Environmental Evidence最新文献

{"title":"What is favourable conservation status?: A systematic map protocol.","authors":"Alice M Oswald, Natasha Mannion, Stephen G Willis, Philip A Stephens, Philip J K McGowan","doi":"10.1186/s13750-025-00356-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13750-025-00356-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Favourable Conservation status (FCS) is the overarching goal of the Habitats and Birds Directives, in which it is described as the situation in which a habitat or species is thriving throughout its natural range and is expected to continue to thrive. However, despite being introduced over thirty years ago, FCS has not been widely adopted as a conservation assessment framework. This systematic map aims to collate and characterise evidence to understand 1) how the term FCS is used in the literature, and 2) the context of its applications in policy and practice. Specifically, we ask the question: how is FCS defined and how has it been applied in policy and practice? This review will contribute to the field by providing the first systematic evidence synthesis on FCS, both as a concept and as a practical application, and will review the broader applicability of FCS beyond Member State reporting obligations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of the literature will be conducted to collate and categorise evidence on the definitions and applications of FCS and barriers to its implementation. The literature will be screened in two stages to assess relevance, firstly by titles and abstracts and secondly by the full-texts. Studies will be assessed against eligibility criteria pertaining to the components of the question. Coded data will be extracted from the relevant studies and used in a narrative synthesis to summarise the evidence in a discussion, complemented by descriptive statistics and visual aids.</p>","PeriodicalId":48621,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Evidence","volume":"14 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoring riparian habitats for benefits to biodiversity and human livelihoods: a systematic map protocol for riparian restoration approaches in the tropics.","authors":"Sheena Davis, Matthew Grainger, Marion Pfeifer, Zarah Pattison, Philip Stephens, Roy Sanderson","doi":"10.1186/s13750-025-00355-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13750-025-00355-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Riparian zones are vital transitional habitats that bridge the gap between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. They support elevated levels of biodiversity and provide an array of important regulatory and provisioning ecosystem services, of which, many are fundamentally important to human well-being, such as the maintenance of water quality and the mitigation of flood risk along waterways. Increasing anthropogenic pressures resulting from agricultural intensification, industry development and the expansion of infrastructure in tropical regions have led to the widespread degradation of riparian habitats resulting in biodiversity loss and decreased resilience to flooding and erosion. Considering climate change and its associated effects on freshwater systems, the need to build resilience and adaptive capacities is pertinent. This has prompted the need to protect existing riparian habitats and the implementation of solutions to restore these degraded habitats to recover their functional capacity. This systematic map will aim to identify and collate existing literature on approaches for riparian restoration implemented in tropical regions and identify what indicators have been used to measure outcomes for biodiversity and human well-being. The resulting collation of evidence will help to identify current knowledge gaps and inform the direction of future research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address the aims of this systematic map, a search of pre-identified bibliographic databases will be undertaken using a set string of search terms. In addition to this, a grey literature search will be conducted using Google Scholar and by searching for references using specialist websites. All literature that is gathered will be screened by title, abstract and full text using a two-phase screening process which adheres to a pre-determined eligibility criteria. Data will then be coded from the collated group of articles using a pre-designed data coding sheet. Heterogeneity will likely be present in the data; therefore, studies will be grouped appropriately based on the restoration strategy implemented and, on the type of outcome measured. These will be presented as sub-groups. A narrative synthesis of map findings will be produced, this will outline the distribution and frequency of restoration interventions, and outcomes measured, and will highlight evidence gaps to direct future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48621,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Evidence","volume":"14 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of converting cropland to grassland on greenhouse gas emissions from peat and organic-rich soils in temperate and boreal climates: a systematic review.","authors":"Alena Holzknecht, Magnus Land, Jacynthe Dessureault-Rompré, Lars Elsgaard, Kristiina Lång, Örjan Berglund","doi":"10.1186/s13750-024-00354-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13750-024-00354-1","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;To align with climate goals, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture must be reduced significantly. Cultivated peatlands are an important source of such emissions. One proposed measure is to convert arable fields on peatlands to grassland, as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) default emission factors (EF) for organic soils are lower from grasslands. Yet, these EFs are based on limited data with high variability and comparisons are difficult due to differences in climate, soil properties, and crop management. This systematic review synthesizes available evidence on the effects of converting cropland to grassland on GHG emissions from peat and organic-rich soils in temperate and boreal climates using data from comparable fields.