Physical Communication最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing energy efficiency in MC-NOMA systems through optimized channel and power allocation","authors":"Pawan Gupta,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar,&nbsp;Rakesh Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has quickly become popular due to its higher spectral efficiency (SE) and is crucial in extending future networks’ capacity. This paper presents an innovative approach to enhancing energy efficiency (EE) in downlink (DL) multi-carrier (MC) NOMA systems, in which a single base station (BS) supports a group of users across multiple sub-channels. A novel least user sum gain-based user assignment (LUSGUA) algorithm is proposed in this paper, which prioritizes users with the lowest channel gains for optimal sub-carrier allocation. Additionally, a novel power allocation (PA) scheme is developed across sub-carriers to further improve energy efficiency (EE), throughput, and fairness. Since the PA optimization problem (OP) is constrained and non-convex, to tackle this problem, a penalty approach (PTA) is proposed, which is then addressed by particle swarm optimization (PSO) with sequential optimization of the inter/intra-level PA. Power is allocated across sub-carriers at the inter-level using PSO, while at the intra-level, power is distributed among users via the Bisection Method (BM). Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves significant enhancements in EE, with improvements ranging from 13.04% to 48.67% compared to existing resource allocation (RA) schemes techniques, while also improving system throughput, fairness, and outage percentage. These results highlight substantial advancements over traditional methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analog self-interference cancellation for full-duplex communication based on deep reinforcement learning","authors":"Cong Hu ,&nbsp;Yuanxiang Chen ,&nbsp;Hao Bai ,&nbsp;Shuo Wang ,&nbsp;Jianguo Yu ,&nbsp;Fan Lu ,&nbsp;Zhanchun Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Full-duplex (FD) communication systems are expected to be extensively used in wireless communications, however, their performance is severely limited due to the self-interference (SI). Traditional analog self-interference cancellation (ASIC) methods generally do not consider estimating the delay of the SI channel, thereby requiring a large number of taps to capture channel details. In order to effectively eliminate SI in situations with limited resources or space, we propose two novel ASIC schemes based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL), named Multi-Deep Q Network (Multi-DQN) scheme and DQN-Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DQN-DDPG) scheme. Specifically, for the Multi-DQN scheme, we use multiple DQN units to estimate the delay and attenuation of the SI channel discretely, which can effectively reduce the number of taps required for ASIC. To overcome the loss of discretization, the DQN-DDPG scheme utilizes DQN and DDPG units to estimate the delay and continuous attenuation of the SI channel, respectively. Simulation results indicate that both proposed schemes achieve a similar performance to the multi-tap methods with fewer taps. Additionally, the effectiveness of both schemes is verified across various scenarios, encompassing system configurations, hyperparameters, and channel changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal position and power allocation for RSMA multigroup multicast and multibeam UAV-assisted communication","authors":"Kehao Wang,&nbsp;Yingzhao Sun,&nbsp;Changzhen Li,&nbsp;Pei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) under probabilistic line-of-sight (PLoS) links in multigroup multicast and multigroup unmanned aerial vehicle assisted communication network (<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>UAVCN), where a UAV transmits messages to several ground multicast groups under the influence of an external jammer. Specifically, we study a joint optimization problem involving the optimal UAV position, transmission power allocation and common rate allocation to maximize energy-efficiency (EE) of the UAV, which is non-convex. To tackle this non-convex problem, we propose a two-tier alternating optimization (AO) algorithm. Firstly, we employ the Block Coordinate Descent (BCD) methodology to decompose the original problem into UAV optimal position subproblem and power-rate allocation subproblem. Then, a particle swarm optimization algorithm with adaptive inertial weight (AIWPSO) is introduced to solve the UAV optimal position subproblem. In order to overcome the non-convexity of power-rate allocation subproblem, the successive convex approximation (SCA) and the slack variables method are used to obtain a suboptimal solution of <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>UAVCN. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm outperforms space-division multiple access (SDMA) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in terms of enhancing EE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102563"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Networked radar waveform design for detecting extended target in the presence of jamming","authors":"Weijun Ding ,&nbsp;Weiwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Min Zhang ,&nbsp;Qing Wang ,&nbsp;Guangle Shao ,&nbsp;Jianjiang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the deception and suppression jamming by developing waveform design strategies for the networked radar system. To this end, we assume that the extended target radar cross section (RCS), signal-dependent clutter, false target frequency response, and suppression jamming frequency distribution are known, and then derive the signal-to-jamming-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and mutual information (MI) expressions in regard to extend target in the presence of the two kinds of jamming. Considering the practical application of networked radar with the constraint of transmission power, two optimal waveform design models are formulated to maximize the contaminated SINR and MI respectively. Subsequently, the Lagrange multiplier method is resorted to figure out the optimal waveform design model. Finally, the simulation results are demonstrated to verify the proposed waveform design can effectively improve SINR and MI compared with some other signals when the two kinds of jamming exist.