Health Policy and Technology最新文献

{"title":"A nationwide digital maturity assessment of hospitals – Results from the German DigitalRadar","authors":"Alexander Geissler ,&nbsp;Johannes Hollenbach ,&nbsp;Malte Haring ,&nbsp;Volker Eric Amelung ,&nbsp;Sylvia Thun ,&nbsp;Alexander Haering","doi":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>In 2019, the German government established the Hospital Future Fund, allocating 4.3 billion Euros, to support investments in the digital infrastructure of hospitals. The DigitalRadar consortium was commissioned by the German Ministry of Health in 2020 to develop a holistic digital maturity model and evaluate the current state of digitalization and the impact of the funding program. To date, the nationwide digitalization of German hospitals has remained a relatively understudied phenomenon. This study aims to address this gap in knowledge by examining the influence of various factors identified by the DigitalRadar maturity model on the digital maturity of hospitals in Germany. In doing so, it seeks to elucidate the implications these findings have for the development of a digital, patient-centred, safe, and high-quality hospital landscape in the country.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The model was developed through a scoping review of digital maturity models, requirements set forth in the Hospital Future Act, analysis of components from existing models and feedback from a sounding board. Ultimately, the model includes 234 questions (items) categorized into 7 dimensions of digitalization. It was piloted in 12 hospitals and revised accordingly. 1,624 hospitals (91% of all German hospitals) participated in this self-assessment, as participation was mandatory to receive funding.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The average DigitalRadar score on a 100-point scale is 33. Maturity is comparatively high in the structures and systems dimension, but low in the clinical processes, exchange of information, telemedicine and patient participation dimensions, suggesting that data exchange is hampered by a lack of interoperability. Drivers of digital maturity are teaching status, size, connectivity, and level of emergency services.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The transparency gained allows hospitals and regulators to identify areas for improvement and develop digital strategies. Additionally, it enables researchers to analyse, for example, the correlation between digitalization and the quality of care, as well as the mechanisms of action of large-scale funding programs for hospital digitization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48672,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy and Technology","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100904"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211883724000674/pdfft?md5=8f3107bdd67f501a9aac8e885cff1222&pid=1-s2.0-S2211883724000674-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiology outpatients’ awareness of their out-of-pocket estimates and hospital price estimator tools in the United States","authors":"Jasmine Kaur Dhillon ,&nbsp;Desiree Anderson ,&nbsp;Thuan Gia-Nhat Tran ,&nbsp;Arham Aijaz ,&nbsp;Ruth C. Carlos ,&nbsp;Gelareh Sadigh","doi":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Price transparency mandates by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) were implemented in 2021 for hospitals and 2023 for health plans. We assessed U.S. patients’ awareness of their estimated out-of-pocket cost (OOPC) and hospital price-estimator tool among outpatients undergoing advanced imaging.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>English-, Spanish-, and Vietnamese-speaking adults receiving a CT, PET/CT, or MRI at a tertiary academic center between 11/2022 and 03/2023 completed a 15-minute survey. We assessed awareness of OOPC estimates prior to imaging and the hospital price-estimator tool, and factors associated with such awareness using multivariable regression analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>423 patients were included (mean age: 57.1 ± 15.6; 57.4 % female; 55 % White; 21.8 % Hispanic; 18.9 % Asian). Only 10.7 % and 16.8 % were aware of their OOPC before receipt of imaging and center'shospital price-estimator tool, respectively. No patient used the hospital price estimator tool to obtain their OOPC estimate. Annual household income of $50,000 or more (OR: 30.25, 95 % CI: 1.78, 513.79), and having at least one comorbidity (OR: 4.59, 95 % CI: 1.42, 14.79) were associated with a higher probability of knowing OOPC prior to imaging. Patients who experienced financial hardship were less likely to be aware of their OOPC (OR: 0.29, CI: 0.10, 0.86). No significant factors were associated with awareness of hospital price estimator tool in full regression model.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study highlights limited OOPC and price estimator tool awareness, two years post-CMS mandate, with specific demographics more likely to know their OOPC. Our findings emphasize the urgency for targeted interventions to increase price awareness and enhance healthcare decision-making.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48672,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy and Technology","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100902"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211883724000650/pdfft?md5=cc003f5c8f539e20b29f3eba4ac3774d&pid=1-s2.0-S2211883724000650-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142044730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital national waiting time information system - View of Finnish public oral healthcare managers","authors":"Riitta Söderlund","doi":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The study evaluated the digital national waiting time information system from the point of view of oral healthcare managers in Finland in 2021. The information system (IS) was implemented in 2014, primarily to monitor waiting times in public healthcare. The system reported the information on realised waiting times on the Internet.