Jama Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Error in Supplement 3.","authors":"","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.4288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.4288","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13631785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overlapping Cohorts and Double Counting in Meta-Analyses-Reply.","authors":"Georgios Agrotis, Ivo G Schoots","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.2827","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.2827","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1158-1159"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148680527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concerns Regarding NSCLC Immunoradiotherapy Study Interpretability-Reply.","authors":"Han Zhou, Teddy Tai Loy Lee, Feng-Ming Spring Kong","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.2924","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.2924","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1161"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overlapping Cohorts and Double Counting in Meta-Analyses.","authors":"Neel Vora","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.2824","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.2824","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1158"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148680576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma and Maternal Screening-Reply.","authors":"Paulo S Pinheiro","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.3313","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.3313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1162"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148841772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial and Ethnic Disparities in US Colorectal Cancer Mortality by County, Sex, and Age.","authors":"Paula D Strassle, Christian S Alvarez, Laura Dwyer-Lindgren, Dillon O Sylte, César Montalvo-Clavijo, Yekaterina O Kelly, Zhuochen Li, Theresa A McHugh, Wichada La Motte-Kerr, Farah Daoud, Lisa M Force, George A Mensah, Stephanie M George, Amanda S Hinerman, Kelvin Choi, Christopher J L Murray, Ali H Mokdad, Eliseo J Pérez-Stable","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.3194","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.3194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>In the past 2 decades, substantial declines in national colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality rates have been observed in the US; however, it is unclear whether these improvements have happened ubiquitously across geography, race and ethnicity, sex, and age group.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess variation in CRC mortality rates and changes over time, across county, race and ethnicity, sex, and age group (<45 years and ≥45 years).</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This US population-based cross-sectional study used validated small-area estimation models to estimate county-level CRC mortality rates by race and ethnicity, sex, and age group from 2000 to 2019. Data analysis was completed in May 2023.</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>Estimates were stratified by county, race and ethnicity (American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian or Pacific Islander, Black, Hispanic or Latino, and White), sex (female and male), and age group (<45 years and ≥45 years) as reported on death certificates.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The outcome of interest was CRC mortality rates per 100 000 individuals. Estimates were corrected for race and ethnicity misclassification on death certificates and age standardized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3110 counties or combined county units with data from 2000 to 2019 (mean annual population, 306 million), most counties saw declines in CRC mortality among adults aged 45 years or older, from 82.5 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 81.7 to 83.2) to 54.4 (95% UI, 53.9 to 54.9) deaths per 100 000 population among males and from 58.9 (95% UI, 58.4 to 59.3) to 39.7 (95% UI, 39.4 to 40.0) per 100 000 deaths among females 45 years or older. However, in 2019, considerable county-level variation, including within states, was observed. The largest county-level variation was observed among American Indian or Alaska Native males aged 45 years or older, ranging from 13.6 (95% UI, 8.2-20.8) to 213.5 (95% UI, 147.1-309.0) deaths per 100 000 population. Overall, 275 counties with unmasked estimates had CRC mortality rates of more than 100 deaths per 100 000 among at least 1 population (American Indian or Alaska Native females: 13 counties; American Indian or Alaska Native males: 92 counties; Black males: 182 counties; Hispanic or Latino males: 1 county; White males: 4 counties; all other populations: 0). CRC mortality rates among individuals aged younger than 45 years were stable or increased from 2000 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This cross-sectional study found significant improvements in CRC mortality in adults aged 45 years or older at the national level and across all racial and ethnic populations between 2000 and 2019. However, CRC mortality rates remain extremely high in some counties and populations. These findings can help inform targeted intervention strategies for communities at highest risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1135-1144"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13494797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma and Maternal Screening.","authors":"Yue