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy-efficient joint power control and channel allocation for D2D communication underlaying cellular network","authors":"Langlue Wei,&nbsp;Zheng Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Device-to-device (D2D) communication technology can significantly improve the efficiency of wireless spectrum resources and expand the communication system’s capacity. In order to enhance the energy efficiency (EE) of D2D communication, a two-stage cross-layer optimization approach in which joint power control and channel allocation is proposed. In this work, the optimization objective is to maximize the total EE of D2D users (DUEs) to enable green D2D communications in cellular networks. The proposed resource allocation problems are NP-hard, which is typically difficult to solve directly. We decouple the EE optimization problem of joint power control and channel allocation into two sub-problems: Power Control and Channel Allocation. First, the Improved Grey Wolf Optimization (IGWO) algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal transmission power of DUEs and Cellular users (CUEs) in the first phase. Then, the Hungarian Algorithm (HA) is utilized to accomplish optimal channel match for DUEs and CUEs in the second phase. Compared to other alternative algorithms, the simulation results show that the suggested scheme effectively improves the system’s EE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102552"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142723627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cooperative terahertz quantum key distribution: Secret key rate analysis and optimization","authors":"Parth Toshniwal ,&nbsp;Justin Jose ,&nbsp;Sumit Gautam ,&nbsp;Vimal Bhatia ,&nbsp;Ondrej Krejcar","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the recent years, there has been a growing interest in quantum key distribution (QKD) as a promising alternative to conventional cryptographic methods. QKD offers potential for ensuring absolute security in communication networks, leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics. This study diverges from previous research by investigating a cooperative continuous variable QKD (CVQKD) system operating at terahertz (THz) frequencies with multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology, wherein the source and destination are assisted by a trusted decode-and-forward (DF) relay. Our focus lies on evaluating the secret key rate (SKR) of this system under direct reconciliation conditions and subsequently optimizing power and relay location to maximize the SKR. We address the practical concern of potential eavesdropping between the relay and the destination. Specifically, our analysis centers on the SKR performance of the coherent state-based CVQKD protocol under direct reconciliation conditions. Through numerical simulations, we demonstrate the significant enhancement in SKR achievable through optimization in the cooperative QKD system, yielding several noteworthy insights.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective optimization for active IRS-aided multi-group multicast systems with energy harvesting, integrated sensing and communication","authors":"Ha Hoang Kha,&nbsp;Pham Van Quyet","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we utilize an active intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) to assist wireless systems with multiple functionalities, including multi-group (MG) multicast (MC) transmission, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) and wireless energy harvesting. Specifically, a multi-antenna base station (BS) simultaneously transmits communication signals to MG MC users and sensing signals towards targets, while other users can harvest energy from the received radio frequency signals. We formulate the joint design of the BS transmit precoders (TPs) and the IRS reflection coefficients (RCs) as multi-objective optimization problems (MOOPs) in which the objective functions of the sum rate maximization (SRM) and sum harvested energy maximization (SHEM) are considered under the constraints of transmit power at the BS, amplitude and power amplifications at the active IRS, minimum achievable rate of communication users (CUs), minimum harvested energy of energy harvesting users (EHUs), and beamforming pattern similarity for sensing. To tackle the nonconvexity characteristics of the formulated design problems, we leverage alternating optimization (AO) frameworks to decompose the original problems into subproblems. In the subproblems, we seek appropriate surrogate functions by following majorization–minimization (MaMi) techniques to convert the subproblems into convex ones. Then, iterative algorithms are developed to obtain the optimal BS TPs and IRS RCs. The numerical simulations are carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. The numerical results also reveal useful insights in the tradeoffs between the performance metrics and demonstrate the superior performance of systems with an active IRS in comparison with those without