Physical Review E最新文献

{"title":"Herd behavior in public goods games.","authors":"María Pereda","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.110.044106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.044106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The problem of free-riding arises when individuals benefit from a shared resource, service, or public good without contributing proportionately to its provision. This conduct often leads to a collective action problem, as individuals pursue personal gains while relying on the contributions of others. In this study, we present a Bayesian inference model to elucidate the behavior of participants in a public goods game, a conceptual framework that captures the essence of the free-riding problem. Here, individuals possess information on the distribution of group donations to the public good. Our model is grounded in the premise that individuals strive to harmonise their actions with the group's donation patterns. Our model is able to replicate behavioral patterns that resemble those observed in experiments with midsized groups (100 people), but fails to replicate those for larger scales (1000 people). Our results suggest that, in these scenarios, humans prefer imitation and convergence behaviors over profit optimization. These insights contribute to understanding how cooperation is achieved through alignment with group behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"110 4-1","pages":"044106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of a Rayleigh-Taylor model to direct-drive laser fusion.","authors":"C A Thomas, M J Rosenberg, W Theobald, J P Knauer, C Stoeckl, S P Regan, T J B Collins, V N Goncharov, R Betti, D Froula, C Deeney, K S Anderson, K A Bauer, M J Bonino, D Cao, R S Craxton, D H Edgell, R Epstein, S Fess, C J Forrest, V Yu Glebov, V Gopalaswamy, D R Harding, I V Igumenshchev, S T Ivancic, D W Jacobs-Perkins, R T Janezic, T Joshi, M Koch, J Kwiatkowski, A Lees, F J Marshall, M Michalko, S F B Morse, D Patel, J L Peebles, P B Radha, H G Rinderknecht, S Sampat, T C Sangster, R C Shah, W T Shmayda, D Turnbull, C A Williams, E M Campbell, A R Christopherson, M Tabak, N B Alexander, M P Farrell, C Shuldberg","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.110.045203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.045203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a simple physics-based model for the interpretation of key metrics in laser direct drive. The only input parameters required are target scale, in-flight aspect ratio, and beam-to-target radius, and the importance of each has been quantified with a tailored set of cryogenic implosion experiments. These analyses lead to compact and accurate predictions of the fusion yield and areal density as a function of hydrodynamic stability, and they suggest new ways to take advantage of direct drive. To provide examples, we discuss how the inferred mix width behaves relative to theory and then show how it could be exploited to perform a direct drive implosion with a Lawson metric or χ_{noα} of 0.24±0.02-using a novel parameter space at high velocities and beam radii on the OMEGA laser-that projects to ignition at a laser energy of ≤2.0 MJ.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"110 4-2","pages":"045203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypergraph animals.","authors":"Michael P H Stumpf","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.110.044125","DOIUrl":"10.1103/PhysRevE.110.044125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here we introduce simple structures for the analysis of complex hypergraphs, hypergraph animals. These structures are designed to describe the local node neighborhoods of nodes in hypergraphs. We establish their relationships to lattice animals and network motifs, and we develop their combinatorial properties for sparse and uncorrelated hypergraphs. We make use of the tight link of hypergraph animals to partition numbers, which opens up a vast mathematical framework for the analysis of hypergraph animals. We then study their abundances in random hypergraphs. Two transferable insights result from this analysis: (i) it establishes the importance of high-cardinality edges in ensembles of random hypergraphs that are inspired by the classical Erdös-Renyí random graphs; and (ii) there is a close connection between degree and hyperedge cardinality in random hypergraphs that shapes animal abundances and spectra profoundly. Both findings imply that hypergraph animals can have the potential to affect information flow and processing in complex systems. Our analysis also suggests that we need to spend more effort on investigating and developing suitable conditional ensembles of random hypergraphs that can capture real-world structures and their complex dependency structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"110 4-1","pages":"044125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy-based theory of autoresonance in chains of coupled damped-driven generic oscillators.","authors":"Ricardo Chacón, Faustino Palmero, Pedro J Martínez, Somnath Roy","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.110.044203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.044203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An energy-based theory of autoresonance in driven dissipative chains of coupled generic oscillators is discussed on the basis of a variational principle concerning the energy functional. The theory is applied to chains of delayed Duffing-Ueda oscillators and the equations that together govern the autoresonance forces and