Physical Communication最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of ergodic sum rate in RSMA with perfect and imperfect SIC: A multiple-antenna selection approach for optimizing UAV positioning","authors":"Van Son Nguyen ,&nbsp;Anh Le-Thi ,&nbsp;Vu Duy Thuan ,&nbsp;Chi-Bao Le ,&nbsp;Tien Hoa Nguyen ,&nbsp;Sang-Quang Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) has emerged as a promising multiple access technique for next-generation wireless networks, enabling enhanced spectral efficiency and interference management. This paper analyzes the ergodic sum-rate performance of an RSMA-enabled unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication system under both perfect and imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) scenarios. To optimize system performance, we propose an antenna selection strategy with multiple antennas at the UAV-based aerial base station (UAV-BS) and derive closed-form analytical expressions for the ergodic sum rate under various network configurations. Furthermore, an alternating optimization (AO)-based UAV-BS placement strategy is developed to maximize spectral efficiency. We also extend the analysis to the high-SNR regime, where asymptotic approximations offer insights into the impact of residual interference in imperfect SIC scenarios. Additionally, we introduce the energy-spectral efficiency (ESE) metric, which accounts for both spectral efficiency and total power consumption, including UAV propulsion, radio frequency (RF) transmission, and circuit power consumption. Simulation results demonstrate that RSMA significantly outperforms Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), particularly under imperfect SIC conditions, while achieving superior ESE through optimized power allocation and UAV positioning. These findings provide valuable design guidelines for robust and energy-efficient RSMA-enabled UAV-assisted networks in future wireless systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid beamforming and phase shift optimization for energy efficiency with on-off control of RF chain and reflecting elements in 6G RIS-aided communications","authors":"Yuh-Shyan Chen,&nbsp;Jung-Chen Lee,&nbsp;Bo-Han Li","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) has emerged as a promising low-cost and energy-efficient solution for 6G wireless networks by enabling intelligent control of the wireless propagation environment. However, the energy consumption of RF chains and the large-scale deployment of reflecting elements remain critical challenges for practical RIS-assisted systems. In this paper, we propose a novel Beamforming and Phase-shift Optimization Framework (BPOF) that jointly optimizes hybrid beamforming, RIS phase shift design, and the on-off control of both RF chains and reflecting elements to enhance energy efficiency (EE) in downlink communications. The proposed BPOF scheme is applicable to both passive and active RIS architectures, where active RIS elements can amplify reflected signals to mitigate multiplicative fading effects. To address the non-convexity of the energy efficiency maximization problem, we adopt Dinkelbach’s method and quadratic transformation, combined with an alternating optimization strategy, to efficiently approximate the optimal solution. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed BPOF scheme achieves a 1.04% improvement in energy efficiency compared to existing baseline approaches, highlighting its potential for future energy-efficient 6G RIS-aided communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced PAPR and Impulsive Noise Reduction for Improved Performance in OFDM-based Power Line Communication","authors":"Badis Lekouaghet ,&nbsp;Mohamed Benghanem ,&nbsp;Abdelkrim Boukabou","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we propose a new approach to minimize the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) which is considered as the main obstacle at the receiving end through the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing-based Power Line Communication (OFDM-PLC) channel. The proposed method is based on the combination of a modified selective mapping (MSLM) and a modified Partial transmit sequence (MPTS) with a novel clipping function (NCF) to design two new techniques namely, MSLM-NCF and MPTS-NCF, respectively. In this context, the MSLM introduces a novel phase factor depending on the diagonal coefficients of Riemann matrix while the MPTS uses a suboptimal combination algorithm that can effectively reduce the time complexity. In addition, the NCF process uses a novel strategy to clip the impulsive bursts. Consequently, the proposed techniques can efficiently mitigate both the impulsive noise (IN) and the PAPR generated over the OFDM-PLC channels. Performance evaluation of the proposed techniques is measured in terms of BER (bit error rate), MSE (mean square error), and CCDF (complementary cumulative distribution function) by using a well known PLC channel model. Obtained results are shown to be superior to the often referenced well-known methods in the literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102728"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peak-to-average power ratio reduction in OTFS using tone reservation: Clipping and windowing","authors":"Kasukurthi Naveen Kumar ,&nbsp;Pydi Deepika ,&nbsp;Sivaprasad Valluri ,&nbsp;Chakravarthy Gunturu","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Orthogonal Time Frequency and Space (OTFS) is a next-generation two-dimensional modulation technique that operates in the delay-Doppler (DD) domain and provides good resistance against both fading and interference in a high-mobility environment. However, it suffers from a rather high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), causing nonlinear distortion and degrading the signal. This paper proposes a new Tone Reservation Clipping and Windowing (TRCW) technique that is supposed to reduce the challenges associated with PAPR and bit-error rate (BER) in OTFS systems. With reserved tones and clipping using optimized windowing, the proposed method provides minimal distortion in the signal and a significant reduction in PAPR and BER. Simulation results demonstrate that TRCW outperforms conventional clipping methods, enhancing overall system efficiency and signal quality, particularly for 5G, 6G, and IoT applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence performance evaluation for URLLC of industrial IoT applications: A review, open challenges and future directions","authors":"Abdinasir Hirsi ,&nbsp;Lukman Audah ,&nbsp;Adeb Salh ,&nbsp;Mohammed Alhartomi ,&nbsp;Zhili Sun ,&nbsp;Ahmed Hammoodi ,&nbsp;Salman Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of fifth-generation/sixth-generation (5G/6G) ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) with industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications is revolutionizing Industry 4.0, and enhancing IIoT performance through artificial intelligence (AI) simulations. The critical need for low latency and high reliability in IIoT devices can be effectively addressed by leveraging AI techniques, optimizing data processing, and making decisions in real time. Traditional methods achieve some level of efficiency and safety, but AI offers significant improvements in decision-making, safety, quality prediction, and employee adoption. Integrating AI into IIoT applications enhances industrial workflows, while presenting opportunities and challenges. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms enable industrial applications to operate efficiently and intelligently. This paper outlines the requirements for reliable and low-latency communication links between IIoT devices and primary research areas where AI algorithms can be employed, such as fault diagnosis, intelligent anomaly detection, edge computing, network performance, and intrusion detection systems in IIoT applications. Special attention is paid to the role of AI techniques in enhancing IIoT system performance and efficiency, highlighting its advantages, applications, and challenges. The current state-of-the-art challenges and future directions of AI in IIoTs are discussed, providing insights for further research. Potential areas for further research include developing new techniques, integrating 5G/6G technologies, autonomous decision-making, self-optimization, addressing mission-critical applications, and shifting AI processing to the edge. This comprehensive review will benefit academics, researchers, professionals in AI and IIoT, and industries seeking to leverage AI technologies to enhance IIoT performance and efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Channel estimation for IRS-Aided mmWave massive MIMO systems based on variational Bayesian method with Laplacian prior","authors":"Zhichao Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Shao ,&nbsp;Haohan Li ,&nbsp;Wence Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Xia ,&nbsp;Zhaowen Zheng ,&nbsp;Xu Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) aided mmWave Massive Multiple-Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system has been considered as a key enabler for future 6G systems. The excellent performance of such systems highly relies on accurate channel state information (CSI) which, however, is very challenging to obtain. To solve this problem, in this work we propose a channel estimation scheme based on variational Bayesian compressive sensing with Laplace prior (VBCS-Laplace). The channel estimation problem is reconstructed as in a sparse form and a sensing matrix is designed based on angular domain quantization. Different from existing works, we propose to employ Laplace prior to exploit the inherent space sparsity in mmWave channel. An iterative algorithm is proposed to update the hyper-parameters in the Bayesian model. To verify the performance, extensive simulations are carried out and numerical results show that the proposed VBCS-Laplace significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art counterparts with a slightly increase in computational complexity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magic matrix-based discrete phase shifts allocation in RIS-assisted downlink NOMA system","authors":"Sourabh Tiwari ,&nbsp;Joydeep Sengupta ,&nbsp;Bhumika Neole ,&nbsp;Ankita H. Harkare","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a novel approach to enhance the performance of downlink Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) systems by leveraging Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS). The proposed approach combines fractal and magic matrix-based Discrete Phase