International Journal of Computerized Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Standardized digital models for biomechanical analysis.","authors":"Okkar Kyaw, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Kerstin Rabel, Jörg Lüchtenborg, Kumiko Yoshihara, Reina Ban, Manabu Kanazawa, Masanao Inokoshi","doi":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b7003351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.ijcd.b7003351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Tooth preparation and dental prosthesis design are challenging tasks often performed manually. Existing CAD methods are complex and limited in generating standardized models from anatomically complex structures. This study aimed to develop a user-friendly digital workflow for creating standardized models for in silico and in vitro biomechanical analyses, with relevance to digital and CAD/CAM dentistry.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The maxillary right central and lateral incisors of a typodont model are scanned using a laboratory scanner, and the data are converted into non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) format using CAD software. The NURBS data are modified to achieve digital tooth preparation, and a resin-bonded fixed dental prosthesis is designed with the lateral incisor as a pontic. A second model is created by incorporating a dimple into the existing tooth preparation model. The prepared tooth surface is used to create a cement space and prosthesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final CAD models of the prepared teeth and prostheses were identical except for the dimple. The cumulative root-mean-square (RMS) deviation between the scanned and NURBS data was 0.6 μm for the central incisor and 1.5 μm for the lateral incisor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This semi-automatic NURBS conversion workflow provides a practical digital approach for generating standardized tooth preparation and prosthesis models. Its relevance to digital and CAD/CAM dentistry lies in the precise control of preparation geometry, cement space, and prosthesis design, as well as in the generation of editable models suitable for biomechanical analysis, prototyping, and downstream CAD/CAM workflows.</p>","PeriodicalId":48666,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Computerized Dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoral scanning of endocrown preparation on natural teeth in an in-vitro setting: a segmented trueness analysis.","authors":"Iago Fonseca Silva Mota, Éric Arnold Dos Santos Brito, Murilo Montanari Souza, Leandro Cardoso, Gabriela Ayres, Bruna Neves de Freitas, Camila Tirapelli","doi":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b7003274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.ijcd.b7003274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Compare five technologies of intraoral scanning on the digitization of the the pulpal floor, internal and external axial walls, and margins of natural teeth prepared for endocrown restoration.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>One lower molar was freehand prepared for endocrown restoration with a cavity depth of 5 mm. The preparation was scanned five times (n=5) using Primescan, i600, TRIOS 3, IS 3700, and Eagle IOS. A reference digital cast was obtained using a laboratory scanner. Quantitative analysis of discrepancies (RMS) was performed using Geomagic Control X across segmented areas: pulpal floor, internal and external axial walls and margin of the preparation. RMS values were compared using one-way ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Primescan showed the lowest RMS values at the pulpal 13.38 ±2.23μm (p<0.001). The devices i600, IS 3700 and TRIOS 3 had similar performance (p>0,05). At the internal axial wall, Primescan exhibited the lowest values 10.80 ±0.78μm, with no statistical difference compared to TRIOS 3 (p>0.05). At the external axial wall, Primescan recorded the lowest values 8.52 ±0.30μm, with no statistical difference compared to TRIOS 3 (p>0.05). At the margins Primescan had the lowest value 9.40 ±0.62μm, but statistically equal to TRIOS 3 (p>0.05). Eagle IOS had the highest values in all regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Different IOS technologies perform differently across preparation regions. The pulpal floor, internal axial wall and margin are the most affected. However, all values remained below clinically acceptable thresholds.</p>","PeriodicalId":48666,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Computerized Dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of hydrogen peroxide disinfectant on the flexural strength of different custom impression tray materials fabricated using conventional and digital methods.","authors":"Ayşe Lengerli Efe, Elifnaz Özen Sütüven, Yurdanur Uçar, Nuray Çapa Yıldırım","doi":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b7003304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.ijcd.b7003304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim was to evaluate the effect of hydrogen peroxide disinfectant exposure for 60 minutes -representing the longest exposure time recommended for achieving the widest antimicrobial spectrum- on the flexural strength (FS) of 3D-printed (3DP), light-cured (LC) and self-cured (SC) custom tray materials.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Rectangular prism-shaped specimens (64 × 10 × 3.3 mm) were fabricated from three custom tray materials; 3DP, LC, and SC. Specimens of each material were randomly divided into disinfected (D) and non-disinfected (ND) subgroups (n = 12). Disinfection was performed by the hydrogen peroxide-containing disinfectant for 60 minutes. FS was evaluated by using a three-point bending test on universal testing device. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, post-hoc Dunnett T3 and Tukey's tests (α = .05). Weibull analysis was applied to assess the reliability and variability of FS values.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Disinfectant had no significant effect on the FS of any tray material (P = .369). Significant differences were found on FS values among the tray material types (P < .001), with the 3DP material exhibiting the highest FS (81.6 ± 13.2 MPa) and the LC material the lowest (16.5 ± 7.6 MPa). 3DP material had the highest Weibull moduli, while LC demonstrated the lowest.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hydrogen peroxide disinfection for 60 minutes did not affect the FS of custom impression tray materials. 3DP material demonstrated the highest FS, highlighting its potential as reliable and standardized option for clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":48666,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Computerized Dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Academic Satisfaction Using Haptic Virtual Reality Simulator for Dental Training.","authors":"Henry Jesús Vilcapoma Guerra, Aaron Arteaga López, Akemy Celeste Tapia Martinez, Enzio Foy Valencia","doi":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b6995390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.ijcd.b6995390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Haptic virtual reality simulators are being increasingly adopted in dental education and training programs, which makes it necessary to demonstrate whether this tool provides adequate academic satisfaction among students.