Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology最新文献

{"title":"High Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index Values Before Treatment Predict Poor Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes After Definitive Chemoradiotherapy.","authors":"Erkan Topkan, Ahmet Kucuk, Duriye Ozturk, Emine Elif Ozkan, Nilüfer Kılıç Durankuş, Şükran Şenyürek, Ugur Selek, Berrin Pehlivan","doi":"10.1177/11795549241298552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241298552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is an effective tool for predicting the prognosis of patients with cancer. However, its value in patients with locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (LA-PDAC) undergoing definitive chemoradiotherapy has yet to be addressed. Therefore, we aimed to retrospectively investigate the prognostic significance of the pretreatment SII on the survival outcomes of patients with unresectable LA-PDAC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (C-CRT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 163 patients with LA-PDAC who had received C-CRT. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the utility of a pre-C-CRT cutoff that could stratify survival results was investigated. The primary and secondary endpoints were the correlations between SII levels and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At a median follow-up period of 15 months (range: 3.2-94.5), the median OS and PFS rates for the entire group were 15.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.4-17.9), and 7.8 months (95% CI: 6.1-9.4), respectively. We divided the patients into 2 SII cohorts based on the ROC curve analysis (area under the curve [AUC]: 71.9%; sensitivity: 68.9%; specificity: 66.7%): SII < 538 (N = 70) and SII ⩾ 538 (N = 93). Comparative survival analysis showed significantly inferior median OS (13.0 vs 25.4 months; <i>P</i> < .001) and PFS (7.0 vs 15.2 months; <i>P</i> = .003) in patients with SII ⩾ 538 compared with those with SII < 538 before treatment. In multivariate analyses, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance of 2, N1-2 lymph node, CA 19-9 > 90 U/mL, and SII ⩾ 538 status emerged as independent prognosticators of inferior OS and PFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Present results indicate that patients with unresectable LA-PDAC who underwent C-CRT and had a pretreatment SII ⩾ 538 had significantly worse OS and PFS outcomes compared with those with lower SII values.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241298552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adhesion Reduction Agent Guardix-SG^® Versus MegaShield^® for Postoperative Swallowing Function Analysis in Thyroidectomy Patients.","authors":"Hye Kyoung Lee, Jihye Hwang, Seongmoon Jo, Jin Kyong Kim, Cho Rok Lee, Sang-Wook Kang, Kee-Hyun Nam, Sung-Rae Cho","doi":"10.1177/11795549241271715","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241271715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antiadhesion products are essential for postoperative care in patients after thyroidectomy by providing a physical barrier to cover the exposed tissue and thus preventing abnormal adhesion of adjacent tissues. Since thyroidectomy may result in swallowing difficulties arising from damage or inflammation of the surrounding tissues, the use of antiadhesion agents such as MegaShield^® or Guardix-SG^® will help reduce scar formation. This may thus improve postoperative swallowing function in patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were enrolled and followed up between October 4, 2018, and March 26, 2020. Patients during the postoperative follow-up sessions were randomly allocated to the standard care with Guardix-SG^® and clinical trial medical device application group with MegaShield^® (test group) in a 1:1 ratio by the permuted block randomization method. Patient performance on penetration aspiration scale (PAS), National Institutes of Health-Swallow Safety Scale (NIH-SSS), videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale (VDS), Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity (DIGEST) based on Videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) were collected. Nonadhesion-reducing agent patient data were used as a control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistical significance was shown (<i>P</i> > .05) between the 2 groups of MegaShield^® and Guardix-SG^® in various phases from thick semisolid, thin semisolid to liquid for both PAS and NIH-SSS. Several statistical significances were reported in the results comparing various criteria of PAS, NIH-SSS, VDS at different oral and pharyngeal phases, and DIGEST in all 3 stages among MegaShield^®, Guardix-SG^®, and nonadhesion-reducing agent group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results prove the noninferiority of MegaShield^® compared with Guardix-SG^® as an antiadhesion agent in postthyroidectomy care.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241271715"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11539078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of <i>DNMT3B</i> and <i>PARP1</i> Genes Expression in Cytogenetically Normal Acute Myeloid Leukemia.","authors":"Hager A Mahmoud, Shahira Ka Botros, Abdelhamid Mohamed Fouad, Mahmoud M Kamel, Rania S Abdel Aziz","doi":"10.1177/11795549241295649","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241295649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a heterogeneous molecular profile, clinical presentations, and response to treatments and outcomes. DNA methylation is conducted by DNA methyltransferases including DNMT3B. Poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 belongs to a family of enzymes that mediate important cellular processes including DNA repair, transcription, and cell death/cell proliferation, and it is involved in the development, spread, treatment, and prognosis of some cancers. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of <i>PARP1</i> and <i>DNMT3B</i> genes expression on laboratory characteristics, response to treatment and survival in Egyptian cytogenetically normal AML patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 67 Egyptian CN-AML patients in addition to 8 healthy bone marrow donors. Measurement of <i>DNMT3B</i> and <i>PARP1</i> gene expression was done on bone marrow samples via real-time semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Expression of both <i>DNMT3B</i> and <i>PARP1</i> genes was significantly upregulated in AML (<i>P</i> = .001, <i>P</i> = .036, respectively). Upregulated <i>DNMT3B</i> was associated with higher total leukocyte count (TLC), PB, and BM blast cell%. Also, upregulated <i>PARP1</i> correlated with higher TLC, PB, and BM blast cell%. High expression of both <i>DNMT3B</i> and <i>PARP1</i> correlated with greater frequencies of <i>FLT3-ITD</i>. High <i>DNMT3B</i> expression, and combined upregulation of both <i>PARP1</i> and <i>DNMT3B</i> genes associated significantly with ELN stratification. But no correlation was found with response (CR), overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), or event-free survival (EFS).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight the importance of considering <i>DNMT3B</i> and <i>PARP1</i> expression levels as potential prognostic biomarkers for progression and aggressiveness of CN-AML patients in AML. Assessing their expression levels could be an indicator to guide treatment decisions and potentially improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241295649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 14-Year Analysis of Breast Cancer Risk Factors and Its Determinants of Mortality in Rural Southwestern Nigeria.","authors":"Azeez Oyemomi Ibrahim, Adetunji Omonijo, Tosin Anthony Agbesanwa, Ayodele Kamal Alabi, Olayide Toyin Elegbede, Kolawole Michael Olusuyi, Musah Yusuf, Eniola Ayoyemi Afolabi-Obe, Olagoke Erinomo, Olakunle Fatai Babalola, Henry Abiyere, Olayinka Tesleem Orewole, Shuaib Kayode Aremu","doi":"10.1177/11795549241288197","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241288197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research on breast cancer risk factors and mortality is gaining recognition and attention globally; there is need to add more information on its determinants among patients admitted in hospital. Some studies on risk factors and mortality of breast cancer in Nigeria hospitals conducted in the urban and suburban areas have been documented. Therefore, an addition of a study conducted in the setting of a rural health institution is necessary. This study assessed the risk factors and determinants of mortality among patients admitted for breast cancer in rural Southwestern Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted on 260 patients who were admitted for breast cancer between January 2010 and December 2023 using a data form and a standardized information form. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. The risk factors and the determinants of mortality of patients with breast cancer were identified using multivariate regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The breast cancer risk factors were old age, family history, tobacco smoking, combined oral contraceptives, and hormonal therapy use. The case fatality rate was 38.1%, and its determinants of mortality were patients who were older (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.956; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.341-4.333), obese (AOR, 2.635; 95% CI: 1.485-6.778), stage IV (AOR, 1.895; 95% CI: 1.146-8.9742), mastectomy (AOR, 2.512; 95% CI: 1.003-6.569), discontinued adjuvant chemotherapy (AOR, 1.785; 95% CI: 1.092-4.6311), and yet to commence adjuvant chemotherapy (AOR, 2.568; 95% CI: 1.367-5.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed that patients with breast cancer were associated with high mortality. Sustained health education to promote early diagnosis, managed co-morbidities, and access to treatment may contribute to reduction in breast cancer mortality in rural Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241288197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of High-Dose Parenteral Ascorbate (Vitamin C) and Alpha-Lipoic Acid Failed to Enhance Tumor-Inhibitory Effect But Increased Toxicity in Preclinical Cancer Models.","authors":"Ping Chen, Davis Lamson, Paul Anderson, Jeanne Drisko, Qi Chen","doi":"10.1177/11795549241283421","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241283421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intravenous vitamin C (IVC, ascorbate [Asc]) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) are frequently coadministered in integrative oncology clinics, with limited understanding of combination effects or drug-drug interactions. As high-dose IVC has anticancer activity through peroxide (H₂O₂), it is hypothesized that IV ALA, a thiol antioxidant, might have untoward effects when combined with IVC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In vitro combination index (CI) was investigated in 6 types of human cancer cells, using clinically relevant concentrations of Asc (0.625-20 mM) and ALA (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mM) evaluated by nonconstant ratio metrics. Cellular H₂O₂ was measured using HeLa cells expressing a fluorescent probe HyPer. Mouse xenografts of the metastatic breast cancer MDA-MB-231 were treated with intraperitoneal injections of ALA (10, 20, and 50 mg/kg) and