Allison Lee , Max Gonzalez Estevez , Agnès Le Gouez , Frédéric J. Mercier
{"title":"Cesarean delivery: Clinical updates","authors":"Allison Lee , Max Gonzalez Estevez , Agnès Le Gouez , Frédéric J. Mercier","doi":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article offers a comprehensive clinical update on best practices for neuraxial and general anesthesia in cesarean delivery, the most frequently performed major surgical procedure globally. Current evidence-based strategies to address common anesthetic challenges, such as maternal hypotension and intraoperative breakthrough pain, are discussed in detail. Practical approaches for optimizing maternal hemodynamic stability, including the use of vasopressors, fluid management and maternal positioning, are reviewed. Additionally, the article explores best practices for general anesthesia, with an emphasis on new approaches to prolonging safe apnea time, rapid sequence induction and difficult airway management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48541,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research-Clinical Anaesthesiology","volume":"38 3","pages":"Pages 187-198"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allison A. Mootz , John J. Kowalczyk , Sebastian M. Seifert , Daniel Katz , Sharon C. Reale
{"title":"Postpartum hemorrhage assessment and targeted treatment","authors":"Allison A. Mootz , John J. Kowalczyk , Sebastian M. Seifert , Daniel Katz , Sharon C. Reale","doi":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide, and mitigating it is a global health priority. In this review, we discuss the measurement, assessment, and treatment of PPH. We review different methods of quantifying blood loss, including gravimetry, calibrated drapes and canisters, and colorimetric techniques. Additionally, we highlight the importance of obstetric-specific massive transfusion protocols, point-of-care coagulation testing, and the role of fibrinogen and tranexamic acid. Lastly, we review placenta accreta spectrum management. Anesthesiologists are critical participants in the management of PPH, ultimately influencing patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48541,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research-Clinical Anaesthesiology","volume":"38 3","pages":"Pages 221-232"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liliane Ernst , Marie-Louise Meng , Johanna Quist-Nelson , Dominica Zentner , Alicia T. Dennis
{"title":"Managing cardiovascular disease in pregnant people: Defining the pregnancy heart team","authors":"Liliane Ernst , Marie-Louise Meng , Johanna Quist-Nelson , Dominica Zentner , Alicia T. Dennis","doi":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for pregnant patients. A significant portion of cardiac morbidity and mortality is preventable and related to poor or delayed recognition of clinical warning signs and oversights in management. The establishment of pregnancy heart teams facilitates multidisciplinary planning to improve management of people with cardiovascular disease. Core members of the pregnancy heart team include obstetricians, midwives, cardiologists, anesthesiologists, nurses, and patient care coordinators. Additional specialists and subspecialists are included on pregnancy heart teams based on individual patient needs. This review discusses the practical aspects of the pregnancy heart team's approach to caring for pregnant people with cardiovascular disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48541,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research-Clinical Anaesthesiology","volume":"38 3","pages":"Pages 278-292"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marie-Camille Vanderheeren , Marc Van de Velde , Eva Roofthooft
{"title":"Initiation and maintenance of neuraxial labour analgesia: A narrative review","authors":"Marie-Camille Vanderheeren , Marc Van de Velde , Eva Roofthooft","doi":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Labour analgesia is a crucial aspect of obstetric anaesthesia, aiming to alleviate pain during childbirth while ensuring maternal and foetal safety. Over the past decade, advancements in labour analgesia techniques have evolved, impacting initiation, maintenance, and outcomes. We emphasize the longstanding importance of epidural analgesia while recognizing the growing significance of combined spinal-epidural and dural puncture epidural techniques for labour initiation. Analgesia maintenance is optimally achieved with an epidural bolus regimen, either manual boluses, programmed intermittent boluses or patient-controlled epidural analgesia. Utilizing high-volume, low-dose combinations of local anaesthetics with lipophilic opioids demonstrates synergistic effects, facilitating dose reduction and minimising adverse effects. Adjuvants can play a role in specific clinical contexts. The increasing significance of ultrasound guidance for procedural precision is highlighted. The intricate nature of labour pain management underscores the importance of both patient and clinician involvement in decision-making processes. Future advancements in this field have the potential to enhance the well-being of women as well as their newborns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48541,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research-Clinical Anaesthesiology","volume":"38 3","pages":"Pages 168-175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lessons learned from big data (APRICOT, NECTARINE, PeDI)","authors":"Nicola Disma , Walid Habre , Francis Veyckemans","doi":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Big data in paediatric anaesthesia allows the evaluation of morbidity and mortality of anaesthesia in a large population, but also the identification of rare critical events and of their causes. This is a major step to focus education and design clinical guidelines. Moreover, they can help trying to determine normative data in a population with a wide range of ages and body weights. The example of blood pressure under anaesthesia will be detailed. Big data studies should encourage every department of anaesthesia to collect its own data and to benchmark its performance by comparison with published data. The data collection processes are also an opportunity to build collaborative research networks and help researchers to complete multicentric studies. Up to recently, big data studies were only performed in well developed countries. Fortunately, big data collections have started in some low and middle income countries and truly international studies are ongoing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48541,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research-Clinical Anaesthesiology","volume":"38 2","pages":"Pages 111-117"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140771644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tom Bleeser , Arjen Brenders , Simen Vergote , Jan Deprest , Steffen Rex , Sarah Devroe