Shifts Allocation (DPSA) techniques. The fractal-controlled magic matrix-based DPSA technique applies a fractal-like phase shift allocation, derived from the magic matrix, to the meta-atoms of the RIS, aiming to improve the system’s capacity. Meanwhile, the method utilizes the inherent properties of a magic matrix for phase shift allocation. The proposed approach holds promise for application in various scenarios, including 5G and beyond wireless networks, and has the potential to enhance the sum rate and overall performance of NOMA systems in diverse wireless network settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144279372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Channel capacity enhancement of RIS-assisted FSO communication system for high-speed trains access connectivity","authors":"Abhishek Kumar ,&nbsp;Kehariom Dewangan ,&nbsp;Prabu Krishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising utilization and technological progress of high-speed train (HST) systems, combined with the requirement for uninterrupted and dependable internet connectivity, have made it essential to provide broadband internet services onboard HSTs. Free space optics communication (FSOC) is a promising technology for providing broadband Internet access to HSTs. Technological innovations such as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are being explored to enhance the performance of FSOC systems. This study proposes an Optimal Rate Adaptation (ORA)-based RIS-assisted FSOC system. We investigated the statistical properties of RIS-assisted and direct FSO channels under moderate to strong turbulence conditions with and without pointing errors. Considering the aforementioned fading conditions, we subsequently formulated the average signal-to-noise ratio and the average channel capacity of the system using the ORA technique. The results show that the proposed RIS-assisted FSOC system achieves an average spectral efficiency (ASE) of 4 bits/sec/Hz at 24 dB average SNR for a 500 m link length.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Position optimization algorithm for UAV in NOMA-based covert communication system","authors":"Xin Jing,&nbsp;Yanli Hou,&nbsp;Qingyu Pei,&nbsp;Zhilong Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates a Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA)-enabled Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-assisted covert communication system designed for military scenarios where a ground base station becomes inoperative, requiring a UAV to function as a temporary base station. To determine the optimal deployment position of the UAV base station, a Sine–Cosine Marine Predators Algorithm (SC-MPA) is proposed. In this system, a single UAV establishes communication links with two ground users, utilizing the high-power signal transmitted between the UAV and the public user to effectively mask the low-power signal exchanged between the UAV and the covert user, thereby achieving communication covertness. Simultaneously, a ground-based warden attempts to detect the UAV’s communication activities. Specifically, under the dual constraints of system covertness and reliability, the SC-MPA algorithm is utilized to determine the optimal position of the UAV base station, aiming to maximize the communication throughput between the UAV and the covert user, thereby enhancing the overall system performance. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can rapidly and accurately determine the optimal UAV position. This not only significantly improves the system’s covert throughput but also exhibits excellent convergence and global optimization capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102722"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localization performance analysis based on channel knowledge map","authors":"Huayang Wei ,&nbsp;Qidong Gao ,&nbsp;Wence Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Xia ,&nbsp;Zhaowen Zheng ,&nbsp;Xu Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article analyzes the localization performance based on Channel Knowledge Map (CKM). A single access point (AP) is deployed in a three-dimensional (3-D) scenario and the CKM is used to localize the users, which utilizes channel information including angle of arrival (AoA), angle of departure (AoD), and path loss from both line of sight (LoS) and non-line of sight (NLoS) paths between the AP and users. Due to the impracticality of directly using NLoS paths, the virtual access point (VAP) technique is utilized to address NLoS issues. Subsequently, Cramér–Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) model that incorporates grid size effects is derived to assess localization accuracy. We analyze the impact of grid size, the number of propagation paths, and the use of single and multiple channel information metrics on CRLB. The results indicate that as the grid size decreases, localization error is reduced up to a certain threshold. Additionally, increasing the number of propagation paths enhances localization accuracy, as it provides more comprehensive spatial information. The analysis are verified through numerical results and it is found that CKM-based localization consistently achieves sub-meter accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102721"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}