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We gathered the data using a cross-sectional survey. Evaluating the system was based on a modified IS success model with the dimensions of information quality, system quality, individual impact and organisational impact. We used convenience sampling when including in the study managers working in public primary oral healthcare in the spring of 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The managers (n = 97) perceived it as easy to access the waiting time information on one website, but they evaluated the information as low quality. The information on realised waiting times supported them in the management of current waiting times to a minor degree. The managers associated the information inaccuracy in the national system with dental nurses’ poor data entry in electronic patient ISs in oral healthcare organisations. The inaccuracy meant that waiting time monitoring data was not valid.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our modified IS success model was sufficient to ascertain that poor information quality likely influenced the effectiveness of managers in information-driven waiting time management. Information must be relevant and accurate to promote the success of ISs. Further research is required to explore how to improve the design of national ISs from the point of view of different stakeholders in healthcare.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48672,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy and Technology","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100900"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211883724000637/pdfft?md5=26b3e1ce5de183cf2bdc9ec92b965b79&pid=1-s2.0-S2211883724000637-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142041210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adoption of contact tracing app during pandemic: Users’ resistance behavior","authors":"Yogesh Bhatt, Karminder Ghuman, Safiya Mukhtar Alshibani, Usama Awan","doi":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100901","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates the key issues influencing different barriers resulting in user resistance toward adopting contact tracing smartphone apps launched to track COVID-19 infections. Indian users’ experiences regarding the Aarogya Setu app for preventing the spread of COVID-19 were examined in two phases. In Phase I, online users’ comments available at the Google Play Store were qualitatively analyzed using open and axial coding. These codes were then used to create an implication matrix and hierarchical value maps to illustrate and interpret the relationships between issues, barriers, and user behavior. In Phase II, a supplementary empirical study, data was collected from users and non-users of the app through semi-structured telephone interviews and then qualitatively analyzed. By drawing on innovation resistance theory, the current study mapped a set of adoption barriers with three types of user resistance, i.e., postponement, opposition, and rejection. Rejection emerged as the most prominent consumer resistance behavior; usage barriers, functional risk, and value barriers related to the app's usage were the key drivers of this behavior. Postponement was the second most observed consumer resistance behavior. If usage barriers, functional risk, and value barriers of the app resulted in functional barriers toward adoption of the app, then image barrier was the key reason behind the psychological barrier. Administrators and developers of future interventions need to be conscious of usage barriers, functional risks, and value barriers related to the app's usage through stakeholder engagement to secure broader and faster adoption of such apps to improve health information systems.","PeriodicalId":48672,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy and Technology","volume":"31 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A decade of HTA in Indonesia: Methodological challenges in conducting economic evaluation","authors":"Septiara Putri ,&nbsp;Lusiana Siti Masytoh","doi":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100894","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48672,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy and Technology","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100894"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The beauty premium: Physicians’ facial expressions and patients’ selection and evaluation behavior in online health communities","authors":"Yanbin Yang,&nbsp;Chengyu Ma,&nbsp;Haopeng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>With the development of information technology, online health communities (OHCs) are becoming an increasingly popular source of health information.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>While the impact of beauty has been extensively studied in various research fields, its role in OHCs has received little attention. This study aims to evaluate the effect of physicians’ appearance, smile, and positive emotions on patients’ selection and evaluation behavior in OHCs. Additionally, it explores the difference in the beauty premium among different types of physicians.