solutions are derived and solved analytically for generic values of parameters and initial conditions, including the case of quenched time-delay disorder. Remarkably, the presence of retarded potentials with time-delayed feedback drastically modify the autoresonance scenario preventing the growth of the energy oscillation over specific regions of the parameter space. Additionally, effective harmonic forces with a slowly varying frequency are derived from the exact autoresonant excitations and the effectiveness of the theory is demonstrated at suppressing the chaos induced by homogeneous periodic excitations in such oscillator chains. Numerical experiments confirmed all the theoretical predictions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"110 4-1","pages":"044203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level-set lattice Boltzmann method for interface-resolved simulations of immiscible two-phase flow.","authors":"Shaotong Fu, Zikang Hao, Weite Su, Huahai Zhang, Limin Wang","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.110.045309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.045309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A lattice Boltzmann (LB) scheme for a level-set equation is proposed to capture interface and is coupled with the LB model for incompressible fluid to simulate immiscible two-phase flows. The reinitialization of a level-set field is achieved directly by adding a source term to LB equation, which avoids solving an additional partial differential equation as required in traditional level-set methods. Compared to the classical phase-field lattice Boltzmann method, the proposed approach demonstrates significantly reduced errors in solving interface motion and deformation. Furthermore, GPU parallel computation is implemented for the level-set lattice Boltzmann method (LS-LBM) to enhance computational efficiency. To validate the LS-LBM, it is employed to simulate four benchmark problems: static droplet, layered Poiseuille flow, rising bubble, and Rayleigh-Taylor instability. Numerical results show that LS-LBM exhibits good stability, accuracy and high efficiency, demonstrating its feasibility for accurate simulations of immiscible two-phase flows, even with large density ratios or high Reynolds numbers.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"110 4-2","pages":"045309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonperturbative theory of the low-to-high confinement transition through stochastic simulations and information geometry: Correlation and causal analyses.","authors":"Eun-Jin Kim, Abhiram Anand Thiruthummal","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.110.045209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.045209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The low-to-high confinement (L-H) transition signifies one of the important plasma bifurcations occurring in magnetic confinement plasmas, with vital implications for exploring high-performance regimes in future fusion reactors. In particular, the accurate turbulence statistical description of self-regulation and causal relation among turbulence and shear flows is essential for accessing enhanced plasma performance and advanced operation scenarios. To address this, we provide a nonperturbative theory of the L-H transition by stochastic simulations of a reduced L-H transition model and detailed statistical analysis. By calculating time-dependent probability density functions (PDFs) of turbulence, zonal flows, and the mean pressure gradient, we elucidate how statistical properties change over time with the help of the information geometry theory (information rate, causal information rate), highlighting its utility in capturing self-regulation and causal relation among turbulence, zonal flow shears, and the mean flow shears. Furthermore, stochastic noises in turbulence, zonal flows, and/or input power are shown to induce uncertainty in the power threshold Q_{c} above which the L-H transition occurs while leading to a rather gradual L-H transition. A time-dependent PDF of power loss over the L-H transition is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"110 4-2","pages":"045209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inertia onset in disordered porous media flow.","authors":"Damian Śnieżek, Sahrish B Naqvi, Maciej Matyka","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.110.045103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.045103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigate the onset of the inertial regime in the fluid flow at the pore level in three-dimensional, disordered, highly porous media. We analyze the flow structure in a wide range of Reynolds numbers starting from 0.01 up to 100. We focus on qualitative and quantitative changes that appear with increasing Reynolds number. To do that, we investigate the weakening of the channeling effect, defined as the existence of preferred flow paths in a system. We compute tortuosity, spatial kinetic energy localization, and the pore-space volume fraction containing negative streamwise velocity to assess accompanying changes quantitatively. Our results of tortuosity and participation number derivatives show that the onset of inertia is apparent for Reynolds number Re∼0.1, an order of magnitude lower than indicated by analyzing relations of friction factor with the Reynolds number. Moreover, we show that the vortex structures appear at Reynolds number two orders of magnitude higher than the onset of inertia.