World Journal of Diabetes最新文献

{"title":"Microglial metabolic reprogramming: Aucubin inhibits aldose reductase to reverse diabetic neuropathic pain.","authors":"Bin Li","doi":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.110285","DOIUrl":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.110285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This letter critically comments on the article by Zheng <i>et al</i> investigating the role of aucubin in alleviating diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP). DNP arises from hyperglycaemia-induced nerve injury and microglial reprogramming toward aerobic glycolysis. Aldose reductase (also known as AKR1B1) redirects excess glucose flux through the polyol pathway, thus increasing oxidative stress and inflammation. Zheng <i>et al</i> show that aucubin, a plant iridoid glycoside, reverses streptozotocin-induced mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behaviour in mice. Mechanistically, aucubin restores microglial morphology, reduces glycolytic flux, enhances oxidative phosphorylation and lowers tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels in spinal tissue and cultures of the BV-2 microglial cell line. Network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses identify AKR1B1 as a key target, confirmed by the fact that short hairpin RNA knockdown of AKR1B1 eliminates the effects of aucubin. Contrary to the other studies, this study uniquely implicates the polyol pathway in microglial immunometabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":48607,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 8","pages":"110285"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prebiotic, probiotic, and postbiotic properties of fermented corn starch and their application in type 2 diabetes management.","authors":"Lemohang Gumenku, Ochuko Lucky Erukainure, Md Shahidul Islam, Ademola O Olaniran","doi":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.107775","DOIUrl":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.107775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fermented corn starch has emerged as a promising functional food due to its triad of gut biotics, prebiotic, probiotic, and postbiotic properties, which present significant potential for the management of type 2 diabetes through gut microbiota modulation. During fermentation, microbial activity alters the starch matrix, enhancing the production of bioactive compounds such as resistant starch, isomalto-oligosaccharides, and resistant dextrin, which improve insulin sensitivity, reduce inflammation, and support glycemic control. Additionally, fermented corn starch harbors beneficial microbial strains including <i>Lactiplantibacillus fermentum</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium breve</i>, and <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, which reinforce gut barrier integrity, stimulate incretin secretion, and suppress systemic inflammation. Postbiotic metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, exopolysaccharides, and bacteriocins further contribute to glucose homeostasis through immune modulation and gut hormone regulation. Despite its promise, the clinical translation of fermented corn starch is limited by safety concerns (<i>e.g.</i>, contamination with pathogens or mycotoxins), lack of standardized fermentation protocols, and a scarcity of targeted studies. This review synthesizes current evidence on the antidiabetic potential of fermented corn starch, advocating for its integration into precision nutrition approaches and supporting further research to address safety and standardization challenges in functional food development.</p>","PeriodicalId":48607,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 8","pages":"107775"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Troxerutin improves diabetic cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting mitochondrial fission mediated by transient receptor potential melastatin 7/calcineurin/dynamin-related protein 1^ser637.","authors":"Jie Li, Ming Gao, Jia-Xin Wang, Hong-Yan Li, Pin Wang, Fang Yuan, Ai-Jing Liu, Song-Yun Zhang","doi":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.106833","DOIUrl":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.106833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic cognitive dysfunction (DCD) is one of the chronic complications of diabetes, but its mechanism is currently unknown. Studies have shown that mitochondrial fission mediated by calcium overload is an important mechanism of DCD. Blocking calcium overload and restoring calcium homeostasis are key steps in treatment. Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) is a novel player in causing calcium overload. Our previous studies have shown that genetic silencing of TRPM7 in type 1 diabetic rats leads to significant improvements in cognitive function, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Troxerutin, extracted from the flowers of Sophora japonica, is one of the derivatives of rutin and has been shown to have neuroprotective effects. However, its association with TRPM7 remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To use animal and cellular models, we investigated whether TRPM7 mediated mitochondrial fission by upregulation of calcineurin (CaN)/dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)^ser637 in DCD, and whether Troxerutin improved DCD by inhibiting TRPM7-mediated mitochondrial division.