{"title":"Anatomy for Prostatic Artery Embolization.","authors":"Mihir Khunte, Fabian Max Laage Gaupp","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1804908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1804908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is a minimally invasive treatment for patients with moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms and/or urinary retention due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as well as hematuria secondary to prostatic bleeding. PAE achieves its therapeutic effect by inducing ischemic necrosis and reducing prostatic volume, while also decreasing neuromuscular tone. This dual mechanism addresses both the static and dynamic components of bladder outflow obstruction associated with BPH. PAE is technically challenging and necessitates in-depth knowledge of the complex and variable anatomy of the pelvic vasculature. Successful outcomes depend on precise identification of the prostatic artery and recognition of anastomoses to surrounding structures to minimize the risk of nontarget embolization and associated complications. This article reviews the prostatic arterial anatomy and explores the role of advanced imaging techniques for preprocedural planning and intraprocedural guidance to optimize procedural safety and efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48689,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Interventional Radiology","volume":"42 2","pages":"213-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Percutaneous Radiologic Gastrostomy Placement in Challenging Clinical Scenarios.","authors":"Ian Ikeda, Robert Kleven, Joshua Cornman-Homonoff","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1805046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1805046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy is indicated for patients who require enteral access for nutritional support, medication administration, and/or decompression. Some patients have comorbidities that increase procedural risk and may require deviation from the conventional approach, such as upper gastrointestinal tract obstruction, ascites, and postsurgical anatomy. In such cases, technical modifications and/or changes to the standard approach may be needed. This review describes several specific scenarios that require special consideration, focusing on clinical management options, risk mitigation techniques, and supportive evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":48689,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Interventional Radiology","volume":"42 1","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Percutaneous Radiologic Gastrostomy Tube Placement Techniques.","authors":"Robert Kleven, Ian Ikeda, Joshua Cornman-Homonoff","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1806797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1806797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrostomy tubes are a common procedure for interventional radiologists. Several techniques are available to obtain gastric access radiologically, including the antegrade, retrograde, and balloon-assisted techniques. The choice of technique can depend on the patient's clinical presentation and the available services at each institution. Indications, preprocedural workup, technique, and postprocedural care help guide the choice of approach. Three common methods will be reviewed in this article: antegrade, retrograde, and balloon assisted. The antegrade technique is comparable to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement with a decreased incidence of tube dislodgement compared to the retrograde technique, but it requires reliable oral and esophageal access. The retrograde technique reduces the risk of postprocedural infection, has shorter procedure times, and reduces radiation exposure. The balloon-assisted technique reduces procedure time even more than the antegrade or retrograde technique, with comparable outcomes. Understanding the most common techniques available and how they compare is essential to providing patient-centered care.</p>","PeriodicalId":48689,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Interventional Radiology","volume":"42 1","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pelvic Trauma: Anatomy and Interventions.","authors":"Jacob F Leslie, John B Smirniotopoulos","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1804909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1804909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trauma, particularly pelvic trauma, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, with hemorrhage being the primary cause of death in these trauma patients. In particular, pelvic fractures often result in substantial vascular injuries, requiring rapid diagnosis, and intervention to prevent fatal outcomes. Multiphase computed tomography angiography (CTA) has emerged as the gold standard for assessing pelvic trauma, facilitating early identification of vascular injuries and active hemorrhage. Interventional radiology (IR) plays a key role in managing these injuries through angiography and embolization, effectively stabilizing hemodynamics and preventing long-term complications such as necrosis or claudication. The complex vascular anatomy of the pelvis, including variants like the corona mortis and aberrant obturator arteries, necessitates careful planning during angiography. Techniques such as nonselective embolization, selective embolization with temporary embolic, and coil embolization are critical in achieving hemostasis. While effective, these procedures carry risks, including rebleeding and complications such as neuropathy and gluteal necrosis. Early activation of the angiography suite and multiphase CTA are essential to improving patient outcomes. This review outlines the anatomy, evaluation, and management strategies for pelvic trauma, emphasizing the importance of rapid intervention and the integral role of IR in controlling hemorrhage and ensuring patient survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":48689,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Interventional Radiology","volume":"42 2","pages":"139-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daryl Goldman, Brandon D Philbrick, Amol Mehta, Alex Devarajan, Brian Giovanni, Michael Travis Caton
