Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine最新文献_第9页

Considering Sun Safety Policies in the United States. 考虑到美国的太阳安全政策。

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.59249/FMWG8617

Fatima N Mirza, Humza N Mirza, Sara Yumeen, Cheryl K Zogg, David J Leffell

引用次数: 0

Eco-emotions and Psychoterratic Syndromes: Reshaping Mental Health Assessment Under Climate Change. 生态情绪与精神综合症:气候变化下重塑心理健康评估。

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.59249/EARX2427

Paolo Cianconi, Batul Hanife, Francesco Grillo, Sophia Betro', Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Luigi Janiri

{"title":"Eco-emotions and Psychoterratic Syndromes: Reshaping Mental Health Assessment Under Climate Change.","authors":"Paolo Cianconi, Batul Hanife, Francesco Grillo, Sophia Betro', Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Luigi Janiri","doi":"10.59249/EARX2427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59249/EARX2427","url":null,"abstract":"Human activities like greenhouse gas emissions, pollution, and deforestation are largely responsible for climate change and biodiversity loss. The climate is a complex system and scientists are striving to predict, prevent, and address the aforementioned issues in order to avoid reaching tipping points. The threat to humankind is not only physical (ie, heat waves, floods, droughts) but also psychological, especially for some groups. Insecurity, danger, chaos, and an unstable system due to climate change have both short- and long-term psychological effects. In this scenario, the need for new psychological categories is emerging, namely, eco-emotions and psychoterratic syndromes which include eco-anxiety, ecological grief, climate worry, and climate trauma. This paper focuses on these new categories, presenting a summary of each one, including definitions, hypotheses, questions, and testological evaluations, as a useful tool to be consulted by researchers and clinicians and to help them in the therapeutic work. Also, this paper endeavors to distinguish between a psychological stress resulting in a positive outcome, such as pro-environmental behavior, compared to a stress that leads to a psychopathology. Prevention and intervention strategies including social and community support are fundamental to help cope with and mitigate the effect of climate change on mental health. In conclusion, the climate crisis has led to an enormous increase in research on climate change and its consequences on mental health. Researchers and clinicians must be prepared to assess this complex phenomenon and provide help to those who cannot cope with anxiety and climatic mourning.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"96 2","pages":"211-226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f7/27/yjbm_96_2_211.PMC10303262.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9755435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Climate Change Conversation: Understanding Nationwide Medical Education Efforts. 气候变化对话:了解全国医学教育的努力。

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.59249/PYIW9718

Olivia A Blanchard, Lucy M Greenwald, Perry E Sheffield

{"title":"The Climate Change Conversation: Understanding Nationwide Medical Education Efforts.","authors":"Olivia A Blanchard, Lucy M Greenwald, Perry E Sheffield","doi":"10.59249/PYIW9718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59249/PYIW9718","url":null,"abstract":"Despite increasing awareness of the public and global health ramifications of climate change, there is a lack of curricula discussing climate change within medical education. Where greater societal awareness and improved scientific understanding have begun to grab the attention of members of the medical education community, there is the precedent, the desire, and the need to incorporate climate-health topics into medical education. We hosted semi-structured interviews (n=9) with faculty members at different institutions across the country who have been involved with climate change education. We pursued a qualitative approach to begin an inter-institutional conversation and better understand what support our colleagues and peers need to expand climate-health education, and we identified a set of key barriers to implementation: Obtaining Institutional Resources, Formalizing Initiative Leadership, and Empowering Faculty Involvement. We also began to appreciate the creative strategies that programs across the country have employed to tackle these challenges. Working with interested students to manage workload, advocating for funded faculty positions, and integrating curricular materials in multiple formats are just a few of the approaches that have helped climate-health initiatives to achieve longevity and penetration in the curriculum. A better identification of the challenges and drivers for success in curricular efforts can provide a roadmap to more efficient implementation of climate-health topics within medical education.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"96 2","pages":"171-184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/c6/yjbm_96_2_171.PMC10303250.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9757670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changing Degrees: Incorporating the Impacts of Climate Change on Health into Pediatric Residency Education and Practice. 变化的程度:将气候变化对健康的影响纳入儿科住院医师教育和实践。