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate academic satisfaction using a haptic virtual simulator in dental students.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty-seven students from the Faculty of Stomatology at the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH) completed a pre-experimental questionnaire (to evaluate expectations) and a post-experimental one (to assess perceived performance) after a one-hour training session using a haptic virtual reality simulator. The satisfaction level of each participant was obtained using Kotler's formula, which considers the results of both questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The students agreed with their expectations regarding the pre-assessment of the virtual simulator. After evaluating their perceptions, the educational benefits of using the haptic simulator were evident, but concerns also emerged about perceived technical limitations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is concluded that the Simodont haptic virtual simulator presented a satisfactory level of academic satisfaction among undergraduate and postgraduate students at the UPCH Faculty of Stomatology.</p>","PeriodicalId":48666,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Computerized Dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147786281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Flexural Strength and Surface Hardness of Denture Base Resins Fabricated via Conventional, CAD/CAM, and 3D Printing Techniques.","authors":"Senay Melis Korkmaz, Ceren Küçük","doi":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b6989010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.ijcd.b6989010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study evaluates and compares the mechanical properties flexural strength and surface hardness of denture base resins fabricated using conventional, CAD/CAM, and 3D printing techniques. Additionally, the effects of thermal cycling on these properties were investigated to simulate intraoral conditions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 80 specimens were prepared and divided into four groups based on fabrication methods: conventional heat-polymerized acrylic resin, pre-polymerized CAD/CAM-milled PMMA, and photopolymerized 3D-printed resins using DLP and LCD technologies. Flexural strength was assessed via a three-point bending test, and surface hardness was measured before and after thermal cycling (5000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C). Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test with a significance level of p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CAD/CAM specimens exhibited the highest flexural strength, followed by DLPprinted resins, LCD-printed resins and conventional resins. Thermal cycling significantly reduced flexural strength across all groups, with 3D-printed resins being the most affected. Surface hardness improved in 3D-printed materials post-thermal cycling, while CAD/CAM and conventional resins showed stable values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CAD/CAM-produced denture base resins demonstrated superior mechanical properties, making them the most clinically viable option. While 3D-printed resins show promise in terms of adaptability and surface resilience, enhancements in material formulations and polymerization techniques are necessary to improve their mechanical strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":48666,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Computerized Dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147786314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-assisted semi-automated segmentation for tooth volume analysis in postmortem CT imaging: evaluation of forensic applicability.","authors":"Asmita Kangsen, Dennis Madsen, Lars Christian Ebert, Katja Petrowski, Monika Bjelopavlovic","doi":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b6988927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.ijcd.b6988927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigates whether tooth volume measurements derived from postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) can provide discriminatory information relevant for forensic identification or demographic profiling. In particular, it evaluates whether tooth volume represents a potentially useful parameter independent of dental restorations.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>60 anonymized PMCT scans from the Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine were analyzed. Of these, 39 scans were from males and 21 scans were from females (mean age; 37 years). Following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1,254 untreated, fully developed teeth were segmented using a semi-automated workflow combining machine learning and manual correction. Tooth volumes were calculated and mixed models were applied to assess the influence of age and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tooth volume varied substantially by tooth type, with posterior teeth showing larger volumes than anterior teeth. No evidence was found that tooth volume alone is sufficiently distinctive for direct identification. Tooth volume showed a small but significant negative correlation with age (p = 0.008 after Bonferroni adjustment) and was generally larger in men than in women (p < 0.001 for the differences between the sexes). However, these differences were not sufficient for reliable individual identification. Technical limitations due to metal restorations, artifacts and incomplete root development led to the exclusion of a considerable number of teeth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tooth volume derived from CT-based segmentations alone does not appear to be sufficiently discriminative for direct forensic identification. However, it may provide supportive information for demographic profiling when combined with additional morphological or segmentation-derived parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":48666,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Computerized Dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147786335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital workflow to fabricate snoring CAD-CAM mandibular advancement devices.","authors":"Manuel Raffa, Rafik Akhmad, Thi Ngoc Trang Tran, Florian Beuer, Arthur Rodriguez Gonzalez Cortes","doi":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b6988853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.ijcd.b6988853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are disorders caused by atony of the upper airway dilator muscles leading to airway narrowing during sleep and affect approximately 47% of the population. Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) are widely recognized as an effective therapeutic option, consistently associated with higher patient satisfaction and accepted as a primary treatment alternative . However, information on digital workflows to produce MAD with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology using a virtual articulator is lacking. The purpose of this report is to present a technique to design and mill MADs from intraoral scans using a user-friendly software of an integrated CAD-CAM system with virtual articulator.</p>","PeriodicalId":48666,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Computerized Dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147786256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous fabrication of implant restorations and occlusal devices - enhanced efficiency due to digital workflow.","authors":"Tobias Graf, Elisabeth Böhm, Hans-Jürgen Stecher, Puria Parvini, Jan-Frederik Güth","doi":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b6645597","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b6645597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hybrid abutment crowns (HACs) have gained increased attention due to their time and cost efficiency as well as their reliability for restoring single-tooth implants in the posterior region. This article presents a digital approach to restore single-tooth gaps with implant-supported HACs in combination with a simultaneous occlusal device therapy within four appointments, combining implant surgery with prosthetic and functional therapy. 3D implant planning, guided surgery, PEEK customized healing abutments, intraoral scanning, and movement registration of the mandibular function were applied together to achieve the predictable result.</p>","PeriodicalId":48666,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Computerized Dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"73-85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of thermal aging on glass-matrix ceramic and resin-matrix ceramic CAD/CAM blocks: flexural strength and Vickers microhardness assessment.","authors":"Mustafa Çopun, Bengü Doğu Kaya, Pınar Yılmaz Atalı, Erkut Kahramanoğlu","doi":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b6329245","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b6329245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the flexural strength, elastic modulus, and Vickers microhardness values of glass-matrix ceramic and resin-matrix ceramic CAD/CAM blocks, and to examine the differences after thermal aging.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The present in vitro study involved seven different CAD/CAM blocks: Amber Mill (Hassbio, Republic of Korea), Initial LiSi Block (GC, Japan), Celtra Duo (Dentsply Sirona, Germany), Tessera (Dentsply Sirona), IPS e.max CAD (Ivoclar, Liechtenstein), Cerasmart (GC), and Grandio Blocs (Voco, Germany). Bar-shaped samples (1.2 × 4 × 14 mm) for the three-point bending test and rectangular samples (2-mm thickness) for the Vickers microhardness test were prepared using a precision cutting device under water. Half of the samples underwent 50,000 thermal cycles between 5 and 55°C, and the other half were kept in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. Flexural strength and elastic modulus values were measured using a universal testing machine, and Vickers microhardness values were measured using a microhardness tester. Statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests, with significance set at P 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tessera showed the highest median values for flexural strength (570 MPa), elastic modulus (66.2 GPa), and Vickers microhardness (717.7) after 24 hours, whereas Cerasmart had the lowest values (flexural strength: 260 MPa; elastic modulus: 12.8 GPa; Vickers microhardness: 99.9). Significant differences were found between the materials' flexural strength, elastic modulus, and Vickers microhardness values after 24 hours and after thermal aging (P 0.001). All materials showed a significant decrease in flexural strength values following thermal aging (P 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the selection of CAD/CAM materials, it is critical to consider that mechanical properties vary with structure and tend to change over time due to aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":48666,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Computerized Dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"49-61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy and efficiency of artificial intelligence and manual virtual segmentation for generation of 3D-printed tooth replicas.","authors":"Ignacio Pedrinaci, Anita Nasseri, Javier Calatrava, Emilio Couso-Queiruga, William V Giannobile, German O Gallucci, Mariano Sanz","doi":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b6329209","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ijcd.b6329209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The primary aim of the present in vitro study was to compare methods for generating 3D-printed replicas through virtual segmentation, utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) or manual processes, by assessing accuracy in terms of volumetric and linear discrepancies. The secondary aims were the assessment of time efficiency with both segmentation methods, and the effect of post-processing on 3D-printed replicas.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty teeth were scanned through CBCT, capturing the region of interest from human subjects. DICOM files underwent virtual segmentation through both AI and manual methods. Replicas were fabricated with a stereolithography 3D printer. After surface scanning of pre-processed replicas and extracted teeth, STL files were superimposed to compare linear and volumetric differences using the extracted teeth as the reference. Post-processed replicas were scanned to assess the effect of post-processing on linear and volumetric changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AI-driven segmentation resulted in statistically significant mean linear and volumetric differences of -0.709 mm (SD 0.491, P 0.001) and -4.70%, respectively. Manual segmentation showed no statistically significant differences in mean linear (-0.463 mm, SD 0.335, P 0.001) and volumetric (-1.20%) measures. Comparing manual and AI-driven segmentations, AI-driven segmentation displayed mean linear and volumetric differences of -0.329 mm (SD 0.566, P = 0.003) and -2.23%, respectively. Additionally, AI segmentation reduced the mean time by 21.8 minutes. When comparing post-processed to pre-processed replicas, there was a volumetric reduction of -4.53% and a mean linear difference of -0.151 mm (SD 0.564, P = 0.042).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both segmentation methods achieved acceptable accuracy, with manual segmentation slightly more accurate but AI-driven segmentation more time-efficient. Continual improvement in AI offers the potential for increased accuracy, efficiency, and broader application in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":48666,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Computerized Dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"9-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}