an IRS or with a passive IRS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 102549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance analysis of IRS-assist dual-hop wireless communication system","authors":"Moumita Jana ,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The IRS-assist or smart radio environment technique is a widely developing technology that network providers can use to establish sustained connectivity between end-user terminals and central data units for the next-generation wireless standards. This article introduced a simple and more accurate link-switching technique for dual-hop communication: a single link-switching threshold (SLST) algorithm to provide an uninterrupted linkage between the transceiver terminals. Depending on the severity of the communicating channel under a dual-hop system, links can do auto switches between themselves and furnish continuous connectivity between end-user terminals. Due to a discrete number of phase shifts of the IRS elements, phase and quantization errors are induced in the channel; the proposed system can also optimize the phase and quantization errors. Besides, this work investigates improving the physical layer performance of the dual-hop wireless communication system under the combined effect of phase shift and quantization error with the introduction of the SLST method. For this particular, three performance metrics have been encountered: the outage probability (OP), average bit error rate (ABER), and average capacity (bits/s/Hz). A new, more accurate mathematical framework using the Meijer’G function has been constructed to evaluate worthwhile analytical derivation. Under analytical calculation, we have assumed the primary link experienced with common Rayleigh fading and the IRS-assist link (IAL) experienced with Nakagami-m distribution due to a large number of reflecting elements in the system. The proposed dual-hop system furnishes noteworthy benefits for each performance metric rather than individual links. Moreover, the suitable selection of quantization level and a number of reflecting elements confirm the exhibition of satisfactory outcomes and minimize the channel hardness of the system. Additionally, numerical simulation results from MATLAB, using Monte Carlo simulation, have been added to validate the analytical outcomes for every performance measure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A machine learning-based physical layer authentication with phase impairments","authors":"Zahra Ezzati Khatab ,&nbsp;Abbas Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Vahid Pourahmadi ,&nbsp;Ali Kuhestani","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we propose a machine learning (ML) based physical layer authentication (PLA) using the physical features of I/Q imbalance, phase noise and carrier frequency offset (CFO) impairments. By examining the phase information in the presence of these impairments, the proposed PLA method is implemented. The system model includes one legal single-antenna transmitter using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation, one legal multiple-antennas receiver and one external attacker. The comprehensive studies are conducted for three cases phase noise and CFO utilization, I/Q imbalance utilization, and all three impairments utilization. Our simulations show that the PLA accuracy for the mentioned these cases is more than 98% for single antenna at the receiver. The accuracy can be even improved by using more received antennas. Our results highlight that the PLA accuracy is also affected by the number of OFDM subcarriers and the received signal-to-noise-ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142723626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BRAG: Blind region-agnostic geolocation of LTE mobile users in urban areas","authors":"Mai Kafafy,&nbsp;Mohamed Khairy","doi":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phycom.2024.102544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geolocation is the backbone of many novel location-intelligent applications. Additionally, geodata analysis helps model and predict spatiotemporal fluctuations in data traffic, which is important for network optimization, operation cost reduction, and power saving. Furthermore, geodata analysis can be utilized in fields such as transportation, urban planning, tourism, marketing, epidemiology, national statistics, and censuses. Cellular geolocation is advantageous when Global Positioning System (GPS) readings are not available, especially since it does not require altering the network infrastructure or installing expensive equipment. However, cellular geolocation is challenged by the high randomness and dynamics of the environment. In this paper, we propose a blind region-agnostic algorithm to geolocate Long-Term Evolution (LTE) mobile users in urban areas. The algorithm uses timing and signal strength readings, which are readily available at the serving evolved Node B (eNB), to calculate initial estimated positions. Following that, the algorithm uses correlations between the initial estimates along the user’s path to improve its geolocation accuracy. The proposed method does not require training or prior data collection, making it easy to implement in different regions. We tested the method on real data from drive tests in different cities, and the method achieved a mean error of 132 meters and a median error of 91 meters, compared to a mean error of 203 meters and a median error of 125 meters achieved by basic time-advance-based geolocation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48707,"journal":{"name":"Physical Communication","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 102544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}