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.59249/BSGY1262

Sophia J Gauthier

引用次数: 0

Palliative Justice Post-COP27. cop27后的姑息司法。

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.59249/RTYB9681

William E Rosa, Liz Grant

{"title":"Palliative Justice Post-COP27.","authors":"William E Rosa, Liz Grant","doi":"10.59249/RTYB9681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59249/RTYB9681","url":null,"abstract":"The climate crisis is a planetary existential threat, disproportionately affecting the poorest populations worldwide. People in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) experience the most detrimental consequences of climate injustice, endangering their livelihoods, safety, overall wellbeing, and survival. Although the 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP27) put forth several internationally salient recommendations, the outcomes fall short to efficiently tackle the suffering that exists at the intersection of social and climate injustice. Individuals with serious illness living in LMICs have the highest burden of health-related suffering globally. In fact, more than 61 million people experience serious health-related suffering (SHS) each year that is amenable to palliative care. Despite this well-documented burden of SHS, an estimated 88-90% of palliative care need is unmet, the majority in LMICs. To equitably address suffering at individual, population, and planetary levels in LMICs, a palliative justice approach is crucial. The interplay of human and planetary suffering requires that current planetary health recommendations be expanded to incorporate a whole-person and whole-people perspective that recognizes the need for environmentally conscious and community-based research and policy initiatives. Conversely, palliative care efforts should incorporate planetary health considerations to ensure sustainability in capacity building and service provision. In sum, the optimal health of the planet will remain elusive until we can holistically recognize the value of relieving all suffering due to life-limiting conditions, as well as the value in preserving the natural resources of countries in which all people are born, live, age, suffer, die, and grieve.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"96 2","pages":"257-260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/70/d3/yjbm_96_2_257.PMC10303251.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10585092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promoting Sustainability Practices in the Outpatient Pediatric Setting. 促进可持续性实践在门诊儿科设置。

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.59249/VCAH6394

Yuhyun McKenzie Yun, Caroline Kirby, Natalie Bob, Casey Calabria, Ashley Hernandez, Barbara Cook, Janet Krolczyk, Sandra H Jee

{"title":"Promoting Sustainability Practices in the Outpatient Pediatric Setting.","authors":"Yuhyun McKenzie Yun, Caroline Kirby, Natalie Bob, Casey Calabria, Ashley Hernandez, Barbara Cook, Janet Krolczyk, Sandra H Jee","doi":"10.59249/VCAH6394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59249/VCAH6394","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare systems intend to address health needs of a community, but unfortunately may also inadvertently exacerbate the climate crisis through increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Clinical medicine has not evolved to promote sustainability practices. New attention to the enormous impact of healthcare systems on GHG emissions and an escalating climate crisis has resulted in some institutions taking proactive measures to mitigate these negative effects. Some healthcare systems have made large-scale changes to conserve energy and materials, resulting in significant monetary savings. In this paper, we share our experience with developing an interdisciplinary work \"green\" team within our outpatient general pediatrics practice to implement changes, albeit small, to reduce our workplace carbon footprint. We share our experience with reducing paper usage by consolidating vaccine information sheets into a single use information sheet with quick response (QR) codes. We also share ideas for all workplaces to raise awareness of sustainability practices and to foster new ideas to address the climate crisis in both our professional and personal realms. These can help promote hope for the future and shift the collective mindset about climate action.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"96 2","pages":"261-265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/74/f6/yjbm_96_2_261.PMC10303259.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9757674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Planetary Benefit of Suspending USMLE Step 2 CS: Estimating Carbon Emissions Associated with US Medical Students' Travel to Testing Centers. 暂停USMLE的全球效益第二步CS:估计与美国医学生前往测试中心相关的碳排放

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.59249/BAOU9229

James R Sherpa, Laura Donahue, Jennifer Tsai, Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako

{"title":"The Planetary Benefit of Suspending USMLE Step 2 CS: Estimating Carbon Emissions Associated with US Medical Students' Travel to Testing Centers.","authors":"James R Sherpa, Laura Donahue, Jennifer Tsai, Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako","doi":"10.59249/BAOU9229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59249/BAOU9229","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The discontinuation of the Step 2 Clinical Skills Exam (CS) by the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) eliminated the need for personal travel to testing centers. The carbon emissions associated with CS have not been previously quantified. Objective: To estimate the annual carbon emissions generated by travel to CS Testing Centers (CSTCs) and to explore differences across geographic regions. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, observational study by geocoding medical schools and CSTCs to calculate the distance between them. We obtained data from the 2017 matriculant databases of the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) and the American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine (AACOM). The independent variable was the location as defined by USMLE geographic regions. The dependent variables were distance traveled to CSTCs and estimated carbon emissions in metric tons CO2 (mtCO2) calculated using three models. In model 1 all students used single occupancy vehicles; in model 2, all carpooled; and in model 3, half traveled by train and half by single occupancy vehicle. Results: Our analysis included 197 medical schools. The mean out-of-town travel distance was 280.67 miles (IQR: 97.49-383.42). The mtCO2 associated with travel was 2,807.46 for model 1; 3,135.55 for model 2; and 635.34 for model 3. The Western region traveled the farthest, while the Northeast traveled significantly less than other regions. Conclusion: The annual estimated carbon emissions from travel to CSTCs was approximately 3,000 mtCO2. Northeastern students traveled the shortest distances; the average US medical student expended 0.13 mtCO2. Medical leaders must consider the environmental impact of medical curricula and pursue accordant reforms.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"96 2","pages":"185-188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ce/8c/yjbm_96_2_185.PMC10303258.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10113859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heat and the Heart. 热与心。