Chang","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.3310","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.3310","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1161-1162"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148841834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in Cancer Incidence by Sex and Associated Lifestyle Factors and Health Conditions.","authors":"Zhuo-Ying Li, Yu-Ting Tan, Qiu-Ming Shen, Dan-Ni Yang, Hong-Lan Li, Yong-Bing Xiang","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.3747","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.3747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Cancer risk is higher in males than females globally. Whether this sex disparity reflects a biological inevitability or is potentially modifiable by lifestyle behaviors and health conditions across diverse populations remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the contribution of lifestyle factors and health conditions to sex disparities in cancer incidence across populations.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This cohort study conducted an individual-level analysis of 3 population-based prospective cohorts in China (Shanghai Men's Health Study and Shanghai Women's Health Study) and the UK (UK Biobank) of adults aged 40 to 74 years at baseline with no prior cancer. Baseline data were collected from 1997 to 2010, with follow-up through 2021. Data were analyzed from September 2025 to June 2026.</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>Eleven risk factors covering behaviors (smoking, heavy alcohol drinking, physical inactivity), diet (low intakes of vegetable and fruit, high intakes of red meat and processed meat), and health conditions (cholelithiasis, chronic liver diseases, diabetes, obesity).</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Incidence of 34 non-sex-specific cancer end points. Attributable rate differences (ARDs, cases per 100 000 person-years) and attributable proportion (AP, %) quantified the number and percentage of the male-female incidence rate gap attributable to the exposures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among a total of 589 766 participants (mean [SD] age, 56.1 [8.5] years; 315 813 [53.5%] females), 70 300 non-sex-specific cancer cases were documented. In the Chinese population (134 742 participants [54.4% female]), the joint ARD across the 11 risk factors was 182.52 (95% CI, 162.46-202.26) cases per 100 000 person-years, accounting for 84.44% of the male-female incidence rate difference. Smoking (ARD, 111.87 [95% CI, 95.38-128.00]; AP, 51.75%) and heavy alcohol drinking (ARD, 32.64 [95% CI, 24.61-40.43]; AP, 15.10%) were leading contributors. In the UK population (455 024 participants [53.3% female]), the joint ARD was 52.31 (95% CI, 35.63-70.22) cases per 100 000 person-years, accounting for 26.21% of the sex disparity. Obesity (ARD, 15.34 [95% CI, 6.06-24.08]; AP, 7.68%) and smoking (ARD, 12.49 [95% CI, 1.82-24.39]; AP, 6.26%) were leading individual contributors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The findings of this cohort study suggest that modifiable lifestyle factors and health conditions accounted for most of the male-female cancer incidence gap in the Chinese population but only a small fraction in the UK population. Reducing cancer sex disparities may require prevention strategies tailored to population contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemotherapy and Surgical Outcomes for Ovarian Metastases From Colorectal Cancer: A Narrative Review.","authors":"James B E Weil, Annekathryn Goodman","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.3634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.3634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Colorectal cancer is the third most common and deadly cancer among women worldwide. Although ovarian metastases from colon cancer are relatively uncommon, they remain clinically significant due to their association with poor prognosis and the longstanding suspicion that the ovaries may function as a chemotherapy-resistant sanctuary site. This review examines the evidence for this phenomenon and potential role of surgical resection of metastatic disease.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>Twenty-four retrospective studies comprising 2705 patients with ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer were evaluated. Ovarian metastases demonstrated lower objective chemotherapy response rates than extraovarian metastases, had substantially lower mean shrinkage, and frequently exhibited discordant growth during treatment. The most favorable outcomes associated with improved survival were observed in patients who had complete surgical resection of ovarian metastases and microscopically negative margins.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, the literature supports the ovary functioning as a relative sanctuary site in metastatic colorectal cancer, suggesting that systemic therapy alone should not be regarded as adequate. Instead, systemic therapy assumes a complementary role in reducing overall tumor burden and improving candidacy for resection. Therefore, optimal management should aim for clearance of all macroscopic disease, with negative surgical margins pursued when feasible. Metastasectomy should be performed within the context of comprehensive disease control, including resection of the primary tumor.</p>","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient Reported Outcomes and Financial Toxicity in Head and Neck Cancer: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Pooja Karukonda, Fumiko Chino, Donna Niedzwiecki, Zihan Wan, Eileen Duffy, Josephine Gaston, Deborah Kaye, David M Brizel, Yvonne M Mowery","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.3615","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.3615","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}