Asc (0.2, 0.5, and 4 g/kg) at various dose levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cancer cell lines were sensitive to Asc treatment but not to ALA. There is no evidence ALA becomes a prooxidant at higher doses. The CIs showed a mixture of synergistic and antagonistic effects with different ALA and Asc combination ratios, with a \"U\" shape response to Asc concentrations. The ALA concentrations did not influence the CIs or cellular H₂O₂ formation. Adding ALA to Asc dampened the increase of H₂O₂. Toxicity was observed in mice receiving prolonged treatment of ALA at all doses. The Asc at all doses was nontoxic. The combination of ALA and Asc increased toxicity. The ALA at all doses did not inhibit tumor growth. The Asc at 4 g/kg inhibited tumor growth. Adding ALA 50 mg/kg to Asc 4 g/kg did not enhance the effect, but lower doses of ALA (10 or 20 mg/kg) dampened the inhibitory effect of Asc.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data do not support the concurrent or relative concurrent use of high-dose intravenous ALA with prooxidative high-dose IVC in clinical oncology care with potentially increased toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241283421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Reprogramming of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast in the Tumor Microenvironment: From Basics to Clinic.","authors":"Lujia Zhou, Wenjie Zhang, Xiaoxue Hu, Daorong Wang, Dong Tang","doi":"10.1177/11795549241287058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241287058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic reprogramming occurs when tumor cells replenish themselves with nutrients required for growth to meet their metabolic needs. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are activated fibroblasts involved in building the c (TME) to promote tumor progression and metastasis. Metabolic reprogramming of CAFs can interact with cancer cells to generate metabolic crosstalk. Furthermore, CAF metabolic reprogramming has great potential as a new field of tumor treatment. This review summarizes the role of CAFs in TME and the mechanisms by which metabolic reprogramming of CAFs causes cancer progression and metastasis, demonstrating the great potential of CAF metabolic reprogramming in cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy treatment. Furthermore, we provide an outlook for future CAF metabolic reprogramming for cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241287058"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Role of <i>AKR1B1</i> Gene Methylation in Diagnosis of Patients With Breast Cancer.","authors":"Mohamed El-Far, Mohamed A Abdelrazek, Basma M Foda, Amr Abouzid, Menha Swellam","doi":"10.1177/11795549241290796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241290796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In addition to the great challenge of early diagnosis and prognosis in breast cancer (BC), the role of gene promoters in BC remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 (<i>AKR1B1</i>) methylation as noninvasive biomarker for early BC diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 200 (120 with BC, 40 with benign breast diseases, 40 healthy) Egyptian women were enrolled. <i>AKR1B1</i> methylation level was determined using EpiTect Methyl II QPCR assay quantitative polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings revealed that hypermethylation <i>AKR1B1</i> was reported to be associated (<i>P</i> < .0001) with BC cases (93.2 [75.4-98.6]) compared with benign (23.9 [22.6-48.3]) or healthy (15.5 [10.6-16]) controls. It had a great diagnostic power (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.909) that was superior to cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 (AUC = 0.681) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (AUC = 0.539). Interestingly, <i>AKR1B1</i> hypermethylation was reported to be significant in identifying BC early stages (AUC = 0.899) and grades (AUC = 0.903). Independent to hormonal status and HER2neu expression, <i>AKR1B1</i> hypermethylation was related to some tumor severity features, including advanced stages, high histological grades, and lymph node invasion. Also, <i>AKR1B1</i> high degrees of methylation were significantly correlated with the increase in CEA (<i>r</i> = .195; <i>P</i> = .027), CA-15.3 (<i>r</i> = .351; <i>P</i> = .0001) and tumor stages (<i>r</i> = .274; <i>P</i> = .014), grades (<i>r</i> = .253; <i>P</i> = .024), and lymph node invasion (<i>r</i> = .275; <i>P</i> = .014).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed that aberrant <i>AKR1B1</i> methylation could facilitate early BC detection from benign br0east disorders. Hypermethylated <i>AKR1B1</i> was related to BC aggressiveness suggesting its potential role as diagnostic and prognostic BC biomarker.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241290796"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-Stage Renal Cell Carcinoma Locoregional Therapies: Current Approaches and Future Directions.","authors":"Umang Khandpur, Bereket Haile, Mina S Makary","doi":"10.1177/11795549241285390","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241285390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common primary renal malignancy. Prevalence of RCC in developed countries has slowly increased. Although partial or total nephrectomy has been the first-line treatment for early-stage RCC, improved or similar safety and treatment outcomes with locoregional therapies have challenged this paradigm. In this review, we explore locoregional techniques for early-stage RCC, including radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, and microwave ablation with a focus on procedural technique, patient selection, and safety/treatment outcomes. Furthermore, we discuss future advances and novel techniques, including radiomics, combination therapy, high-intensity focused ultrasound, and catheter-directed techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241285390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11492234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of Circulating Tumor DNA Assay in Identifying Mutations and Guiding Matched Targeted Therapy in Lung Cancers.","authors":"Kun Li, Nana Zhang, Bing Xu, Zichen Liu, Dan Zhao, Yujie Dong, Jing Mu, Haifeng Lin, Guangyu Shan, Sihang Gao, Bo Yu, Xiaoxi Pan, Yanrong Wang, Dongxing Zhang, Nanying Che, Xiaoyong Ji","doi":"10.1177/11795549241285238","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241285238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumor genomic profiling has a significant impact on the selection of targeted therapy. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a noninvasive, and reproducible assay compared with tissue biopsy. We aimed to evaluate its utility in identifying mutations and guiding targeted therapy for lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 173 lung cancer patients underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) using a targeted enrichment panel covering 20 lung cancer-related genes. The performance of the ctDNA NGS assay in identifying genetic mutations or alterations was compared with tissue biopsy and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). The treatment response to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapies based on the ctDNA assay results was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ctDNA was detected in 61.85% of patients. Tissue mutations were detected in paired ctDNA in 38.57% of cases, while ctDNA mutations were detected in paired tissues in 89.1% of cases. The ctDNA increased the number of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who received NCCN-recommended genetic testing by 12%. The concordance between ddPCR and ctDNA was relatively high reaching 99.43%. <i>EGFR</i> T790M/C797S c.G2390C and <i>EGFR</i> T790M/C797S c.T2389A were detected in tissue and ctDNA, respectively, in patient 01015. Moreover, ctDNA assay identified the <i>EGFR</i> T790M mutation, which was missed by tissue biopsy in patient 01149, who developed drug resistance after 1 year of EGFR-TKI therapy. Of the 17 patients who received EGFR-TKI targeted therapies based on the ctDNA NGS results, 12 patients achieved a partial response and two patients had stable disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results demonstrated that the ctDNA assay could partially overcome tumor heterogeneity in detecting mutations and provide complementary information on tumor genomic profiles. Moreover, the presence of <i>EGFR</i> mutations in ctDNA could offer valuable guidance for selecting appropriate EGFR-TKI treatment for advanced lung cancer patients. However, it is important to note that the ctDNA NGS assay has certain limitations in fully identifying all genomic alterations present in the tumor.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241285238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11489900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dendritic Cells Loaded With Heat Shock Inactivated Glioma Stem Cells Enhance Antitumor Response of Mouse Glioma When Combining With CD47 Blockade.","authors":"Qijia Tan, Feng Li, Jun Wang, Yi Liu, Yingqian Cai, Yuxi Zou, Xiaodan Jiang","doi":"10.1177/11795549241285239","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241285239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For glioma patients, the long-term advantages of dendritic cells (DCs) immunization remain unknown. It is extremely important to develop new treatment strategies that enhance the immunotherapy effect of DC-based vaccines. DCs exposed to glioma stem cells (GSCs) are considered promising vaccines against glioma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Glioma stem cells were isolated from mouse glioma GL261 cells (GCs). Both were subjected to severe (47°C) and mild (42°C) heat shock to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD). Membrane mobilization of calreticulin (CRT) and release of heat shock proteins (HSPs) were detected by flow cytometry. Dendritic cells were then exposed to heat-inactivated cells and co-culturing of T cells tested for immunotherapeutic efficacy in vitro. In vivo, we investigated the GSC targeting effect of the GSC-DC vaccine combined with CD47 blockade.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Heat shock induced ICD in GCs and GSCs, as indicated by significant release of calreticulin, HSP70, and HSP90. Heat shock condition ICD lysates induce maturation and activation-associated marker expression on monocyte-derived DCs. Accordingly, DCs pulsed with GCs and GSCs inactivated reduced colony formation, sphere formation, migration, and invasion of glioma and GSCs in vitro. Glioma stem cell-DC vaccine in combination with anti-CD47 antibody significantly enhanced survival in mice with glioma, induced production of interferon (IFN)-γ, and enhanced T-cell expansion in vivo. Of note, DCs pulsed with inactivated GSCs were more effective to control tumor growth than DCs pulsed with inactive GCs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Severe heat shock induces ICD in vitro. These data showed that administration of anti-CD47 antibody combined with GSC-DC vaccine may represent an effective immunotherapeutic strategy for cancer patients in clinical.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241285239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11487516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}