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.59249/HGAL4894

Yash Desai, Haitham Khraishah, Barrak Alahmad

{"title":"Heat and the Heart.","authors":"Yash Desai, Haitham Khraishah, Barrak Alahmad","doi":"10.59249/HGAL4894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59249/HGAL4894","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, more people die from cardiovascular disease than any other cause. Extreme heat can have serious implications for heart health, especially in people with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions. In this review, we examined the relationship between heat and the leading causes of cardiovascular diseases as well as the proposed physiological mechanisms for the deleterious effect of heat on the heart. The body's response to high temperatures, including dehydration, increased metabolic demand, hypercoagulability, electrolyte imbalances, and systemic inflammatory response, can place a significant strain on the heart. Epidemiological studies showed that heat can result in ischemic heart disease, stroke, heart failure, and arrhythmia. However, targeted research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of hot temperatures on these main causes of cardiovascular disease. Meanwhile, the absence of clinical guidance on how to manage heart diseases during heat events highlights the need for cardiologists and other health professionals to lead the charge in addressing the critical relationship between a warming climate and health.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"96 2","pages":"197-203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b9/c4/yjbm_96_2_197.PMC10303253.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9757678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epigenetic Inheritance and Transgenerational Environmental Justice. 表观遗传与跨代环境正义。

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.59249/FKWS5176

Alexandra A Korolenko, Samantha E Noll, Michael K Skinner

{"title":"Epigenetic Inheritance and Transgenerational Environmental Justice.","authors":"Alexandra A Korolenko, Samantha E Noll, Michael K Skinner","doi":"10.59249/FKWS5176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59249/FKWS5176","url":null,"abstract":"Many chemicals and toxicants are released into our ecosystem and environment every day, which can cause harmful effects on human populations. Agricultural compounds are used in most crop production and have been shown to cause negative health impacts, including effects on reproduction and other pathologies. Although these chemicals can be helpful for pest and weed control, the compounds indirectly impact humans. Several compounds have been banned in the European Union but continue to be used in the United States. Recent work has shown most toxicants affect transgenerational generations more than the directly exposed generations through epigenetic inheritance. While some toxicants do not impact the directly exposed generation, the later generations that are transgenerational or ancestrally exposed suffer health impacts. Due to impacts to future generations, exposure becomes an environmental justice concern. The term \"environmental justice\" denotes the application of fair strategies when resolving unjust environmental contamination. Fair treatment means that no group should bear a disproportionate share of negative environmental consequences resulting from industrial, municipal, and commercial operations. This article illustrates how research on directly exposed generations is often prioritized over studies on transgenerational generations. However, research on the latter generations suggests the need to take environmental justice concerns seriously moving forward, as future generations could be unduly shouldering harms, while not enjoying benefits of production.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"96 2","pages":"241-250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/03/a4/yjbm_96_2_241.PMC10303257.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9811046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The predictors of occupationally related injury in employees of Pasteur Institute of Iran 伊朗巴斯德研究所职工职业相关伤害的预测因素

IF 2.7 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.17352/jbm.000037

Bashar Rouzbeh, Nayini Korosh Holakoyee, M. Ramin, Fazeli Maryam, Arab Masoumeh, qShabansalmani Nazanin

{"title":"The predictors of occupationally related injury in employees of Pasteur Institute of Iran","authors":"Bashar Rouzbeh, Nayini Korosh Holakoyee, M. Ramin, Fazeli Maryam, Arab Masoumeh, qShabansalmani Nazanin","doi":"10.17352/jbm.000037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/jbm.000037","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Needlestick Injuries (NSI) are a critical occupational risk for healthcare workers. Therefore, the present study investigated the incidence and risk factors of NSI among employees of the Pasteur Institute of Iran, one of the largest and oldest biological research institutes in the country, who are at high risk of occupational exposure to biological agents. Methods: This cross-sectional study included all personnel (565 individuals) of the Pasteur Institute of Iran. Participants answered some questions related to demographic and occupational characteristics as well as occupational exposure to blood and biological products, and occupational protection. Findings: A total of 448 questionnaires were completed. The mean age (SD) and work experience of the participants were 35.62 (9.20) and 9.72 (1.30) years, respectively. A total of 150 individuals had a history of NSI. The mean (SD) ages of participants with and without a history of NSV were 37.40 ± 9.03 and 34.41 ± 8.80 years, respectively (p < 0.001). The occurrence of NSI was related to work experience of more than five years and drinking, eating, or smoking while working. In addition, changing gloves while using the telephone was significantly related to reporting the occurrence of NSI to the department manager. Conclusion: Our findings indicated the relatively high frequency of NSI among the respondents. Despite the importance of personnel training, we did not find the occurrence of NSI or reporting it to be related to attending training courses. Hence, designing efficient preventive and protective measures requires the assessment of the attitudes of the mentioned institute’s personnel toward NSI and its prevention and management.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"135 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86298690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0