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Literature was searched using five bibliographic databases, four archives or search engines for grey literature, and Google Scholar. Eligibility screening was performed in two steps on (1) title/abstract, with consistency among reviewers assessed by double-screening 896 articles, and (2) full text screened by two reviewers. Eligible articles were critically appraised independently by at least two reviewers. Disagreements were reconciled through discussions. Data and key metadata are presented in narrative synthesis tables, including risk of bias assessments. Meta-analyses comparing grasslands with croplands were performed using raw mean difference as the effect size.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Review findings: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 10,352 unique articles were retrieved through the literature searches, and 18 articles including 29 studies were considered relevant to answer the review question. After critical appraisal, it was concluded that two articles reported the same data, so a total of 28 studies, comprising 34 comparisons were included in the systematic review. Most of the included studies were conducted in the Nordic countries and Germany, one in Belarus and one in Canada. A meta-analysis was conducted on 24 studies pairing cropland and grassland sites. No significant differences in carbon dioxide (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) or methane (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) emissions were found. Emissions of nitrous oxide (N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O) from grasslands were found to be 7.55 kg ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; y&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; lower than from cropland, however the sensitivity analysis showed that the difference was not robust, making it uncertain whether conversion from cropland to grassland has a significant effect on N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emissions from organic soils. The difference was also smaller when root crops were excluded from the comparator group. Further, net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) were higher in grasslands compared to croplands in cases where the grasslands were fertilized.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This systematic review underlines the ambiguity of GHG emissions from peatlands and their relationship to land use. Our un","PeriodicalId":48621,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Evidence","volume":"14 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How is the concept of charisma used in the academic literature about biodiversity conservation? A systematic map protocol.","authors":"Maxim Isaac, Caroline S Fukushima, Biljana Macura, Enrico Di Minin, Ricardo A Correia","doi":"10.1186/s13750-024-00353-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13750-024-00353-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The extinction of species is a multifaceted phenomenon shaped by the complex interplay between biological and socio-cultural factors. Public and academic preferences for different species often play a direct or indirect role in influencing the conservation outlook of these species. The \"charisma\" of species and other components of biodiversity is often mentioned as an important factor in shaping human preferences, determining both the scope of scientific studies and justifications for such scope. Here, we present a protocol for systematically mapping the use of the concept of \"charisma\" in relation to biodiversity peer-reviewed academic literature focused on biodiversity conservation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The search targeting academic peer-reviewed research articles and reviews will be conducted in three publication databases, The Lens, Scopus and Web of Science (Core Collection and SciELO), and will be supplemented by search engine results from Google Scholar. Broad-scope searches will be performed in 3 different languages (English, Portuguese, and Spanish) and article screening will be performed at two stages to ensure the relevance of each entry and consistency amongst reviewers in their use of the defined inclusion criteria. The resulting systematic map of the literature will be summarised by employing a narrative synthesis approach, and through descriptive statistics and analysis of temporal trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":48621,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Evidence","volume":"13 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11616242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142781545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence on the performance of nature-based solutions interventions for coastal protection in biogenic, shallow ecosystems: a systematic map.","authors":"Avery B Paxton, Trevor N Riley, Camille L Steenrod, Brandon J Puckett, Jahson B Alemu I, Savannah T Paliotti, Alyssa M Adler, Laura Exar, Josette E T McLean, James Kelley, Y Stacy Zhang, Carter S Smith, Rachel K Gittman, Brian R Silliman","doi":"10.1186/s13750-024-00350-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-024-00350-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Combined