Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Combined Positive Score and Cisplatin Sensitivity Are Prognostic Factors for Response to Nivolumab Therapy for Recurrent Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck.","authors":"Hiroaki Iijima, Akihiro Sakai, Koji Ebisumoto, Go Ogura, Mayu Yamauchi, Takanobu Teramura, Aritomo Yamazaki, Takane Watanabe, Toshihide Inagi, Ryoko Yanagiya, Ai Yamamoto, Hiroshi Ashida, Yoshiyuki Ota, Yurina Sato, Naoya Kobayashi, Daisuke Maki, Naoya Nakamura, Kenji Okami","doi":"10.1177/11795549241290030","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241290030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/MHNSCC) is a challenging malignancy with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) targeting the programmed cell death/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway, has emerged as a promising therapy for these patients. However, identifying biomarkers predictive of response to nivolumab remains critical for optimizing treatment strategies. Previous studies have suggested that PD-L1 expression, as determined by the Combined Positive Score (CPS) and other clinical factors, may influence treatment outcome. This study aims to retrospectively examine whether CPS can be a biomarker by staining PD-L1 with 22 C3 antibody in R/MHNSCC patients treated with nivolumab.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of R/MHNSCC patients treated with ICIs at Tokai University Hospital from April 2017 to December 2022. We examined the relationship between response rate to ICI therapy, PD-L1 staining, biomarkers, and survival. Statistical analyses included <i>t</i>-test, chi-square test, and Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 92 nivolumab-treated patients. Combined Positive Score was evaluable in 53 of these patients. Patients with a CPS of 15 or higher had better progression-free survival (PFS) (<i>P</i> = .0171), with a median PFS) of 13 months. In the Various Definitions analysis, cisplatin-sensitive patients also had good PFS (<i>P</i> = .0295). The cisplatin-sensitive patient population with a CPS of 15 or higher had the best PFS, with a median of 14 months (<i>P</i> = .006). There was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) by CPS value. Immune-related adverse events did not affect OS or PFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CPS ⩾ 15 and cisplatin sensitivity are promising prognostic markers for nivolumab therapy in R/MHNSCC. Considering these biomarkers in patient selection could maximize the therapeutic benefits of nivolumab. This finding may help to optimize ICI therapy strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241290030"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11490953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Clinical Implications of RPL3 Presence in BRCA-Associated Cancers: Unraveling the Interplay With Cancer Immunity.","authors":"Linyi Wang, Minlong Chen, Zhaosheng Ma, Hanqian Zeng, Bojian Xie, Shiwen Xu","doi":"10.1177/11795549241285387","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241285387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Few studies have explored the expression profile of RPL3 in breast cancer (BRCA). Our research provided an in-depth analysis of RPL3 expression patterns in BRCA, highlighting its significance for therapy prediction and prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RPL3 was notably elevated in malignant cells, and its expression level was closely associated with tumor size and overall survival outcomes. Our study also identified RPL3-related terms and pathways and revealed a strong correlation between RPL3 expression and breast carcinoma immunity, demonstrating inconsistent expression levels in various immune cell lines. In addition, we examined the relationship between RPL3 expression and tumor mutational burden (TMB) in BRCA. To assess the clinical implications of BRCA chemotherapy, we investigated the correlation between RPL3 expression levels and drug sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings suggest that RPL3 plays a critical role in the BRCA process and is associated with immune infiltration, indicating its potential as a novel immunotherapy target in BRCA treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In summary, our research underscores the importance of RPL3 expression levels in tumorigenesis and its potential for guiding BRCA immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241285387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11488323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Data Presenting the Descriptive Analysis of the Use of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) Among Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (mNSCLC) Patients in Qatar: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Rawan Dawoud, Harman Saman, Kakil Rasul, Farah Jibril, Arwa Sahal, Randa Al-Okka, Yaser Mahfouz, Nabil E Omar, Anas Hamad, Reyad Mohsen, Aladdin Kanbour, Naim Battikh, Prem Chandra, Shereen Elazzazy","doi":"10.1177/11795549241272490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241272490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There has been significant improvement in treating metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) over the past 2 decades. The aim of this study is to describe the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in Qatar. This study focuses on the objective response rate (ORR) and reported adverse drug events (ADEs) of TKIs used for the management of patients with mNSCLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a descriptive retrospective cohort study. All non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutations who received TKIs between 2015 and 2019 in Qatar were included. The TKIs used during this period include EGFR inhibitors such as afatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, and osimertinib and ALK inhibitors such as alectinib and crizotinib. The response on each TKI was identified by