Urban Climate最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic effects of compound temperature-humidity extremes and urban heat-moisture islands: An observational study in high-density humid subtropical twin cities","authors":"Yueer He ,&nbsp;Zihan Yang ,&nbsp;Yueyang He ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Hu ,&nbsp;Xiaoxin Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research on the synergistic effects of compound temperature-humidity extremes on urban heat island (UHI) and urban moisture island (UMI), particularly in humid subtropical climates, remains limited. This study investigates these synergistic effects in Shenzhen and Hong Kong, two neighboring cities in China's Great-Bay-Area that undergone distinct urbanization processes. Based on the 90th percentiles of daily moving averages of air temperature and specific humidity, three types of extreme events (HotWet, Hot, and Wet events) were identified. Categorical analysis was performed using ten-year observational data across five types of built-up-areas classified by the local climate zones scheme, while spatial analysis drew from 154 weather stations. Results reveal that UHI intensity follows a hierarchy: urban high-rise &amp; urban low/mid-rise areas &gt; urban park &amp; urban seaside &gt; suburban. Extreme events generally intensify UHI and UMI effects, with a stronger impact observed in Shenzhen than in Hong Kong, where UHI and UMI are, on average, 0.22 °C and 0.24 g/kg higher, respectively. Hot events increase UHI by approximately 0.25 °C more than HotWet events, whereas HotWet events enhance UMI by about 0.06 g/kg more than Wet events. Urban vegetation and blue spaces mitigate extreme weather effects, but their effectiveness varies with extreme weather type and urban factors. The frequency of compound extremes is positively correlated with UHI in both summer and winter while positive correlations with UMI intensity are only observed in winter. These findings emphasize the importance of urban resilience enhancements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48626,"journal":{"name":"Urban Climate","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102455"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-year monitoring of indoor and outdoor PM10 at 15 sites in an urban setting. Part I: chemical composition and source tracers","authors":"C. Perrino ,&nbsp;L. Massimi ,&nbsp;M. Giusto ,&nbsp;T. Sargolini ,&nbsp;M. Ristorini ,&nbsp;S. Canepari","doi":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Simultaneous measurements of PM₁₀ and more than 80 chemical components have been carried out indoors and outdoors at 15 residential sites in the urban area of Rome, Italy, for a study period of 2 years from May 2019 to April 2021 (12 samplings of the duration of 2 months each).</div><div>Outdoor PM₁₀ concentrations were rather homogeneous over the territory (range 18–30 μg/m³) and the ranking of the sites was relatively constant during the whole study, while much more marked differences among the dwellings were recorded indoors (range 11–125 μg/m³), with indoor/outdoor ratios up to over 4.</div><div>Using the water-soluble or insoluble fractions of some elements as source tracers allowed the identification of specific indoor sources in some of the dwellings: cigarette smoking - by far the one with the highest influence on indoor PM concentration -, biomass burning, burning of candles and incense and use of appliances operated by brush electric motors. Non-exhaust emission of vehicular traffic was detected by the insoluble fraction of Cu, Mo, Sb, Sn, and Zr. The outdoor concentration of these particles was influenced mainly by the centrality of the area, its height above sea level, and the overlook of the apartments, while their indoor penetration was mainly dependent on the characteristics of the building.</div><div>Lower concentrations, particularly of traffic tracers, were detected during the second year of the study due to the restrictions during the pandemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48626,"journal":{"name":"Urban Climate","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102464"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretable machine learning prediction of visits for respiratory diseases in Lanzhou, China: impact of air pollution and meteorological variables","authors":"Yuxia Ma ,&nbsp;Wanci Wang ,&nbsp;Zongrui Liu,&nbsp;Yuhan Zhao,&nbsp;Ziyue Wan,&nbsp;Pengpeng Qin,&nbsp;Bowen Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Meteorological variables and air pollution have raised the risk of associated mortality or morbidity of diseases, particularly respiratory diseases. In this study, prediction models were constructed employing three machine learning algorithms: generalized additive model (GAM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Random Forest (RF) based on daily meteorological and air quality data, as well as visits for respiratory diseases spanning the years from 2013 to 2018 in Lanzhou, Northwest China. By employing cross-validation and hyper-parameter optimization, we found that the three models demonstrated optimal performance when considering factor inputs with a cumulative lag of 3 days. RF emerged as the most effective predictive model, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.558, a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 16.861, and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 12.854. RF improved over GAM by 21.04 % in terms of R², 8.11 % for RMSE and 13.63 % for MAE. The minimum temperature (T_min) exhibited the highest bias explanatory rate and adjusted R² in GAM model, followed by NO₂ and the maximum temperature (T_max). Results analysis on the RF and XGBoost models using the interpretable SHAP method revealed that O₃ was the most important factors influencing respiratory visits. The distributions of factor importance and their interactions suggested that respiratory risk elevated with the increased pollutant concentrations (NO₂, CO, SO₂) when T_max was below 16 °C or T_min fell below 0 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48626,"journal":{"name":"Urban Climate","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102463"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of evergreen tree planting patterns on the winter microclimate and thermal comfort in residential areas: A study in Tai'an","authors":"Tianlu Li ,&nbsp;Qingrui Gao ,&nbsp;Meiqi Sun ,&nbsp;Xinlong Liu ,&nbsp;Yanyan Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evergreen trees are widely used as landscape elements in residential developments within cold regions. However, limited