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we used db/db mice and hippocampal neuronal cell lines (HT22) treated with high-concentration glucose as our study subjects. We evaluated cognitive function using Morris water maze, novel object recognition tasks, and Nesting tests. We observed mitochondrial morphology using transmission electron microscopy and measured mitochondrial energy metabolism indicators using a spectrophotometer. We also detected mRNA and protein expression of TRPM7, CaN, p-Drp1^ser637, caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X protein, and B-cell lymphoma 2 using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the db/db diabetic mice with cognitive dysfunction, as well as in hippocampal neurons exposed to high-concentration glucose, TRPM7 and CaN expression were upregulated, phosphorylated Drp1^ser637 expression was downregulated, and mitochondrial fission was increased. By modulating (inhibiting or overexpressing) TRPM7, it was further validated that TRPM7 activates the CaN/Drp1^ser637 pathway, resulting in an increase in mitochondrial fission and neuronal cell apoptosis. Troxerutin downregulated TRPM7/CaN/Drp1^ser637, reduced mitochondrial fission, and improved DCD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TRPM7 promotes mitochondrial fission <i>via</i> the CaN/Drp1^ser637 pathway. Troxerutin improves mitochondrial function and reduces neuronal damage by inhibiting this pathway, suggesting TRPM7 as a potential therapeutic target for DCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48607,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 8","pages":"106833"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital health for rural diabetes care: Implementation experience from China and India.","authors":"Alon Rasooly, David Beran, Peng-Peng Ye, Surabhi Joshi, Xue-Jun Yin, Nikhil Tandon, Rui-Tai Shao","doi":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.107733","DOIUrl":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.107733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes affects an estimated 828 million people globally, with approximately 44% living in China and India. Rural residents with diabetes in these countries face significant challenges in access to care. Although digital health interventions are increasingly used to reach underserved populations, considerable knowledge gaps exist. This mini-review presents the first comparative analysis of digital health implementations for diabetes care in rural China and India, comprising clinical decision support tools, telemedicine, and mobile health applications. The review examines how their distinct health system structures influence technology adoption and clinical outcomes. China's hierarchical administrative structure facilitates standardized nationwide platforms with consistent protocols, while India's federal system enables diverse localized innovations that accommodate regional diversity. Cluster-randomized trials for digital health tools in rural China show significant improvements in glycemic control. In India, interventions examined in this review were associated with improved health behaviors and medication adherence. Both countries demonstrate that digital interventions leveraging existing social structures and co-created with stakeholders yield better outcomes than standard care approaches. This analysis provides actionable insights for policymakers globally while identifying valuable opportunities for knowledge exchange between these two nations that together are home to nearly half of all people living with diabetes worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":48607,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 8","pages":"107733"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and mechanistic insights of ubiquitin-proteasome system and pyroptosis-related biomarkers in type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Xiao-Jing Yuan, Zi-Chen Zhang, Jie Li, Shan-Dong Ye, Wan Zhou","doi":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.104879","DOIUrl":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.104879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pyroptosis and ubiquitination have been identified as key processes influencing the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the genes associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and pyroptosis in type 2 DM (T2DM), and elucidate their mechanisms of action in T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The datasets GSE76894, GSE41762, and GSE86469 were utilized in this study. UPS-related genes (UPSGs) and pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) were obtained from existing literature. Differential expression analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). DEGs were intersected with UPSGs and PRGs to identify differentially expressed UPSGs and PRGs. Ubiquitin-pyroptosis-related biomarkers were determined using Spearman's correlation, <i>t</i>-tests, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Pathway enrichment of biomarkers was assessed using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Single sample GSEA (ssGSEA) and Spearman's correlation were used to analyze the relationship between biomarkers and immune cells. A competitive endogenous RNA network was constructed. Subsequently, drugs related to the biomarkers were identified and a gene-drug network was established. In dataset GSE86469, single-cell sequencing was utilized to determine cell types. Finally, the expression levels of biomarkers were validated through quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 581 DEGs were identified in GSE76894. Four genes [ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 8 (<i>ABCC8</i>), retinol binding protein 4 (<i>RBP4</i>), Ras protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 (<i>RASGRF1</i>), and solute carrier family 34 member 2 (<i>SLC34A2</i>)] were identified as ubiquitin-pyroptosis-related biomarkers in T2DM, based on consistent expression trends and significant differences in GSE76894 and GSE41762. These biomarkers were enriched in oxidative phosphorylation and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways, which are relevant to DM. ssGSEA revealed significant differences in the enrichment scores of nine immune cell types between groups. A total of 17 microRNAs (miRNAs) and 36 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were identified, forming numerous miRNA-lncRNA interactions. Additionally, 22 drugs related to the biomarkers, such as gliclazide and tretinoin, were identified. In GSE86469, eight cell types, including alpha and beta cells, were characterized. qPCR and western blot analysis confirmed that the expression trends of RASGRF1 and SLC34A2 were consistent with the findings in GSE76894.