Structures最新文献

{"title":"Performance of hybrid basalt-recycled polypropylene fibre reinforced concrete","authors":"Ethan Chia ,&nbsp;Hoang B.K. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Khuong N. Le ,&nbsp;Kaiming Bi ,&nbsp;Thong M. Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the influence of hybrid basalt-recycled polypropylene (PP) fibre reinforcement on the mechanical properties of concrete at various volume fractions. Various volume fractions of basalt micro fibres (0.1 % and 0.3 %) and recycled PP macro fibres (0.3 %, 0.7 %, and 1.0 %) were examined. The results showed significant improvements in compressive strength, flexural performance, and energy absorption capacity compared to plain concrete. The optimal mixture (0.3 % basalt and 0.7 % recycled PP) achieved a 64 % increase in flexural strength. Compressive strength increased by up to 13.2 % with 0.3 % basalt and 0.3 % recycled PP. Hybrid reinforcement also enhanced post-cracking behaviour and energy absorption, with the highest energy absorption reaching 20 J, nearly tenfold that of plain concrete. Virgin PP fibres predominantly failed by rupture, indicating strong fibre-matrix bonding, while recycled PP fibres mainly failed by pull-out. The modulus of rupture of recycled PP reinforced concrete (3.76 MPa) was only marginally lower than virgin PP one (4.52 MPa). Importantly, the post-peak strength of virgin and recycled PP reinforced concrete (B01VP07 and B01P07, respectively) remained comparable at approximately 2.5 kN. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of using the basalt recycled PP fibre reinforcement and highlighted its potential as a sustainable solution for enhancing concrete performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying destructive earthquakes in reinforced concrete moment frames: The role of ground motion parameters and soil-structure interaction","authors":"Mohammad Toorang ,&nbsp;Amir Bazrafshan Moghaddam ,&nbsp;Ali Hassannejad","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the challenge of identifying the most destructive earthquakes to minimize earthquake-induced damage, with particular attention to the seismic behavior of special reinforced concrete moment frames (RCMFs) and the influence of soil-structure interaction (SSI). To achieve this objective, a numerical model was developed in OpenSEES platform to analyze RCMFs with heights of 2, 6 and 10 stories on four different soil types (Site Classes B to E). Also, to consider the effect of SSI, the study utilized a Beam on Nonlinear Winkler Foundation approach (BNWF), incorporating springs and dashpots. An extensive set of earthquake records, including 274 horizontal ground motion records, categorized based on shear wave velocity for each site class, was employed. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) was used to identify the most destructive earthquake scenarios, with maximum inter-story drift serving as the damage measure (DM) for the four seismic performance levels proposed by HAZUS and peak ground acceleration (PGA) as the intensity measure (IM). After performing correlation analysis between the 57 ground motion parameters (GMPs) and the maximum inter-story drift, followed by an inter-correlation analysis among the candidate GMPs, it was ultimately determined that the GMPs: <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><msub><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>F</mi><mn>5</mn><mi>PSD</mi></mrow></math></span>, accurately represent the potential for seismic damage. IDA results highlighted the significant influence of SSI on the seismic performance of structure, especially in taller buildings constructed on softer soil types. Finally, two equations were developed based on the identified GMPs to determine and rank destructive earthquakes for both SSI and no-SSI (NSSI) conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108735"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bonding techniques for CFRP-concrete interfaces: A comparative study of epoxy anchors and grooves with GO-modified epoxy","authors":"Mandeep Kaur ,&nbsp;Himanshu Chawla ,&nbsp;Naveen Kwatra","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigates the effect of high-strength and low-concentrated GO-modified epoxy on the bond performance between CFRP-concrete interface with plain grinded and various configurations of epoxy anchors and grooves over the concrete surface. The 0.05 wt% GO-modified epoxy with grinded concrete surface outperforms the conventional CNT-modified epoxy and displayed cohesive failure with an increase in the ultimate debonding load and CFRP strain utilization by 28 % and 69.7 %, respectively. Epoxy grooves show better bonding characteristics at the CFRP-concrete interface than epoxy anchors. The optimized epoxy grooves configuration shows a 42 % and 100 % enhancement in the failure load and CFRP strain utilization, respectively, compared with the control specimen due to mechanical interlocking provided by anchors and grooves. Further, GO-modified epoxy in the optimized epoxy groove configuration shows a 59.3 % and 114.25 % remarkable increase in CFRP’s ultimate load, strain utilization, and complete concrete wedge failure. This significant enhancement is due to the combined effect of mechanical interlocking, friction, and chemical bonding. Most importantly, FE-SEM confirms the formation of a dense network between the interfaces due to an abundance of oxygen-containing functional groups in GO, which strengthens the load transfer path and results in improved bond behavior and effective and efficient composite action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108719"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inelastic velocity ratios through Takeda and AlBermani hysteretic models","authors":"Panagiota Katsimpini","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inelastic Velocity Ratio (IVR) is a crucial parameter in understanding structural seismic response, yet its evaluation through advanced hysteretic models remains relatively unexplored. This study