research has been conducted on the effects of evergreen trees on winter microclimate and outdoor thermal comfort (OTC). This study investigates the impact of different planting patterns of evergreen trees, including regular row planting, lump concentration planting and natural group planting, on winter microclimates and OTC in urban residential areas. We developed a refined vegetation model in ANSYS Fluent by incorporating parameters such as tree resistance to airflow, turbulent kinetic energy, transpiration cooling, and shading effects. Measurements and simulations were conducted in a residential area within Tai'an, China. The results indicate that the regular row planting pattern could effectively enhance microclimate and OTC conditions in areas with low solar radiation and high wind speed (WS) by avoiding local wind tunnel effects. In contrast, the lump concentration or natural group planting patterns tend to produce pronounced wind tunnel effect in areas with higher WS and are more suitable for areas with lower WS. This study integrates numerical simulations with evergreen tree planting strategies to provide valuable insights for optimizing residential green space planning and enhancing OTC in winter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48626,"journal":{"name":"Urban Climate","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102458"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial connection network of the co-benefits of reducing pollutants and carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Delta urban cluster","authors":"Longke Wang ,&nbsp;Ming Zhang ,&nbsp;Sai Chen ,&nbsp;Wenwen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clarifying the spatial connections of the co-benefits of reducing pollutants and carbon emissions (RPCE) is important for promoting collaborative urban governance and achieving sustainable development. This study examines the overall and individual evolutionary characteristics of spatial connection network (SCN) of the co-benefits of RPCE in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) urban cluster in China from 2011 to 2021, and employs the exponential random graph model (ERGM) to analyze its formation mechanisms in depth. The results demonstrate that this network is becoming increasingly cohesive and stable, exhibiting a typical “core-periphery” structure. A few cities (e.g., Nanjing) play a dominant role in the network, serving as the primary controllers and mediators of resource and information transmission, which requires more attention. The analysis of the formation mechanisms indicates that cities are more likely to form simple chain or bilateral connections in collaborative governance for RPCE. Meanwhile, factors such as the level of opening up, industrial structure upgrading, green technology innovation capacity, digital economy development, environmental regulation intensity, energy intensity, and fiscal capacity all have varying influences on the formation and direction of network connections. Moreover, network connections are also constrained by geographic distance, administrative boundaries and the differences in industrial specialization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48626,"journal":{"name":"Urban Climate","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102457"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature-based solutions to combat global change in urban ecosystem: lessons from global and regional perspectives","authors":"Gemechis B. Mosisa ,&nbsp;Bobe Bedadi ,&nbsp;Gemedo Dalle ,&nbsp;Nega Tassie","doi":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid urban expansion intensifies land use/land cover (LULC) changes, contributing to the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and decline in urban ecosystem services. This requires targeted ecological conservation strategies and integrated policies that balance urban development with ecological protection to address. The objective of this systematic review is to critically analyze the potential of nature-based solutions (NbS) to address different urban challenges associated with global change, particularly LULC changes and climate change, extracting valuable lessons from successful NbS across various regions and contexts. The review followed a systematic approach to synthesize scientific evidence from 113 sample articles (13.90 % of initial search results) on NbS and associated issues. It involved four distinctive stages: article selection criteria, search strategy, collection, and presentation of data. Three full-text scientific databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, and ISI-Web of Science were searched to identify the global research landscape on the topic using Publish or Perish version 8 software. Search terms were applied to article titles, abstracts, and keywords using Boolean operators. The systematic review employed mixed-methods to analyze the potential of NbS to address global change and identify possible research gaps. The quantitative analysis involved 113 articles. A concurrent qualitative analysis was carried out on a subset of 28 of these articles. This review identified that research and implementation of NbS in urban areas have considerably increased over the past decade, potentially driven by growing global concerns about the impacts of global changes. However, effective implementation of NbS is hindered by a lack of knowledge, functional policies, and institutional integration. Moreover, present studies disproportionately focus on issues like urban water supply, disregarding the need for more studies addressing climate change and LULC changes. Future research, hence, should prioritize climate change and LULC change impacts on urban ecosystems, and policymakers need to emphasize establishing integrating policies and institutional frameworks to support NbS implementation in urban environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48626,"journal":{"name":"Urban Climate","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102456"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating local climate zones and spatial modeling for carbon emission forecasting in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area toward 2060","authors":"Ruijun Chen ,&nbsp;Chao Ren ,&nbsp;Meng Cai ,&nbsp;Guangzhao Chen ,&nbsp;Cuiping Liao ,&nbsp;Ying Huang ,&nbsp;Zhen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-resolution and sector-specific spatial prediction of carbon emissions is essential for developing effective urban planning strategies to mitigate climate change. This study introduces an innovative approach by integrating