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified four ubiquitin-pyroptosis-related biomarkers (<i>ABCC8</i>, <i>RBP4</i>, <i>RASGRF1</i>, and <i>SLC34A2</i>) in T2DM through bioinformatics analysis, providing novel insights into the diagnosis and treatment of T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":48607,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 8","pages":"104879"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological predictors of diabetic ketoacidosis in children: Health belief model-based case-control study.","authors":"Nawal Alissa, Sara Al Zahrani","doi":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.110088","DOIUrl":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.110088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) remains a serious and potentially preventable complication among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), particularly in Saudi Arabia. Psychological constructs such as perceived severity and susceptibility influence health behaviour, yet their role in pediatric diabetes management remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine psychological predictors of DKA in children with T1DM using the health belief model, and to assess the role of caregiver-perceived understanding in influencing adherence and DKA occurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted at Prince Sultan Military Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, involving 191 caregivers of children with T1DM (96 cases with a history of DKA and 95 controls without). Validated questionnaires measured perceived severity, susceptibility, understanding, and adherence. Statistical analyses included independent <i>t</i>-tests, Pearson and Spearman correlations, and multiple regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Perceived understanding was the strongest predictor of adherence (β = 1.03, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and was inversely associated with DKA occurrence (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Children without a DKA history had significantly higher levels of perceived understanding and adherence. Perceived severity had a moderate positive association with adherence, while perceived susceptibility showed a weak negative correlation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Caregiver-perceived understanding plays a critical role in adherence and DKA prevention. These findings support expanding the health belief model to include perceived understanding as a distinct construct and highlight the importance of integrating comprehension-focused strategies into pediatric diabetes education.</p>","PeriodicalId":48607,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 8","pages":"110088"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rheb1 as a novel β-cell regulator connecting mTORC1, AMPK, and NOTCH1 pathways for efficient diabetes therapy.","authors":"Mostafa M Gouda","doi":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.108310","DOIUrl":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.108310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial comments on the study by Yang <i>et al</i>, emphasizing the Ras homolog enriched in brain 1 (Rheb1) core function in restoring functional β-cell mass in diabetes, as crucial for β-cell proliferation and survival. It has been revealed that Rheb1 promotes β-cell regeneration through a dual pathway, activating mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 and simultaneously inhibiting AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Blocking mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 while stimulating AMPK was necessary to halt β-cell expansion, challenging traditional single-target approaches. Rheb1 also supported β-cell identity by triggering neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 signaling and interacting with hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha, linked to maturity-onset diabetes of the young 1. An age-related decline of Rheb1 in human islets suggests its role in diminished regenerative capacity in adulthood. These findings make Rheb1 a promising therapeutic target for rejuvenating β-cells by linking nutrient sensing and energy regulation. Focusing on Rheb1 could alter diabetes treatment, merging proliferation with identity preservation for next-generation therapies. The gaps and translational opportunities, from Rheb1 modulators to biomarkers, were emphasized, advocating for interdisciplinary collaboration to maximize this pathway for positive clinical outcomes. Additional studies are needed to thoroughly investigate AMPK's involvement in the Rheb1 metabolic biomarker associated with brain health and its possible therapeutic benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":48607,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 8","pages":"108310"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the seasonality and incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus: A nationwide cohort study.","authors":"Lior Carmon, Yoav Bachar, Amit S Babiev, Itai Hazn, Eli Hershkovitz, David Shaki, Neta Loewenthal, Alon Haim, Guy Hazan","doi":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.108724","DOIUrl":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.108724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease with a multifactorial pathogenesis. Viral infections have been proposed as contributing triggers, supported by the disease's seasonal pattern, which typically shows higher incidence in autumn and winter. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated lockdowns created a unique context to examine the incidence and seasonality of T1DM during a period characterized by reduced circulation of common viral infections.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the incidence and seasonality of T1DM before and during COVID-19 pandemic in relation to global viral infection rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based retrospective study utilized a nationwide computerized database. Extracted data included the number of new T1DM cases over the 8 years preceding and during the COVID-19 pandemic, demographic characteristics of affected individuals, and nationwide respiratory virus polymerase chain reaction data from weekly nasal wash sample collections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2176 patients were diagnosed with new-onset T1DM during the pre-pandemic period, compared to 348 cases during the pandemic. In the same periods, 33727 respiratory virus-positive polymerase chain reaction results from nasal wash samples were recorded pre-pandemic, compared to 2603 during the pandemic. Additionally, 363399 positive COVID-19 cases were reported during the pandemic period. Seasonality analysis revealed a higher rate of new-onset T1DM cases and a weaker seasonal pattern during the pandemic. Trend analysis showed a consistent increase in T1DM incidence prior to COVID-19, with a more variable trend observed during the pandemic. Correlation analysis between T1DM incidence and respiratory viruses demonstrated a weak correlation between T1DM incidence and a few respiratory viruses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The observed increase in new-onset T1DM cases and the disruption of its typical seasonal pattern during the COVID-19 pandemic suggest a potential association between respiratory virus exposure and the development of T1DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":48607,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 8","pages":"108724"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of dietary index for gut microbiota and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes.","authors":"Zheng Wang, Fa-Chao Shi, Shan-Bing Hou, Quan-Quan Sun, Cao-Yang Fang","doi":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.107111","DOIUrl":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.107111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) demonstrates associations with diabetes prevalence and related mortality outcomes, serving as a nutritional assessment tool for microbial community evaluation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate connections between DI-GM values and survival endpoints in populations with impaired glucose metabolism, incorporating both total mortality and cardiovascular-related fatal events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cox proportional hazards modeling through survival analysis evaluated the relationship between DI-GM quartile classifications and fatal event probabilities. Restricted cubic spline modeling evaluated non-linear associations between continuous DI-GM values and mortality endpoints. Stratified analyses and robustness checks ensured the validity of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher DI-GM values showed a statistically significant negative correlation with total mortality risk [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.93-1.00] and cardiovascular-related fatal outcomes (HR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.87-0.99). When comparing quartiles, analysis indicated that participants in the upper quartile (Q4) had 17% decreased likelihood of all-cause death (HR = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.69-0.99) and 25% lower probability of cardiovascular mortality (HR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.54-1.00) relative to those in the lowest quartile (Q1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings position DI-GM as a protective determinant against mortality in glucose metabolism disorders. Dietary pattern optimization targeting DI-GM enhancement could constitute a strategic intervention in diabetes care protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":48607,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 7","pages":"107111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic immune indicators: Early predictors of renal damage in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Basavraj S Nagoba, Ajay M Gavkare, Neeta Nanaware, Sachin S Mumbre, Sachin Bhavthankar","doi":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.108209","DOIUrl":"10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.108209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial delves into the potential of systemic immune indicators (SIIs) as early predictors of renal damage in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus. By exploring the recent study published by Cao <i>et al</i>, this article aims to highlight the importance of early detection and intervention. This study comprehensively analyzes various SIIs, examining their correlation with renal complications in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic children. The findings reveal a significant association between immune system dysregulation and the onset of renal damage, suggesting that certain immune indicators can be early markers for predicting renal complications. This editorial emphasizes the clinical implications and applications of utilizing SIIs for early detection in pediatric diabetes care. It underscores the importance of innovative diagnostic approaches and illustrates real-world applications and outcomes. Additionally, it addresses the challenges and considerations in adopting these indicators and outlines future research directions to enhance diabetes management in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":48607,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 7","pages":"108209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}