normalized to a reference voluntary contraction (%RVC). We computed EMG entropy as a summary of the spatial dispersion of activation, summarized early-to-late changes in normalized amplitude (Δ%RVC), and used a pooled (common) PCA framework to define a dataset-level dominant covariation axis and track session-related changes in PC1 scores (projections) along this fixed axis. Longitudinal trends were examined using linear mixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Timing error decreased with practice in a pattern consistent with a negatively accelerated (quadratic) trajectory. Group-level entropy did not show a uniform monotonic trend, and individual entropy trajectories varied substantially. Δ%RVC changes were generally small and non-uniform across muscles and participants. In the pooled PCA framework, PC1 scores exhibited a modest session-related drift, suggesting gradual shifts in activation patterns along a common covariation dimension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Under fixed task constraints, behavioral improvement may coexist with heterogeneous EMG entropy trajectories and small, non-uniform changes in normalized amplitude. Multi-channel summaries can help characterize individualized routes to skill acquisition, whereas mechanistic interpretation will likely require additional measures (e.g., kinematics/kinetics) and/or explicit manipulations of task constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13348549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147950018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of bed baths with weak wiping pressure using cotton and disposable towels on the skin barrier function of the lower limbs and forearms in older patients with heart disease: a quasi-experimental (crossover) study.","authors":"Inaho Shishido, Rika Yano","doi":"10.1186/s40101-026-00433-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40101-026-00433-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bed baths are commonly used to maintain skin hygiene in older hospitalized patients whose skin may be affected by disease, treatment, and aging. The effects of bed baths on the skin barrier function, particularly in the lower limbs, in older patients with heart disease who may have fragile skin remain unclear. This quasi-experimental (crossover) study investigated the effects of bed baths with weak wiping pressure using cotton and disposable towels on the skin barrier function of the lower limbs and forearms in older hospitalized patients with heart disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-three older hospitalized patients with heart disease were evaluated. Participants received two randomly ordered wipes (AB or BA): (A) bed baths of the lower limbs and forearms using disposable towels; and (B) bed baths of the lower limbs and forearms using cotton towels. Weak wiping pressure was used (10-20 mmHg). Skin barrier function was measured before, 15 min after, and the day after bed bath using transepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum hydration (SCH), and overall dry skin score (ODS). Mixed-effects models for repeated measures were used to compare the changes over time between the two types of bed baths.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SCH and TEWL were lower in the lower limbs than in the forearms, while ODS was higher. An interaction for TEWL was observed in the lower limbs (F _[2_,25_] = 4.0, P = 0.030); however, TEWL did not differ significantly across time points or towel types. No interaction or main effects of time or towel type on lower limb SCH and forearm TEWL were noted. Only the main effect of time on forearm SCH was observed, which was significantly lower 15 min after the cotton towel bed bath than before (t = 3.2, P = 0.004, MD [95% CI]: - 3.5, - 0.8). ODS at baseline and the following day demonstrated no difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Changes in TEWL and SCH over time revealed that a single bed bath with weak wiping pressure did not cause sustained impairment of skin barrier function by the following day. However, transient SCH decreases, and limited intervention periods require further mechanistic investigation.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>UMIN R000061354 (date of registration: March 3, 2024).</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13277132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147786434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in research on thermogenic substances.","authors":"Mengdi Tao, Yutong Gao, Xuxia Chai, Jiahui Peng, Changjiang Guo, Lixia Yu, Zhanxin Yao","doi":"10.1186/s40101-026-00428-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40101-026-00428-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In mammals, a constant body temperature is maintained for survival in cold environments, primarily through the activation of thermogenic mechanisms. In this review, we discussed the advances in research on cold-adaptive thermogenic substances and their regulation. First, we outlined the primary thermogenic responses to cold exposure, including shivering thermogenesis (ST) and non-shivering thermogenesis (NST), and emerging thermogenic pathways. Next, we discussed the mechanism of action of various thermogenic substances, including nutrients, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), TCM extracts, and dietary functional factors. This review provides a theoretical foundation for developing cold-resistance preparations with minimal side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":48730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiological Anthropology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13217984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147718657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}