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"110 4-2","pages":"045103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sideband growth rates for differentiable and discontinuous distribution functions.","authors":"Mikael Tacu, Didier Bénisti","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.110.045205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.045205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article addresses the stability of a nonlinear electron plasma wave (EPW) against the growth of longitudinal sidebands. The electron distribution function consistent with the EPW is assumed to only depend on the dynamical action. Consequently, the EPW is either stationary (a so-called Berstein-Greene-Kruskal mode) or varies very slowly in space and time (a so-called adiabatic wave). The sideband growth rates and the unstable spectrum are calculated theoretically by accounting for the exact nonlinear electron orbits in the EPW. Our theoretical results are compared against those from previous theories, and also against those from Vlasov simulations when the distribution function is differentiable. The latter comparisons show that our theory may also apply when the electron distribution function depends on, both the action and the angle. Moreover, our theory allows for discontinuous distributions, which are consistent with important classes of EPWs, e.g., those resulting from stimulated Raman scattering. Addressing such distributions using kinetic codes remains a challenge. Nevertheless, using our theoretical results, in this article we discuss the impact of discontinuities on the unstable spectrum in the linear regime, and on the range of validity of the linear approximation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"110 4-2","pages":"045205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity-analysis-guided Bayesian parameter estimation for neural mass models: Applications in epilepsy.","authors":"Narayan Puthanmadam Subramaniyam, Jari Hyttinen","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.110.044208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.044208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well established that neural mass models (NMMs) can effectively simulate the mesoscopic and macroscopic dynamics of electroencephalography (EEG), including epileptic EEG. However, the use of NMMs to gain insight on the neuronal system by parameter estimation is hampered by their high dimensionality and the lack of knowledge on what NMM parameters can be reliably estimated. In this article, we analyze the parameter sensitivity of the Jansen and Rit NMM (JR NMM) in order to identify the most sensitive JR-NMM parameters for reliable parameter estimation from EEG data. We then propose a Bayesian approach for estimating the JR-NMM states and parameters based on an expectation-maximization algorithm combined with the unscented Kalman smoother (UKS EM). Global sensitivity analysis methods including the Morris method and the Sobol method are used to perform sensitivity analysis. Results from both the Morris and the Sobol method show that the average inhibitory synaptic gain, B, and the reciprocal of the time constant of the average inhibitory postsynaptic potentials, b, have a significant impact on the JR-NMM output along with having the least interaction with other model parameters. The UKS-EM method for estimating the parameters B and b is validated using simulations under varying levels of measurement noise. Finally we apply the UKS-EM algorithm to intracranial EEG data from 16 epileptic patients. Our results, both at individual and group level show that the parameters B and b change significantly between the preseizure and seizure period, and between the seizure and postseizure period, with the transition to seizure characterized by a decrease in the average B, and the high frequency activity in seizure characterized by an increase in b. These results establish a sensitivity analysis guided Bayesian parameter estimation as a powerful tool for reducing the parameter space of high-dimensional NMMs enabling reliable and efficient estimation of the most sensitive NMM parameters, with the potential for online and fast tracking of NMM parameters in applications such as seizure tracking and control.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"110 4-1","pages":"044208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential effects on effective attraction between probes diffusing in colloidal crystal.","authors":"Luhui Ning, Xiaoting Yu, Xue Zhang, Wei Liu, Ke Chen, Ning Zheng, Mingcheng Yang, Peng Liu","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.110.044607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.044607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Considering the significant influence of interparticle potentials on traditional depletion forces, we here employ computer simulations to investigate how varying potentials between particles affect the effective interaction of probes diffusing freely in a 2D colloidal crystal. Our results reveal that attractive potentials between the background particles and probes significantly modify the interprobe effective interactions, whereas long-range repulsive tails among the background particles have minimal impact. Furthermore, we observe contrary temperature dependencies of the effective force for soft and stiff repulsions between the background particles. These findings provide deeper insights into how direct interparticle potentials shape entropic-dominated effective forces mediated by colloidal crystals.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"110 4-1","pages":"044607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}