Žiznʹ zemli最新文献

{"title":"“YOUTH ON GUARD OF NATURE”: A UNIQUE EXHIBITION IN THE VORONEZH REGIONAL LOCAL HISTORY MUSEUM","authors":"Konstantin Vodyanov, Dmitry Boriskin, Valeriy Sulin, Svetlana Tolkacheva, Sergey Sobolev","doi":"10.29003/m3559.0514-7468.2023_45_3/433-440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29003/m3559.0514-7468.2023_45_3/433-440","url":null,"abstract":"The palaeoichthyological collection from the Bilovo locality in the Tver’ region (Famennian of the Main Devonian field), currently housed at the Andreapol Museum of Local History, is continued to be studied. Placoderm fishes of the family Bothriolepididae Cope predominate in the ichthyocomplex of this locality. Rare plates of large-bodied Bothriolepis sp. with a flattened armor were found at the Bilovo locality in clay deposits in addition to numerous remains of crested bothriolepidids. The material on Bothriolepis sp. is represented by three posterior medio-dorsal plates only. These plates are described, figured and compared with a similar material on Late Devonian bothriolepidids from the Main Devonian field and other regions. A brief characteristic of the Bilovo locality is given as well.","PeriodicalId":485425,"journal":{"name":"Žiznʹ zemli","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135204364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MUSEUM EXHIBITION “LIVING MATTER IN THE GEOSPHERES” TO THE 160TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH OF V.I. VERNADSKY","authors":"Aleksey Ivanov, Andrey Smurov, Valeriy Snakin, Aleksandr Leontovich, Natalya Kolotilova, Svetlana Malyonkina, Ruslan Gabdulin","doi":"10.29003/m3560.0514-7468.2023_45_3/441-461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29003/m3560.0514-7468.2023_45_3/441-461","url":null,"abstract":"To mark the 160th anniversary of V.I. Vernadsky's birth, Lomonosov Moscow State University has organized an exhibition based on the theme of “living matter”, which to a greater or lesser extent permeates all the geospheres of our planet, provides many mechanisms of interaction between the geospheres and links between the planet and the cosmos. Natural exhibits demonstrate peculiarities of the geochemical transformation of individual organisms and their communities during the transition from the biosphere to the lithosphere, the diversity of biocosmic bodies in the history of our planet, the possibilities of modern sciences in reconstructing geobiosystems of the past. The structure of the exhibition includes a number of special blocks containing original exhibits and information, namely: “Scientist’s Cabinet” with information about the life path, scientific directions and some students and followers of Academician V.I. Vernadsky (connected to him through Moscow University). The cluster “Co-evolution of the Biosphere and Lithosphere” with disclosure of the mechanisms of transition of living matter and integral ecosystems into the “stone record” of the Earth, the structure of the pedosphere in a broad sense, the diversity of biogeoprocesses and their products in the history of the Earth, the formation of “archives of nature” in the geospheres, the functioning of geobiodynamically active zones on the example of the East European Platform; the cluster “University’s Lukomorye”, reflecting peculiarities of coastal geo-ecosystems for the general public (on the example of the Paleocene of the Volga region). Most of the exhibits of the exhibition have been obtained during the scientific and educational expedition “Flotilla of Floating Universities” (2015-2022) from the Volga region, the Caspian Sea, the Don region and the Urals and are considered in the future as the basis for the development of a model polygon of the “MSU Youth Museum”.","PeriodicalId":485425,"journal":{"name":"Žiznʹ zemli","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135204366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERACTIVE MUSEOLOGY AND FIELD NATURAL SCIENCES IN THE FILM “BROTHERHOOD OF SCIENTIFIC CREATIVITY. FLOATING UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER VLADIMIR VERNADSKY”","authors":"Yevgeniy Zakharov, Aleksey Ivanov","doi":"10.29003/m3557.0514-7468.2023_45_3/407-420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29003/m3557.0514-7468.2023_45_3/407-420","url":null,"abstract":"A popular science film “Brotherhood of Scientific Creativity. Floating University named after Vladimir Vernadsky” was shot to the 160th anniversary of the birth of Academician V.I. Vernadsky. Work on the film was carried out during 2022-2023 as part of the activities of the scientific and educational expedition «Floating Universities Flotilla» (the field work regions being the Middle and Lower Volga river, Don river, Caspian sea). It includes the original projects “Academician Vernadsky’s Floating University” and “Floating mobilenetwork museum center”. The concept of the project basically provides for interdisciplinary research on a wide range of problems of the interaction of geospheres and the evolution of geoecosystems, which is being implemented by creative teams of scientists from various fields and students with the active involvement of the local population in interactive museum practices. According to the main message of the film, it is in such an environment of “scientific creativity”, in the format