reporting the ORR (as the sum of the complete response [CR] and the partial response [PR]), in addition stable disease (SD) and disease progression (DP) were reported. While ADEs were reported using the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 63 patients were included, of which 36 cases (57.1%) expressed EGFR mutation, and 27 patients (42.9%) expressed ALK rearrangement. The ORR in EGFR inhibitors was as follows: osimertinib 40%, gefitinib 33%, afatinib 22%, and erlotinib 18%. However, the response to the ALK-targeted therapy was 43% with alectinib and 40% with crizotinib. A total of 112 ADEs were reported. They were distributed as 63.4% (71 of 112) with the anti-EGFR and 36.6% (41 of 112) ADEs with the ALK inhibitors. In the anti-EGFR group, the most common types of ADEs were dermatological toxicity 30%, whereas, in the anti-ALK group, gastrointestinal toxicity was the most common (29%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The EGFR-targeted and ALK-targeted therapies appear to have acceptable clinical response rate and safety profile in our population. Close and frequent monitoring of adverse events is advised to ensure a good quality of life and prevent serious complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241272490"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11481063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison and Analysis of Clinical Features of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Complicated With Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.","authors":"Ke Zheng, Jingxin Mao","doi":"10.1177/11795549241287085","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241287085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) combined with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is more common in clinical practice, maybe posing a serious threat to the health of patients. It is uncertain whether HT is a risk factor or protective factor for PTC. The aim of the study was to retrospectively explore the effect of HT on the biological behavior of PTC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 200 patients were included in the study. Among them, 100 patients with PTC without HT were in the control group (PTC group), and 100 cases diagnosed as PTC with HT were in the experimental group (HT + PTC group). The following data were counted and analyzed, respectively: (1) the basic clinicopathologic characteristics of patients; (2) postoperative thyroid function indicators; (3) blood biochemical indicators; (4) liver function indicators; and (5) histopathological report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the PTC group, women were predominant in the PTC + HT group (<i>P</i> < .05). In addition, the central lymph node metastasis rate, the number of cervical lymph node metastases, and the lateral cervical lymph node metastasis rate were significantly decreased (<i>P</i> < .05). Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) of the thyroid function index were significantly increased, while the thyroglobulin (TG) value was significantly decreased (<i>P</i> < .05). The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level of the liver function index was significantly decreased, while the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level was significantly increased (<i>P</i> < .05). In the pathological examination, a large number of mononuclear cells infiltrated in the lymphocyte follicular stroma. In an ultrasound examination, the boundary definition rate is lower.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women may be more susceptible to PTC or PTC and HT than men. Patients under 55 years old accounted for a larger proportion in PTC + HT than PTC. Hashimoto thyroiditis may play an inhibitory role in the occurrence of PTC, and the presence of HT is a protective factor for PTC.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241287085"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11489922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pivotal Role of Cranial Irradiation-Induced Peripheral, Intrinsic, and Brain-Engrafting Macrophages in Malignant Glioma.","authors":"Seidu A Richard, Sagor Kumar Roy, Emmanuel Akomanin Asiamah","doi":"10.1177/11795549241282098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241282098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malignant (high-grade) gliomas are aggressive intrinsic brain tumors that diffusely infiltrate the brain parenchyma. They comprise of World Health Organization (WHO) grade III and IV gliomas. Ionizing radiation or irradiation (IR) is frequently utilized in the treatment of both primary as well as metastatic brain tumors. On the contrary, macrophages (MΦ) are the most copious infiltrating immune cells of all the different cell types colonizing glioma. MΦ at tumor milieu are referred to as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMΦ). In malignant gliomas milieu, TAMΦ are also polarized into two distinct phenotypes such as M1 TAMΦ or M2 TAMΦ, which are capable of inhibiting or promoting tumor growth, respectively. Cranial-IR such as x- and γ-IR are sufficient to induce the migration of peripherally derived MΦ into the brain parenchyma. The IR facilitate a more immunosuppressive milieu via the stimulation of efferocytosis in TAMΦ, and an upsurge of tumor cell engulfment by TAMΦ exhibited detrimental effect of the anti-tumoral immune response in glioma. The MΦ inside the tumor mass are associated with multiple phenomena that include IR resistance and enrichment of the M2 MΦ after IR is able to facilitate glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) recurrence. Reviews on the role of cranial IR-induced peripheral and brain-engrafting macrophages (BeMΦ) in glioma are lacking. Specifically, most studies on peripheral, intrinsic as well as beMΦ on IR focus on WHO grade III and IV. Thus, this review precisely focuses primary on WHO grade III as well as IV gliomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241282098"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11483687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Mechanism of Action of Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 5 and Its Inhibitors in Tumors.","authors":"Jie Wang, Shizhen Fang, Yang Jiang, Qingquan Hua","doi":"10.1177/11795549241281932","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241281932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 (USP5), a member of the ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) family, functions by specifically removing ubiquitin chains from target proteins for stabilization and degrading unbound polyubiquitin chains to maintain a steady-state monoubiquitin pool. Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 regulates various cellular activities, including DNA double-strand break repair, transmission of neuropathic and inflammatory pain signals, immune response, and tumor cell proliferation. Furthermore, USP5 is involved in the development of multiple tumors such as liver, lung, pancreatic, and breast cancers as well as melanoma. Downstream regulatory mechanisms associated with USP5 are complex and diverse. Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 has been revealed as an emerging target for tumor treatment. This study has introduced some molecules upstream to control the expression of USP5 at the levels of transcription, translation, and post-translation. Furthermore, the study incorporated inhibitors known to be associated with USP5, including partially selective deubiquitinase (DUB) inhibitors such as WP1130, EOAI3402143, vialinin A, and chalcone derivatives. It also included the ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 inhibitor, PYR-41. These small molecule inhibitors impact the occurrence and development of various tumors. Therefore, this article comprehensively reviews the pivotal role of USP5 in different signaling pathways during tumor progression and resumes the progress made in developing USP5 inhibitors, providing a theoretical foundation for their clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241281932"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Continuity and Bone Marrow Suppression in Whole-Brain and Whole-Spinal Cord Radiotherapy for Medulloblastoma Patients.","authors":"Zongtai Li, Zhiyue Lin, Hui Liu, Runnan Xiao, Chuyan Lin, Wenlong Zhu, Jiaxiu Luo, Senku Xu, Feng Chi, Huilang He","doi":"10.1177/11795549241286431","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241286431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigated the factors influencing treatment continuity and bone marrow suppression in whole-brain and whole-spinal cord radiotherapy for medulloblastoma, providing a clinical reference for mitigating the impact of hematological suppression on radiotherapy continuity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with medulloblastoma who underwent craniospinal irradiation (CSI) radiotherapy at our hospital between August 2019 and December 2023. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 87 patients were enrolled. The bone marrow suppression status, clinical data, and radiotherapy dose data of the enrolled patients were recorded, and correlation analyses were performed. Based on the correlation results, further group comparisons were subsequently conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 22.99% (20 out of 87) of the patients experienced treatment interruption (median duration, 6.5 [5, 8] days), typically during the 12th (7.5, 14.75) radiotherapy session. Treatment continuity was weakly correlated with age and treatment modality, and the timing of interruptions was weakly correlated with dosage and treatment modality. Bone marrow suppression severity was weakly correlated with age, body mass index (BMI), and treatment modality. Treatment modality and age were found to be independent predictors of treatment continuity and the degree of bone marrow suppression, respectively. Subgroup comparisons revealed differences in the severity of bone marrow suppression, grade of hematological toxicity, and timing of interruption depending on the treatment modality, dosage, and sex (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Timely monitoring of hematological changes, especially in the middle and posterior segments after radiotherapy, is crucial. Treatment with helical tomotherapy, male sex, younger age, and lower BMI during radiotherapy are indicators of greater clinical attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241286431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11456176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Active Trend of Immunotherapy Combination Regimen as Second-Line Therapy Towards Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer.","authors":"Haimin Weng, Pengfei Zeng, Yuemiao Chen, Qi Xu, Jieer Ying","doi":"10.1177/11795549241272469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241272469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a second-line therapy, oxaliplatin/fluorouracil/leucovorin (FOLFOX) remains the standard of care for patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC); however, its efficacy is suboptimal. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether, compared with chemotherapy alone, the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combination regimen improved the overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced BTC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with advanced BTC who received chemotherapy or ICI combination therapy as second-line (L2) treatment between January 1, 2018, and April 1, 2022, were retrospectively identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 98 patients with BTCs were reviewed and recruited: the chemotherapy group (cohort A, n = 40), the chemotherapy plus ICIs group (cohort B, n = 27), and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKIs) plus ICIs group (cohort C, n = 31). The median progression-free survival (PFS) and median OS were 2.