impacts from anthropogenic pressures and climate change threaten coastal ecosystems and their capacity to protect communities from hazards. One approach towards improving coastal protection is to implement \"nature-based solutions\" (NBS), which are actions working with nature to benefit nature and humans. Despite recent increases in global implementation of NBS projects for coastal protection, substantial gaps exist in our understanding of NBS performance. To help fill this gap, we systematically mapped the global evidence base on the ecological, physical, economic, and social performance of NBS interventions related to coastal protection. We focused on active NBS interventions, such as restoring or creating habitat, adding structure, or modifying sediment in six shallow biogenic ecosystems: salt marsh, seagrass, kelp forest, mangrove, coral reef, and shellfish reef.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We identified potentially relevant articles on the performance of NBS for coastal protection using predefined and tested search strategies across two indexing platforms, one bibliographic database, two open discovery citation indexes, one web-based search engine, and a novel literature discovery tool. We also searched 45 organizational websites for literature and solicited literature from 66 subject matter experts. Potentially relevant articles were deduplicated and then screened by title and abstract with assistance from a machine learning algorithm. Following title and abstract screening, we conducted full text screening, extracted relevant metadata into a predefined codebook, and analyzed the evidence base to determine the distribution and abundance of evidence and answer our research questions on NBS performance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Our search captured &gt; 37,000 articles, of which 252 met our eligibility criteria for relevance to NBS performance for coastal protection and were included in the systematic map. Evidence stemmed from 31 countries and increased from the 1980s through the 2020s. Active NBS interventions for coastal protection were most often implemented in salt marshes (45%), mangrove forests (26%), and shellfish reefs (20%), whereas there were fewer NBS studies in seagrass meadows (4%), coral reefs (4%), or kelp beds (&lt; 1%). Performance evaluations of NBS were typically conducted using observational or experimental methods at local spatial scales and over short temporal scales (&lt; 1 year to 5 years). Evidence clusters existed for several types of NBS interventions, including restoration and addition of structures (e.g., those consisting of artificial, hybrid, or natural materials), yet evidence gaps existed for NBS interventions like alteration of invasive species. Evaluations of NBS performance commonly focused on ecological (e.g., species and population, habitat, community) and physical (e.g., waves, sediment and morphology) outcomes, whereas pronounced evidence gaps existed for econom","PeriodicalId":48621,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Evidence","volume":"13 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11610176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review protocol for quantifying bycatch of critically endangered leatherback sea turtles within the Pacific Ocean basin.","authors":"Anna A Ortega, Nicola J Mitchell, Nina Marn, George L Shillinger","doi":"10.1186/s13750-024-00352-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13750-024-00352-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Pacific Ocean supports two leatherback sea turtle populations, each of which is Critically Endangered primarily as a result of ongoing incidental bycatch within small-scale and industrial fisheries. Conservation planning has included population viability analysis (PVA), which depends on accurate data on mortality and morbidity (sublethal effects) rates to yield realistic results that can inform management decision-making. Existing leatherback PVAs are based on best available data, however, estimates of mortality and morbidity rates are heavily influenced by estimates of bycatch. These, in turn, are based on unknown levels of observer coverage in many fisheries, estimated to be less than 1% coverage in some artisanal and industrial fleets. Leatherback population recovery depends on bycatch reduction. It is vital to understand the source, scope, and scale of leatherback bycatch wherever and whenever leatherbacks occur. Here, we outline a protocol for a systematic review to aggregate existing estimates of leatherback bycatch within the Pacific Ocean, on a population- and basin-level. These results will generate the first comprehensive estimate of leatherback turtle bycatch for any ocean basin and will be incorporated into future conservation planning for Pacific Ocean populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Boolean search string will be input into several bibliographic databases to yield articles and grey literature (governmental, business, and industry information not controlled by commercial publishing) related to the research question. Additional grey literature searches, snowball sampling and expert elicitation will be used to create as robust and comprehensive a pool of literature and/or databases as possible. Retrieved articles will be reviewed for eligibility using the SPIDER search strategy tool (Sample- Phenomenon of Interest-Design-Evaluation -Research type; 7). Articles which meet the criteria will be included in the systematic review, and their data will be collated into comprehensive estimates of leatherback sea turtle bycatch within the Pacific Ocean, one for each population. These data will be further teased apart by fishery size, fishing gear type, fishing nation, fishery region, and fishery target species, to target management more directly. This information will be published and provided directly to stakeholders for use in conservation management.