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Over 13,000 images of physicians and their relevant information were collected from the Good Doctor website, which is now China's leading OHC. We identified facial features in physicians’ photos based on deep learning and used Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression models to estimate the relationship between physicians’ facial expressions and patients’ behavior. We used PSM to address endogeneity issues and test the robustness of the results.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study found that physicians’ appearance and smile positively impact patients’ selection and evaluation behavior, the results indicated that the beauty premium does exist in OHCs. In addition, heterogeneity analysis showed that the beauty of high titles, longer service duration of physicians has a greater influence on patients’ selection and evaluation behavior.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The beauty premium exists in OHCs. Therefore, this study provides new evidence on the impact of physicians’ facial attractiveness in OHCs and provides useful insights for patients, physicians, and platforms about the relationship between physician's structured or unstructured information and patients’ decision-making behaviors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48672,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy and Technology","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100895"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142041209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guide for the efficient and safe delivery of Telepharmacy","authors":"R. Collado-Borell ,&nbsp;M. Gomis-Pastor ,&nbsp;MA. Rodríguez-Cabezas ,&nbsp;A. Parro-Martín ,&nbsp;A. Linares-Alarcón ,&nbsp;E. Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;E. Colominas-González ,&nbsp;A. Fernández-Polo ,&nbsp;M. Domínguez-Cantero ,&nbsp;A. Arrondo-Velasco ,&nbsp;R. Morillo-Verdugo","doi":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aims to develop a guide establishing the requirements for developing and implementing telepharmacy in Hospital Pharmacy Services (HPS). A secondary objective is providing a reference frame to promote and allocate the necessary resources.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The project was developed in 5 phases from May-October 2021: (1) constitution of a working team; (2) literature review; (3) semi-structured interviews using the nominal group technique (with direct communications between experts and face-to-face discussion); (4) development of online workshops to raise awareness and debate each of the aspects considered essential in the document; (5) preparation of the final document and validation by the working group.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>As a result of this methodology, the Guide for the Efficient and Safe Provision of Telepharmacy was obtained. This Guide proposes that pharmacists follow a Strategic Plan to develop a new telepharmacy program in an HPS under quality standards. This Strategic Plan has been structured in 4 organizational phases in which the requirements or resources necessary for its implementation are established: Strategy Phase, Planning Phase, Action Phase, and Phase of monitoring results and continuous improvement.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study provides a practical guide for hospital pharmacists and managers to develop and implement telepharmacy in an HPS with quality guarantees. The Guide provides the pharmacists collective with a reference framework to promote and allocate the necessary resources in an increasingly complex healthcare environment where telepharmacy is an essential strategy for sustainability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48672,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy and Technology","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100899"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141998588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Where have my patients gone?': A simulation study on real-world data processing in Clinical Data Warehouses","authors":"Sonia Priou ,&nbsp;Emmanuelle Kempf ,&nbsp;Rémi Flicoteaux ,&nbsp;Marija Jankovic ,&nbsp;Gilles Chatellier ,&nbsp;Christophe Tournigand ,&nbsp;Christel Daniel ,&nbsp;Guillaume Lamé","doi":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To access Electronic Health Record (EHR) data, hospitals have implemented Clinical Data Warehouses (CDWs) using Extract Transform and Load (ETL) processes. While ETL performances are typically evaluated individually, our study examines the cumulative impact of ETLs on data availability.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using a real multi-hospital CDW as a case study, we modeled EHR data processing from the software sources to the CDW's data store. We simulated a scenario where researchers aimed to reconstruct breast cancer care trajectories using EHR data. We calculated the size and characteristics of the data store population, and compared them to the original population.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>EHR data are recorded in various software depending on data category, hospital, and year, each requiring specific series of ETLs for integration in the CDW. Despite acceptable transfer rates for each ETL (range 73 %-100 %), cumulative losses led to study populations in the data store being up to 90 % smaller than anticipated when researchers required data exhaustivity for patients. Population size decreased steeply with the more data categories required. No difference was found in population characteristics between the data store and the original cohorts.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion &amp; Conclusion</h3><p>Researchers should scrutinize data availability in CDWs as missing data could result from outsourced care, incomplete input, or underperforming ETLs. Integrating more data sources in CDWs increases the number of data routes, necessitating time for ETL implementation and maintenance, and increases data loss risks. Though commonly perceived as a “black box”, data transformation can significantly influence the reliability of populations studied in CDWs.