of field natural sciences, that the development of the ideological heritage of V.I. Vernadsky on the principles of the “Priyutinsky Brotherhood” and maturation of the “new Vernadskies” from novice researchers. The original system of scenario and producer’s decisions included the contrast of images «academician-student», a series of episodes of actual field research (the study of geological sections, the phenomenon of lithophagy, natural and anthropogenic objects) with the implicit inclusion of the “young Vernadsky” in the process (the character is an actor) and subsequent the culminating meeting of the “two Vernadskies” (montage) against the background of the Volga river - a symbolic handover of the baton of “scientific creativity” to a new generation.","PeriodicalId":485425,"journal":{"name":"Žiznʹ zemli","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135204369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A MODEL FOR CALCULATING THE IMPACT OF FORESTS ON THE BALANCE OF C-CO2 IN THE EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE","authors":"Gennadiy Bulatkin","doi":"10.29003/m3555.0514-7468.2023_45_3/389-397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29003/m3555.0514-7468.2023_45_3/389-397","url":null,"abstract":"A new three-stage method for assessing the CO2 balance in plant communities was formulated. The methodology includes not only taking into account the absorption of C-CO2 during plantation vegetation, but also the processes occuring when using wood. In managed forests, when calculating the carbon balance, it is necessary to take into account the release of CO2 not only at direct, but also at indirect consumption of technical energy for laying plantations, caring for them, and felling for final use. As a model, the consumption of technical energy in cultivating natural and genetically modified forms of aspen Populus tremula L. was calculated. The large role of indirect expenditure of technical energy in the C-CO2 balance in forest plantations is shown. The use of a genetically modified clone of aspen significantly increases the productivity of plantations and CO2 absorption from the atmosphere compared to its natural form. On a long time scale the final amount of CO2 runoff from the atmosphere depends not only on the area of forests and their productivity, but also on the way of using wood. There is a highly effective way of using forest plantations to regulate the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere, which is currently little paid attention, namely, the so-called substitution effect. Replacing energy-intensive materials (reinforced concrete, plastic, metal, and brick) with wood may be one of the main ways for the positive impact of forests on the CO2 content in the atmosphere. The use of wood biomass from thinning, wood processing wastes, short-rotation forests for heat and power generation is a great reserve for replacing fossil hydrocarbons. The forest area needs to be expanded to increase wood production to replace energy-intensive building materials and generate biofuels.","PeriodicalId":485425,"journal":{"name":"Žiznʹ zemli","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135204371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HELIUM SURVEY CONTRIBUTION TO THE DISCOVERY OF THE KIRENGA RIVER OIL FIELD","authors":"Sergey Lazarenko, Tatyana Mamakova, Aleksandr Ogonyan","doi":"10.29003/m3552.0514-7468.2023_45_3/363-371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29003/m3552.0514-7468.2023_45_3/363-371","url":null,"abstract":"This article summarizes some of our results of geological exploration on the Kutuleya river area. It describes our experience of integrating heliometric surveys in order to clarify the forecast of the development of improved reservoir properties for the formulation of exploratory drilling. The results of testing of a well laid, which served as the basis for the discovery of the Kirenga river oil field, are presented.","PeriodicalId":485425,"journal":{"name":"Žiznʹ zemli","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135204368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A LARGE-BODIED NON-CRESTED ANTIARCH (PLACODERMI: BOTHRIOLEPIDIDAE) FROM THE BILOVO LOCALITY IN THE TVER’ REGION (FAMENNIAN OF THE MAIN DEVONIAN FIELD)","authors":"Sergey Moloshnikov, Valeriy Linkevich","doi":"10.29003/m3558.0514-7468.2023_45_3/421-432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29003/m3558.0514-7468.2023_45_3/421-432","url":null,"abstract":"The palaeoichthyological collection from the Bilovo locality in the Tver’ region (Famennian of the Main Devonian field), currently housed at the Andreapol Museum of Local History, is continued to be studied. Placoderm fishes of the family Bothriolepididae Cope predominate in the ichthyocomplex of this locality. Rare plates of large-bodied Bothriolepis sp. with a flattened armor were found at the Bilovo locality in clay deposits in addition to numerous remains of crested bothriolepidids. The material on Bothriolepis sp. is represented by three posterior medio-dorsal plates only. These plates are described, figured and compared with a similar material on Late Devonian bothriolepidids from the Main Devonian field and other regions. A brief characteristic of the Bilovo locality is given as well.","PeriodicalId":485425,"journal":{"name":"Žiznʹ zemli","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135204373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND OIL AND GAS POTENTIAL OF THE KIRENGA AREA","authors":"Vladimir Chuparin, Sergey Lazarenko, Aleksandr gonyan","doi":"10.29003/m3553.0514-7468.2023_45_3/372-378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29003/m3553.0514-7468.2023_45_3/372-378","url":null,"abstract":"The paper summarizes the literature data of geological and geophysical works as well as the results of studying the tectonics, stratigraphy and oil and gas contents in the Kirenga area, Irkutsk region, Russian Federation. The Kirenga area is located in the junction zone of the Nepa-Botuoba anteclise and the Cis-Patom regional trough. The prospects of oil and gas contents and the geological structure in this location are of the greatest attention.","PeriodicalId":485425,"journal":{"name":"Žiznʹ zemli","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135204374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PHYSICAL MODELING OF THE FORMATION CONDITIONS OF MARGINAL PLATEAUS ON THE EXAMPLE OF STRUCTURES IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN","authors":"Grigoriy Agranov, Yevgeniy Dubinin, Andrey Grokholskii","doi":"10.29003/m3550.0514-7468.2023_45_3/341-354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29003/m3550.0514-7468.2023_45_3/341-354","url":null,"abstract":"Peculiarities of the formation of marginal plateaus in the early period of the opening of the North Atlantic Ocean are considered. The oceanic opening between Greenland and Europe (formation of the North Atlantic Ocean) began approx. 50-55 Mya after a long period of rifting, followed by the formation of the Aegir spreading ridge and the formation of the basin of the Norwegian Deep. Since that moment, the formation of a series of specific structures (marginal plateaus) began. The article considers conditions for their formation, using the physical modeling method. Three groups of structures were distinguished and typified according to the formation mechanism. A series of experiments was performed to each type of structures. Experimental results are compared with our proposed model for the formation and evolution of marginal plateaux.","PeriodicalId":485425,"journal":{"name":"Žiznʹ zemli","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135204375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FORMATION OF THE SEDIMENTARY COVER OF THE SOUTH KARA BASIN","authors":"Yuri Galushkin","doi":"10.29003/m3549.0514-7468.2023_45_3/324-340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29003/m3549.0514-7468.2023_45_3/324-340","url":null,"abstract":"A scheme of formation of the sedimentary blanket of the South Kara basin is considered, which can further be used for numerical reconstruction of its thermal history. The scheme is based on our analysis of the literature information on the structure and geological history of the Barents-Kara region. This information included an interpreted seismic profile crossing the studied area, drilling data from four wells located along the profile (the University, Rusanov, Leningrad and Kharasavey ones), measurements of the heat flow and deep temperatures in the basin. The proposed scheme considers the formation of the basin as a series of sedimentation stages with various combinations of clay shales, siltstones and sandstones and sedimentation in the Cretaceous and Paleogene with their subsequent erosion in the Miocene. The erosion amplitude is estimated by the observed change in the porosity of sedimentary rocks with depth. The initial heat flow in such a model should correspond to the flow of modern axial zones of continental rifting or be lower for the areas remote from the corresponding segments of the Late Permian-Early Triassic continental rifting system.","PeriodicalId":485425,"journal":{"name":"Žiznʹ zemli","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135205176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PHYTOCOMPONENT OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL FRAGMENTS OF BIOGEOCENOSES IN THE EXPOSITION OF THE MSU EARTH SCIENCE MUSEUM","authors":"Kirill Golikov","doi":"10.29003/m3556.0514-7468.2023_45_3/398-406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29003/m3556.0514-7468.2023_45_3/398-406","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of biogeocenoses as structural units of the biosphere is reflected in the exposition of the department “Natural Zones” (Halls No. 18-20 on the 25th floor) of the Moscow State University Museum of Earth Science: the interaction of the main natural components characteristic of the corresponding climatic conditions - soils, flora and fauna - is succinctly demonstrated. There are 15 full-scale exhibits of dry volumetric fragments of biogeocenoses: spotted tundra; forest tundra; swamps: flat-hummocky tundra, oligotrophic upland and mesotrophic lowland sedge; spruce-green grass; grass-grass and tipchak-grass steppes; subtropical mountain forest; alpine meadows; semi-deserts; deserts - clay, wormwood-solyanka and ilak belosaksaulnik on ridge sands; and savannas as well.","PeriodicalId":485425,"journal":{"name":"Žiznʹ zemli","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135204367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}