</p>","PeriodicalId":48621,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Evidence","volume":"13 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11605985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the evidence for the impact of ocean warming on subtropical and temperate corals and coral reefs? A systematic map.","authors":"Man Lim Ho, Malgorzata Lagisz, Shinichi Nakagawa, Sarah Perkins-Kirkpatrick, Paige Sawyers, Charlotte Page, Bill Leggat, Troy Gaston, Alistair J Hobday, Zoe Richards, Tracy Ainsworth","doi":"10.1186/s13750-024-00349-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13750-024-00349-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Subtropical coral reefs are comparatively understudied compared to tropical coral reef ecosystems, yet also host a diverse and abundant array of marine life and provide substantial socio-economic benefits to communities. Research into the impacts of ocean warming on subtropical coral reefs has increased over the past two decades due to increase frequency and intensity of bleaching and degradation of these ecosystems. Understanding the extent of research effort and type of evidence assessing the response of subtropical corals and reefs to ocean warming provides valuable insight into global patterns in research efforts allowing critical knowledge gaps to be identified. A comprehensive understanding the impact of ocean warming on these systems will underpin our ability to predict and respond to future changes on subtropical coral reefs. Here, a systematic-map approach is used to identify recent research effort, from 2010 to 2023, and highlight patterns in the type, scale, and location of research conducted and as well as identify the availability of data and evidence reported.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Primary literature was identified by searching Scopus and Science Citation Index Expanded through Web of Science Core Collection databases. The methodologies provided in a previously published systematic map protocol were applied, and 90 primary research publications were subsequently identified. Data extraction from the identified literature included bibliometric data, discipline and type of research, type of data reported and how it was recorded, and data availability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Findings: &lt;/strong&gt;The identified literature consisted primarily of experimental (49%) and observational (39%) studies. The majority of the primary literature investigated corals in the ecoregions of Southern China (13%), Western Mediterranean (10%) and across a total of seven ecoregions grouped within Oceania (29%). Stressors reported in the literature as drivers of ocean warming reflect the standardisation of methods applied in reporting of events within the literature. Standardised metrics related to degree heating weeks (DHW) and marine heatwaves (MHW) have been reported when assessing the occurrence and severity of drivers, and are increasing in recent years, particularly in Australia. Finally, the need for increased research effort across much of the subtropics is evident, particularly for understudied regions such as the Western Indian Ocean where there are far fewer studies than other similar subtropical coral reef ecosystems.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Climatic change, increasing ocean temperatures, and the impacts to subtropical and temperate coral reefs are of increasing concern to policy makers and researchers alike. This systematic map provides a broad overview of research topics and effort around the globe since 2010 and identifies areas where more research effort is urgently needed. Our study has identified ma","PeriodicalId":48621,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Evidence","volume":"13 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SHOW ME the evidence: features of an approach to reliably deliver research evidence to those who need it.","authors":"John N Lavis, Jeremy M Grimshaw, Ruth Stewart, Julian Elliott, Will Moy, Joerg J Meerpohl","doi":"10.1186/s13750-024-00351-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13750-024-00351-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48621,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Evidence","volume":"13 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11583446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142688932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the effects of mobile bottom fishing on benthic carbon processing and storage: a systematic review protocol.","authors":"Stacey L Felgate, John Aldridge, Stefan G Bolam, Sarah Breimann, Emil de Borger, Jolien Claes, Jochen Depestele, Graham Epstein, Clement Garcia, Natalie Hicks, Michel Kaiser, Jack H Laverick, Gennadi Lessin, Finbarr G O'Neill, Sarah Paradis, Ruth Parker, Ryan Pereira, Alex J Poulton, Claire Powell, Craig Smeaton, Paul Snelgrove, Justin Tiano, Johan van der Molen, Sebastiaan van de Velde, Marija Sciberras","doi":"10.1186/s13750-024-00348-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-024-00348-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Marine sediments represent one of the planet's largest carbon stores. Bottom trawl fisheries constitute the most widespread physical disturbance to seabed habitats, which exert a large influence over the oceanic carbon dioxide (CO₂) sink. Recent research has sparked concern that seabed disturbance from trawling can therefore turn marine