investigates IVR behavior using two sophisticated hysteretic models: the Takeda model for reinforced concrete structures and the AlBermani model for steel structures. The primary objectives are to develop empirical formulations for estimating maximum inelastic velocities without complex nonlinear analysis, as well as to evaluate the applicability of the IVR concept across different structural types. The methodology involves extensive parametric analyses of Single-Degree-of-Freedom systems using both models, considering various periods, behavior factors, and damping ratios. The derived formulations are validated through analyses of Multi-Degree-of-Freedom systems representing regular and irregular buildings. Results demonstrate that incorporating these advanced models provides more accurate estimations of maximum inelastic velocities compared to traditional elastic-perfectly plastic approaches, for engineers designing velocity-sensitive structural and nonstructural components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108749"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of cable tension in large-span cable-stayed bridges using image super-resolution reconstruction technology","authors":"Hao Xue,&nbsp;Zhenrui Peng ,&nbsp;Hong Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a new method for remotely estimating cable tension in large-span cable-stayed bridges, addressing challenges such as image blurring, cable vibration displacement extraction, and camera vibrations. First, the Real-Enhanced Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (Real-ESRGAN) is used to enhance the image quality and edge clarity of cable-stayed bridge cables. An adaptive threshold Canny-Hough operator is then introduced to detect cable edges, reducing the uncertainty introduced by manually setting thresholds in the Canny operator and effectively minimizing interference from complex backgrounds. Next, the Perspective-four-Point camera calibration algorithm is used to determine the scaling factor, with the cable's anchorage point serving as a reference for calculating its actual vibration displacement, thereby reducing the impact of camera vibrations. Finally, Fourier transform is applied to analyze the displacement data and estimate cable tension based on vibration frequency. The method is validated through laboratory tests on a simply supported beam and field tests on a large-span cable-stayed bridge. The results demonstrate high accuracy compared to accelerometer measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108701"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A numerically stable transfer matrix method for dynamic analysis of steel-concrete composite beams","authors":"Qikai Sun,&nbsp;Yateng Yan,&nbsp;Chao Zhang,&nbsp;Libo Wang,&nbsp;Nan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The conventional transfer matrix method (TMM) is prone to numerical instability when applied to long-span steel-concrete composite beams, particularly under scenarios involving intricate interfacial shear slip and shear deformation coupling effects. To resolve this limitation, this study proposes a numerically stable analytical framework for precise dynamic analysis of composite beams. The developed TMM integrates Timoshenko beam theory with a dual-layer shear deformation mechanism, explicitly modeling both interfacial slip kinematics and layer-wise shear distortions. The core innovation lies in the adoption of a Jordan canonical form matrix to reconstruct the global transfer relationship, replacing conventional multiplicative matrix formulations that amplify truncation errors in extended transfer paths. The methodology is rigorously validated through comparative studies against established analytical and finite element approaches. Crucially, two dimensionless parameters—shear slip-to-stiffness ratio and shear deformation coupling coefficient—are identified as pivotal factors governing the frequency reduction characteristics. These parameters establish a direct quantitative linkage between interfacial slip magnitudes and frequency attenuation, enabling rapid determination of frequency reduction coefficients via simplified empirical correlations. This advancement significantly streamlines engineering workflows by circumventing computationally intensive iterative procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108740"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural failure of reinforced concrete buildings: The case of Al Haouz earthquake on 8 September 2023, Morocco","authors":"Laila Taoufiq ,&nbsp;Mimoun Chourak ,&nbsp;El Mehdi Guendouli ,&nbsp;Fatimaezzahra Arrakhiz","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On 8 September 2023, Morocco was subjected to a significant seismic event. The earthquake occurred at 11:11 PM with a magnitude of Mw 6.8–7.2 in the province of Al Haouz. The epicenter of the earthquake was located at 30.9896 North; 8.4140 West, in the rural commune of Ighil, province of Al Haouz, Marrakech-Safi region. The Al Haouz earthquake had a significant impact on buildings, particularly in five provinces (Al Haouz, Chichaoua, Marrakech, Ouarzazate and Taroudant). The earthquake caused significant damage and loss of life in the affected regions, with a total of 69,674 buildings were damaged, 47,378 were partially destroyed, and 22,296 were totally destroyed. An analysis was conducted to assess the damage to reinforced concrete buildings in each of the two regions namely Al Haouz and Taroudant. The results indicated that the main causes of the observed damage were attributable to the nature of the soil, the short columns, soft story, the lack of sufficient reinforcement, and the construction materials used. An evaluation was conducted to assess compliance with Moroccan seismic regulations (RPS 2011) and identify deficiencies requiring revisions to the standard. This assessment also involved a comparison with other international seismic regulations, such as those in China and Eurocode 8, to examine best practices and learn valuable lessons. This comparative approach aims