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7-4.2) and 7.8 months (95% CI: 5.9-12.0) for cohort A, 4.3 months (95% CI: 2.9-8.4) and 10.9 months (95% CI: 7.67-NA) for cohort B, 5.1 months (95% CI: 4.0-8.3) and 10.1 months (95% CI: 8.23-NA) for cohort C, respectively. The confirmed overall response rates were 7.5% (3/40, cohort A), 22.2% (6/27, cohort B), and 19.4% (6/31, cohort C), whereas the disease control rates were 47.5% (19/40, cohort A), 77.8% (21/27, cohort B), and 77.4% (24/31, cohort C). Grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse reaction were reported in 20.0% (cohort A), 37.0% (cohort B), and 41.9% (cohort C) of the patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ICI combination strategy beyond first-line (L1) systemic chemotherapy plays a positive role in advanced BTCs. Both TKIs plus ICIs and chemotherapy plus ICIs could be considered candidates for trials and applied as competitive L2 treatment regimens for advanced BTCs in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241272469"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11483792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Albumin as a Prognostic Biomarker for Febrile Neutropenia Outcome and Complications: A Prospective Observational Trial.","authors":"Jelena Dimitrijević, Marina Čalamać, Ognjen Đurmez, Danijela Krstić, Marko Stojanović","doi":"10.1177/11795549241281330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241281330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Febrile neutropenia (FN) poses a significant challenge in cancer treatment, with a high incidence among patients undergoing standard therapies. Predicting FN complications and outcomes remains crucial for improving patient management strategies. Biomarkers, including procalcitonin and albumin, have garnered attention for their potential prognostic value in FN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective observational study at a tertiary hospital, enrolling 185 adult cancer patients experiencing FN episodes. We assessed serum albumin levels and incorporated them into the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) risk index to enhance risk stratification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum albumin levels displayed promising prognostic utility in febrile neutropenia (FN). They exhibited moderate specificity and sensitivity in predicting mortality during FN and 28-day mortality. Serum albumin levels were significantly associated with gastrointestinal infections, serving as an independent predictor. Integrating serum albumin into the MASCC risk index improved predictive accuracy for FN mortality by 50%, 28-day mortality by 66.67%, and respiratory tract infections by 62.50%, enhancing in this way risk stratification for FN-related complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum albumin emerges as a promising biomarker for prognostication in FN, complementing existing risk assessment frameworks. Its incorporation into the MASCC risk index enhances predictive capabilities, aiding clinicians in identifying high-risk patients promptly. While albumin shows potential in predicting mortality and complications, further research is warranted to optimize sensitivity and specificity, ensuring its clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241281330"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11423384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SNAI2 as a Prognostic Biomarker Based on Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Tian-Tian Li, Qing-Gang Hao, Zhao-Wei Teng, Yuan Liu, Jia-Fan Wu, Jun Zhang, Li-Rong Yang","doi":"10.1177/11795549241280506","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241280506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common type of malignant tumor with therapeutic challenges. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote LUAD growth and metastasis, regulate the tumor immune response, and influence tumor treatment responses and drug resistance. However, the molecular mechanisms through which CAFs control LUAD progression are largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the correlations between CAF-related genes and overall survival (OS) in patients with LUAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We acquired the gene expression data and clinical information of 522 patients with LUAD patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and 442 patients with LUAD from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. CAF infiltration levels were assessed using the Microenvironment Cell Population (MCP) counter, the Estimating the Proportions of Immune and Cancer cells (EPIC) algorithm, and Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) scores. A CAF-related gene network was constructed using the Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Based on the CAF-related genes, univariate Cox regression and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic genes. Gene expression levels within the prognostic model were validated using the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) databases and Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results demonstrated that high CAF scores were associated with lower survival rates in patients with LUAD. Gene modules that were highly correlated with high CAF scores were closely associated with tissue characteristics and extracellular matrix structures in LUAD. In addition, correlations between CAF scores and responses to immunotherapy and chemotherapy were observed. Finally, we found that SNAI2 expression was higher in lung cancer tissues than in normal tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deepening our understanding of the influence of CAFs on tumor progression and treatment response at the molecular level can aid the development of more effective therapeutic strategies. This study provides important insights into the functional mechanisms of action of CAFs in LUAD and highlights their clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241280506"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}