{"title":"Advances in foetal anaesthesia","authors":"Tom Bleeser , Arjen Brenders , Simen Vergote , Jan Deprest , Steffen Rex , Sarah Devroe","doi":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpa.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nowadays, widespread antenatal ultrasound screenings detect congenital anomalies earlier and more frequently. This has sparked research into foetal surgery, offering treatment options for various conditions. These surgeries aim to correct anomalies or halt disease progression until after birth. Minimally invasive procedures can be conducted under local anaesthesia (with/without maternal sedation), while open mid-gestational procedures necessitate general anaesthesia. Anaesthesia serves to prevent maternal and foetal pain, to provide immobilization, and to optimize surgical conditions by ensuring uterine relaxation. As early as 12 weeks after conception, the foetus may experience pain. Thus, in procedures involving innervated foetal tissue or requiring foetal immobilization, anaesthetic drugs can be administered directly to the foetus (intramuscular or intravenous) or indirectly (transplacental) to the mother. However, animal studies have indicated that exposure to prenatal anaesthesia might impact foetal brain development, translating these findings to the clinical setting remains difficult.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48541,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research-Clinical Anaesthesiology","volume":"38 2","pages":"Pages 93-102"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141325539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hubert A. Benzon , Carolyn G. Butler , Sulpicio G. Soriano
{"title":"Advances in pediatric neuroanesthesia practices","authors":"Hubert A. Benzon , Carolyn G. Butler , Sulpicio G. Soriano","doi":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpa.2024.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The field of pediatric neuroanesthesia has evolved with concurrent changes in pediatric neurosurgical practice. Ongoing pediatric neuroanesthesia investigations provide novel insights into developmental cerebrovascular physiology, neurosurgical technology, and clinical outcomes. Minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures appear to be associated with lower complication rates and length of stay. This review will discuss blood sparing techniques, regional anesthesia, and postoperative disposition. Collectively, these innovations appear to be safe in pediatric neurosurgical patients with potential benefits, but more data is needed for more definitive long-term outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48541,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research-Clinical Anaesthesiology","volume":"38 2","pages":"Pages 127-134"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141325480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Update on perioperative fluids","authors":"Katharina Röher , Frank Fideler","doi":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adequate fluid management in the perioperative period in paediatric patients is essential for restoring and maintaining homeostasis and ensuring adequate tissue perfusion. A well-designed infusion regimen is crucial for preventing severe complications such as hyponatraemic encephalopathies. The composition of perioperative fluid solutions is now guided by an understanding of extracellular fluid physiology. Various crystalloid and colloidal products are available for use, but a comprehensive approach requires careful consideration of their drawbacks and limitations. Additionally, the unique characteristics of different patient groups must be taken into account. This review will provide the reader with physiological considerations for perioperative fluids and describe indications for perioperative intravenous fluid therapy in paediatric patients. The current evidence on perioperative fluid therapy is finally summarised in practical recommendations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48541,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research-Clinical Anaesthesiology","volume":"38 2","pages":"Pages 118-126"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521689624000156/pdfft?md5=d1c9b8fd48f80c82b60078cf4de9792d&pid=1-s2.0-S1521689624000156-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140281832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peter Frykholm , Tom G. Hansen , Thomas Engelhardt
{"title":"Preoperative fasting in children. The evolution of recommendations and guidelines, and the underlying evidence","authors":"Peter Frykholm , Tom G. Hansen , Thomas Engelhardt","doi":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpa.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review discusses the evolution of preoperative fasting guidelines and examines the incidence of pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents and suggested treatments.</p><p>Nine guidelines developed by professional societies and published in peer-reviewed journals since 1994 were identified. The recommendations on preoperative fasting for various categories have undergone only small adaptations in the following three decades in pediatric anesthesia.</p><p>We found twelve published studies of the incidence of pulmonary aspiration, which ranges from 0.6 to 12 in 10,000 anesthetics in children. However, this variation reflects differences in the definition of aspiration as well as differences in study design. The main risk factors identified are emergency surgery, ASA physical status, and patient age. Several additional risk factors have been suggested, including non-compliance to fasting guidelines.</p><p>The duration of clear fluid fasting is not associated with an increased risk of pulmonary aspiration which may be reflected in future guideline updates in pediatric anesthesia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48541,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research-Clinical Anaesthesiology","volume":"38 2","pages":"Pages 103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S152168962400017X/pdfft?md5=a0aad6773a06e5927e73755ab3a90817&pid=1-s2.0-S152168962400017X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140274506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}