{"title":"Critical Procedural Anatomy of High-Risk External Carotid Artery-Internal Carotid Artery Anastomoses.","authors":"Daryl Goldman, Brandon D Philbrick, Amol Mehta, Alex Devarajan, Brian Giovanni, Michael Travis Caton","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1806854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1806854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transarterial embolization of external carotid artery (ECA) branches is increasingly performed for the management of epistaxis, preoperative embolization of head and neck tumors, treatment of dural arteriovenous fistulas, and, more recently, for the treatment of chronic subdural hematoma. As new indications for ECA embolization in the management of conditions like chronic subdural hematoma continue to be identified, it is imperative that interventionalists understand the presence of intricate anastomoses between the extracranial and intracranial arterial systems, which confer significant procedural risks. Failure to account for these connections can result in devastating complications such as stroke, blindness, or cranial nerve injury due to nontarget embolization. This review examines the key anatomical territories of ECA-internal carotid artery anastomoses: the orbital region, petrous-cavernous region, and upper cervical region. These areas, often involving embryological remnants or collateral channels that enlarge in response to pathology, represent potential conduits for inadvertent embolization. We discuss the importance of preprocedural angiography to document anastomosis locations, embolic material selection, special considerations in the context of pathology, and techniques to mitigate risks. Specific considerations for each anatomical region are discussed, with a focus on critical anastomoses, embolization risks, and prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48689,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Interventional Radiology","volume":"42 2","pages":"190-195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sonia J Giyanani, Marianne E Bonanno, Derek Tang, Robert C Ward
{"title":"Imaging in Interventional Radiology: Breast Cryoablation.","authors":"Sonia J Giyanani, Marianne E Bonanno, Derek Tang, Robert C Ward","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1806738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1806738","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48689,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Interventional Radiology","volume":"42 1","pages":"101-113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nontargeted Liver Biopsy in Children.","authors":"Colin Brown, Jonathan Du, Erika Yee, Lisa Kang","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1806737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1806737","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48689,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Interventional Radiology","volume":"42 2","pages":"244-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multidisciplinary Management of Aortic Emergencies: Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.","authors":"Momodou L Jammeh, Michael Rabaza, Parag J Patel","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1804998","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1804998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm are a critical vascular emergency. A coordinated, multidisciplinary management pathway can aid in timely diagnosis, triage, and coordination of best care. We present our institutional care algorithm for rAAA with an accompanying case example.</p>","PeriodicalId":48689,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Interventional Radiology","volume":"41 6","pages":"531-535"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11970961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua Cornman-Homonoff, Rishi Razdan, Juan Carlos Perez Lozada
{"title":"Anatomy of Endovascular Arteriovenous Fistula Creation.","authors":"Joshua Cornman-Homonoff, Rishi Razdan, Juan Carlos Perez Lozada","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1805040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1805040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endovascular creation of arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis access represents a promising alternative to surgical dialysis access provision. However, because the two available devices rely on the adequacy of the native vascular configuration, not all patients are candidates. Thus, a precise grasp of upper extremity vascular anatomy and the ability to apply that knowledge clinically are required. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of endovascular arteriovenous creation, focusing on anatomic considerations, procedural steps, and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48689,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Interventional Radiology","volume":"42 2","pages":"176-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Hufnagle, Adam Fish, Athena Masi, Jessica Lee
{"title":"Percutaneous Transesophageal Gastrostomy.","authors":"John Hufnagle, Adam Fish, Athena Masi, Jessica Lee","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1801334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1801334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrostomy tube placement is a well-established technique for providing long-term feeding or decompression to patients with dysphagia or the need for gastric venting. However, direct transabdominal access to the stomach is not feasible in some patients, such as those without a safe percutaneous route to the stomach, with conditions that may inhibit tract healing, and/or at high risk of peritonitis. For these patients, percutaneous transesophageal gastrostomy (PTEG) is a safe and effective technique for providing gastric access for enteral feeding or decompression. PTEG placement involves ultrasound-guided percutaneous access to the cervical esophagus using a fluid-filled balloon as a target. Since the peritoneum is not breached during PTEG placement, the risks of peritoneal spillage of enteric contents and intra-abdominal hemorrhage are avoided. However, placement requires a safe esophagostomy window and has contraindications and complications distinct from direct transabdominal access. Here, we describe the approach to patient workup and PTEG placement, present a few special situations that can be encountered, and discuss existing data regarding patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48689,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Interventional Radiology","volume":"42 1","pages":"31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}