the Local Climate Zone (LCZ) scheme and calculating landscape metrics indices as impact factors to enhance the spatial precision of carbon emission predictions. Using the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP) model, enriched with machine learning and sector-specific analysis, this research predicts spatial carbon emissions in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) from 2020 to 2060 at a fine resolution of 500 m × 500 m under the Business-As-Usual scenario. Results indicate a peak in emissions around 2030, followed by a targeted 22.7 % reduction by 2060 compared to 2020 levels. While a shift from coal to cleaner energy sources is evident, the increasing dependence on natural gas raises concerns. The study highlights that urban morphology, population density, and LCZ classifications significantly shape emission pathways. Quantitative modeling reveals that morphological features such as LCZ-based aggregation and connectivity indices have measurable effects on emissions across sectors. The findings emphasize the need for integrating spatial planning with energy policies and provide a replicable framework for metropolitan regions, which could guide dynamic policy strategies for urban development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48626,"journal":{"name":"Urban Climate","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102453"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model-based Climate Action Plans for ambitious local emissions reduction: A project-focused approach","authors":"Katherine Emma Lonergan,&nbsp;Josef Felix Köll ,&nbsp;Giovanni Sansavini","doi":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cities are increasingly developing Climate Action Plans to coordinate local emissions reduction; however, planners lack methodological guidance for consolidating many individual climate projects into a single plan. To close this gap, we frame the task of developing Climate Action Plans as a scheduling problem that determines optimal start times for emissions abatement projects given a specific budget. We characterize projects from empirical European data and find that considering uncertainty in cost and emissions abatement potential supports plans that are both ambitious and less prone to budget overruns than when neglecting uncertainty. We also identify difference between popular mitigation actions and those suggested under an optimal scheduling framework, which indicates potential for higher emission abatement ambition than observed in current Climate Action Plans. Our framework builds on cities' growing interest in computational models as decision-support tools while retaining the project-specific focus prominent in current stakeholder consultation practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48626,"journal":{"name":"Urban Climate","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102452"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping and topic modeling of over 133,000 studies on climate change and cities: Trends, geographical disparities, and future research needs","authors":"Ayyoob Sharifi ,&nbsp;Yukai Jin ,&nbsp;Prince Dacosta Aboagye","doi":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As major hubs of economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions, cities are central to climate change mitigation and adaptation. Recognizing this, urban climate change research has expanded significantly since 1990. This article uses topic modeling to identify major themes addressed in over 133,000 articles focused on the nexus between climate change and cities. It also examines focus areas across different continents. The analysis reveals a global bias, with many studies concentrating on cities in the Global North. There are distinct patterns, with mitigation dominating in the Global North while adaptation studies prevail in the Global South. Approximately half of the urban climate studies examine combined adaptation-mitigation approaches, with water, heat, and energy emerging as key themes across continents. Despite Africa's exposure to extreme heat events, this critical issue remains understudied in urban climate research focused on the continent. The findings underscore the necessity of customized urban climate solutions to effectively address the pressing issues of extreme heat and other climate-induced phenomena, thereby contributing to urban resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48626,"journal":{"name":"Urban Climate","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102448"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lost water bodies and a flooded city – Counterfactual scenarios of the extreme Chennai flood highlight the potential of nature-based solutions","authors":"N. Nithila Devi ,&nbsp;Abinesh Ganapathy ,&nbsp;André Felipe Rocha Silva ,&nbsp;Sergiy Vorogushyn ,&nbsp;Heiko Apel ,&nbsp;Heidi Kreibich ,&nbsp;Laurens Jozef Nicolaas Oostwegel ,&nbsp;Soumendra Nath Kuiry ,&nbsp;Nivedita Sairam","doi":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.uclim.2025.102454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In rapidly growing cities, unregulated urban expansion may encroach water bodies and floodplains, leading to frequent flooding. Chennai's traditional water bodies, known as ‘<em>tanks</em>’, act as nature-based solutions (NbS) for flood mitigation. Since the early 1900s, urbanization has led to the loss of 13.6 million m³ of tank storage within the city. The remaining tanks, holding 174.7 million m³ of water outside the city, are now at risk. We construct two counterfactual scenarios – what if (1) the lost tanks from the early 1900s had been protected during the urbanization (<em>with tanks</em>), and (2) the existing tanks upstream of the city were also lost (<em>u/s no tanks</em> - <em>u/s</em> denotes upstream). These scenarios are analyzed against the current situation (<em>baseline</em>), using the extreme 2015 flooding. The analysis reveals that in <em>u/s no tanks</em>, the potential flood damages rose by 44 % compared to the <em>baseline</em>. Conversely, flood damages decreased by 17 % in the <em>with tanks</em>. The population at risk increases by 40.5 % in <em>u/s no tanks</em>, while it decreases by 25.3 % in <em>with tanks</em> compared to the <em>baseline</em>. Thus, this study highlights the multi-dimensional impact of water bodies in flood control by examining the case of a rapidly expanding city.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48626,"journal":{"name":"Urban Climate","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102454"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}