</p></div><div><h3>Public interest Summary</h3><p>To access data generated during care, researchers build Clinical Data Warehouses (CDWs). CDWs are infrastructures composed of a series of processing steps to extract the data from the data source, transform it according to the needs and load it into a data store. Usually, the performances of these processing steps are evaluated one a time. However, each data point goes through a series of processing steps before being made available for research. In this study, we aim to evaluate the impact of the entire data processing pipeline on the availability of data points in a CDW by simulating a study on breast cancer and evaluating the impact on the size and the characteristics of the final cohort. The cumulative losses of the processing steps resulted in a population 90 % smaller than anticipated. The characteristics of the final population showed no difference to those of the original cohort.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48672,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy and Technology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100893"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221188372400056X/pdfft?md5=4a1bb2348615dd6ef9194acef9f805e2&pid=1-s2.0-S221188372400056X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141935866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Senior employment technology: Leveraging opportunities in population ageing","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rapid population ageing, compounded by declines in the younger workforce that could offer timely caregiving assistance, is undermining society's ability to effectively and sufficiently protect people's health and quality of life as they grow old. This paper explores the promise of senior employment technology, a group of technological innovations that have the potential to alleviate or even eliminate the barriers faced by older individuals in the workforce. By doing so, these technologies empower older individuals to proactively safeguard their current and future living standards. This discussion delves into the potential of senior employment technologies in facilitating the continued participation of older individuals in the workforce and highlights the existing barriers preventing the widespread adoption of these technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48672,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy and Technology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100883"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141407294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining change: Exploring expert views about the regulatory challenges in adaptive artificial intelligence for healthcare","authors":"Yves Saint James Aquino ,&nbsp;Wendy A. Rogers ,&nbsp;Susannah Louise Sage Jacobson ,&nbsp;Bernadette Richards ,&nbsp;Nehmat Houssami ,&nbsp;Maame Esi Woode ,&nbsp;Helen Frazer ,&nbsp;Stacy M. Carter","doi":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Continuously learning or adaptive artificial intelligence (AI) applications for screening, diagnostic and other clinical services are yet to be widely deployed. This is partly due to existing device regulation mechanisms that are not fit for purpose regarding the adaptive features of AI. This study aims to identify the challenges in and opportunities for the regulation of adaptive features of AI.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>We performed in-depth qualitative, semi-structured interviews with a diverse group of 72 experts in high-income countries (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, US, and UK) who are involved in the development, acquisition, deployment and regulation of healthcare AI systems.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our findings revealed perceived challenges in the regulation of adaptive features of machine learning (ML) systems. These challenges include the complexity of AI applications as products subject to regulation; lack of accepted definitions of adaptive changes; diverse approaches to defining significant adaptive change; and lack of clarity about regulation of adaptive change. Our findings reflect potentially competing interests among different stakeholders and diversity of approaches from regulatory bodies and legislators in different jurisdictions across the globe. In addition, our findings highlight the complex regulatory implications of adaptive AI that differ from traditional medical products, drugs or devices.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The perceived regulatory challenges raised by adaptive features of AI applications require high-level coordination within a complex regulatory ecosystem that consists of medical device regulators, professional accreditation agencies, professional medical organisations, and healthcare service providers. Regulatory approaches should complement existing safety protocols with new governance mechanisms that specifically take into account the variety of roles and responsibilities that will be required to monitor, evaluate and oversee adaptive changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48672,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy and Technology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100892"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211883724000558/pdfft?md5=e77c781da3bba485a99425116cd1b1d9&pid=1-s2.0-S2211883724000558-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141688975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}