to enhance local standards by incorporating proven approaches to improving the seismic resistance of structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study and finite element simulation of innovative steel buckling restrained braces with three yielding stages","authors":"Chunbao He ,&nbsp;Yifan Yu ,&nbsp;Gengying Li ,&nbsp;Yan Zhuge ,&nbsp;Jun-Jie Zeng ,&nbsp;Min Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To further enhance the energy dissipation effect of graded yielding buckling restrained braces and ensure more uniform stress distribution in the bracing core, this paper proposes a novel type of three-stage yielding buckling restrained braces (Three-Stage Yielding Buckling Restrained Braces, TSY-BRB). The TSY-BRB features two weakened segments with different cross-sectional area weakening ratios to achieve three-stage yielding of the core. Static tests were conducted on TSY-BRBs with four different weakening combinations under displacement-controlled cyclic load to examine the effects of these combinations on energy dissipation capacity and mechanical properties. The results demonstrated that all TSY-BRBs exhibit a distinct three-stage yielding characteristic. Compared to the two-stage yielding anti-buckling brace, the TSY-BRB displayed a full hysteresis curve without any pinching and achieves an increased damping ratio of up to 21.8 %. The fourth TSY-BRB showed more uniform flexural behavior, indicating more uniform loading under cyclic conditions and effectively reducing stress concentration caused by area weakening. Finite element simulations were conducted and the results confirmed the hierarchical and fixed-point yielding characteristics of TSY-BRBs, with the hysteresis curves closely matching those from the tests, indicating the reliability of the test results. The in-plane deformation curve showed that the fourth TSY-BRB was stressed more uniformly and had the best overall performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108672"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a modified displacement-based seismic design of braced reinforced concrete frame structures considering soil structure interaction","authors":"Sina Farahani ,&nbsp;Amir Houshang Akhaveissy ,&nbsp;Lars Damkilde","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The direct displacement-based design (DDBD) method is a well-developed performance-based design method that utilizes displacement as a fundamental parameter to design structures. The robustness of the DDBD method in satisfying the expected performance level of many lateral load-resisting systems has already been evaluated. However, no particular attention has been explicitly paid to the effects of flexible-base systems. This deficiency has become more noticeable since it was proven that soil-structure interaction (SSI) and foundation flexibility might affect buildings’ seismic performance. The structure response can be changed by SSI owing to the interaction between the structure and the soil beneath the system. In addition, the state of the art reveals that most studies on the effects of SSI have been conducted based on the idealization of structural and soil modeling approaches. To this end, the modified direct displacement-based design method (MDDBD) is first developed, adopting an SSI mathematical model to the previously developed DDBD approach. Second, a nonlinear baseline model and the finite element (FE) procedure are developed and validated against a database of well-documented shaking table tests available in the technical literature. Then, several RC-BRB frames with different heights placed on three soil types are designed based on the developed MDDBD method, and their complete FE models are constructed according to the pre-validated numerical model. To evaluate the performance of the proposed MDDBD method, the complete numerical nonlinear SSI models are subjected to the nonlinear time-history analyses (NTHA) with a set of near-fault and far-fault ground motions. The results indicate that the RC-BRB frames considering SSI designed by the proposed MDDBD method can successfully achieve the desired performance objectives. Finally, a promising applicable formula is developed based on the machine learning-based method for predicting lateral induced displacement of the RC-BRB system considering SSI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108443"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performance of precast interior joints with UHPC composite beams and HSC columns","authors":"Yanzhong Ju ,&nbsp;Xiangsheng Kong ,&nbsp;Dehong Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaolei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaozhou Li","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the seismic performance and shear capacity of precast interior joints with ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) composite beams and high-strength concrete (HSC) columns, five full-size precast interior joints and one full-size cast-in-place interior joint were fabricated for quasi-static testing. The research examines the impact of the column axial load ratio and post-cast UHPC in the joint core area on seismic performance. The findings reveal that the seismic performance of precast joints is comparable to that of cast-in-place joints. Precast joints exhibit superior resistance to cyclic loading and enhanced stiffness. Post-cast UHPC in the core area of precast joints significantly improves ultimate shear capacity and reduces shear deformation. Similar stiffness and energy dissipation capacities can be attained despite a 40 % reduction in the stirrup ratio within the core area. Increasing the column axial load ratio from 0.3 to 0.5 results in heightened shear capacity for the precast joints and a decrease in shear deformation. The modified simplified softened strut-and-tie model proves to be computationally accurate and is suitable for calculating the shear capacity of the precast joint.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108741"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}