sediments into a large source of CO₂, but the calculations involved carry a high degree of uncertainty. This is primarily due to a lack of quantitative understanding of how trawling mixes and resuspends sediments, how it alters bioturbation, bioirrigation, and oxygenation rates, and how these processes translate into carbon fluxes into or out of sediments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The primary question addressed by this review protocol is: how does mobile bottom fishing affect benthic carbon processing and storage? This question will be split into the following secondary questions: what is the effect of mobile bottom fishing on: (i) the amount and type of carbon found in benthic sediments; (ii) the magnitude and direction of benthic-pelagic carbon fluxes; (iii) the biogeochemical, biological, and physical parameters that control the fate of benthic carbon; and (iv) the biogeochemical, biological, and physical parameters that control the fate of resuspended carbon. Literature searches will be conducted in Web of Science, SCOPUS, PROQUEST, and a range of grey and specialist sources. An initial scoping search in Web of Science informed the final search string, which has been formulated according to Population Intervention Comparator Outcome (PICO) principles. Eligible studies must contain data concerning a change in a population of interest caused by mobile bottom fishing. Eligible study designs are Before and After, Control and Impact, and Gradient studies. Studies included at full-text screening will be critically appraised, and study findings will be extracted.Extracted data will be stored in an Excel spreadsheet. Results will be reported in narrative and quantitative syntheses using a variety of visual tools including forest plots. Meta-analysis will be conducted where sufficient data exists.</p>","PeriodicalId":48621,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Evidence","volume":"13 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11476316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Existing evidence on the effect of urban forest management in carbon solutions and avian conservation: a systematic literature map.","authors":"Kayleigh Hutt-Taylor, Corinne G Bassett, Riikka P Kinnunen, Barbara Frei, Carly D Ziter","doi":"10.1186/s13750-024-00344-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13750-024-00344-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Urgent solutions are needed in cities to mitigate twin crises of global climate change and biodiversity loss. Urban nature-based solutions (actions that protect, sustainably manage, and restore ecosystems while simultaneously providing human wellbeing and biodiversity benefits) are being advocated for as multi-functional tools capable of tackling these societal challenges. Urban forest management is a proposed nature-based solution with potential to address both climate change mitigation and biodiversity loss along with multiple other benefits. However, bodies of evidence measuring multiple outcomes (e.g., biodiversity conservation and nature-based climate solutions) remain siloed which limits conservation and management opportunities. In this article, we present a systematic map of the literature on urban forest management strategies that measure both biodiversity goals (through avian conservation) and climate change mitigation goals (through carbon storage and sequestration).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Following a published protocol, we searched for evidence related to urban forest management strategies for (1) avian conservation and (2) carbon solutions within the global temperate region in academic and grey literature. In addition to Scopus, ProQuest and Web of Science Core Collection, we searched 21 specialist websites. We screened English language documents using predefined inclusion criteria on titles and abstracts, and then full texts. All qualifying literature items were coded, and metadata were extracted. No study validity appraisal was conducted. We identified knowledge clusters and gaps related to forest management strategies for both topics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Review findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Our searches identified 19,073 articles published, of which 5445 were duplicates. The title and abstract screening removed a further 11,019 articles. After full-text screening (1762 and 1406), a total of 277 avian and 169 forest carbon literature items met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final database. We found a large knowledge base for broad-scale avian metrics: abundance, species richness. We similarly found that both avian and carbon solutions most often used broad-scale forest management components: land use type, composition, and forested area and least often considered fragmentation, connectivity, and diversity metrics (abundance, richness). The most understudied avian metrics were foraging, resources, and survival while the most understudied carbon solutions metrics were soil carbon, dead wood and organic matter and infrastructure. Avian literature most often used an experimental design (56% with comparator, 44% no comparator) while forest carbon solutions literature was dominated by observational studies (86%). In both topics, studies most often occurred over short timelines between 0 and 1 and 2-5 years. The body of evidence for both avian and carbon outcomes present a scale-mismatch between ","PeriodicalId":48621,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Evidence","volume":"13 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11448182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142373286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}