Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"Meniere's disease: Structural considerations in early cochlea hydrops","authors":"Daniel J. Pender MSE, MD, FACS","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70041","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Structural features of the human cochlea may control early lesion formation in endolymphatic hydrops. This process may hinge on three structural features: the flattened spiral shape of the human cochlea, the toroidal configuration of the distended cochlea duct, and the distensibility characteristics of Reissner's membrane. An analytical method is presented to assess the variation in hydropic distention that may occur in the several turns of the cochlea due to these structural features.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A normal human cochlea is used to illustrate the method of analysis. Structural dimensions were taken from a mid-modiolar section. Reissner's membrane was projected to assume a spiral toroid shape as it distends. Peak membrane stress proclivities in each cochlea turn were calculated analytically. Membrane strain was assessed from a collagen model of Reissner's membrane. Sagittal membrane displacements were quantified geometrically.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stress levels in Reissner's membrane were projected to be the lowest in the lower basal turn and to increase progressively to a peak value in the apex. Strain in Reissner's membrane in the apical turn was projected to be substantially higher than in the lower turns. Sagittal displacement of Reissner's membrane was projected to be most pronounced in the apical turn in all the stages of early cochlea hydrops.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Structural features appear to underlie a differential susceptibility to hydrops in the human cochlea. The flattened spiral shape of the human cochlea coupled with the anticlastic configuration and the distensile characteristics of Reissner's membrane are projected to result in distinct histological stages as hydropic disease in the cochlea progresses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11645473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malignant otitis externa: What is the role of surgery?","authors":"Lisa Zhang MD,&nbsp;Joseph Bonanno BS,&nbsp;Woo Yul Byun MD,&nbsp;Yin Ren MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Malignant otitis externa (MOE) is typically managed with long-term broad-spectrum antibiotics. The impact of surgical intervention on clinical outcomes is not well described. This study aims to compare clinical outcomes of MOE patients managed with or without surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Design/Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective cohort, academic tertiary referral center.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients diagnosed with MOE between January 2010 to September 2022 were included. Univariate analyses compared symptoms at initial presentation and long-term (≥1 year) outcomes between surgical and non-surgical patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 23 patients were included (78% male, mean age 69 ± 13 years, median follow-up 305 days). Most (<i>N</i> = 22, 96%) patients were diabetic. Seventeen (74%) underwent surgical intervention (76% tympanomastoidectomy, 24% external auditory canal debridement and biopsy). Poor facial nerve (FN) function at initial presentation (defined as House-Brackmann [HB] grade ≥3) significantly predicted undergoing surgical intervention (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Comparing surgically managed versus non-surgical patients at the time of presentation, there were no differences in the degree of hearing loss, severity of diabetes, rate of insulin dependence, incidence of immunosuppression, or the Charlson Comorbidity Index (all <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). FN outcomes at long-term follow-up also did not significantly differ (p &gt; 0.05). No significant differences in the length of stay (9 vs. 6 days, <i>p</i> = 0.2), rate of readmission (31% vs. 17%, <i>p</i> = 0.5) or 5-year overall survival (53% vs. 66%, <i>p</i> = 0.6) were observed between surgical and non-surgical patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Long-term outcomes for patients with MOE remain poor. Patients with poor FN function at presentation were more likely to undergo surgical intervention. Patient comorbidities, including the severity of diabetes, were not predictive of undergoing surgery. However, surgical intervention for MOE did not appear to lower the length of stay, the rate of hospital readmission, or overall mortality in our cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>III</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11645471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Reference to Primary site surgical resection in cM1 oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"Erkan Topkan MD,&nbsp;Efsun Somay PhD,&nbsp;Uğur Selek MD","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70053","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.70053","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We applaud Patel and colleagues for their study investigating the impact of primary site surgical resection on overall survival (OS) in patients diagnosed with clinically distantly metastatic (cM1) oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The study included 278 patients: 139 (50.0%), 80 (28.8%), 25 (9.0%), and 34 (12.2%) treated with chemotherapy (CT), chemoradiotherapy (CRT), surgical resection + adjuvant chemotherapy (S-CT), and surgical resection + adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (S-CRT), respectively. Respective 5-year OS rates were 9.4%, 15.2%, 8.3%, and 23.8% (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001), indicating that surgical resection was beneficial only when combined with CRT. While the present study provides valuable insights into the treatment outcomes of cM1 OCSCC patients, addressing two critical concerns would ensure a more comprehensive understanding of Patel and colleagues' findings.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;First, the study findings indicated that despite a high incidence of positive surgical margins (a significant adverse prognostic factor) S-CRT was linked to significantly improved OS rates compared to the alternative strategies of CT, CRT, and S-CT. Nevertheless, the 5-year OS rates of 9.4% for CT and 8.3% S-CT groups are nearly equivalent and substantially inferior to the 15.2% observed in the CRT group, suggesting that the principal factor influencing outcomes is the incorporation of radiotherapy with CT, namely definitive CRT.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Although the authors provide no comparative patient and disease characteristics for all four treatment regimens, the notably superior outcomes achieved in the CRT groups were most likely despite the accumulation of unfavorable prognostic variables in these groups, as can be anticipated from tab. 1 of the original manuscript.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; For example, therapy in a nonacademic center, high-grade histology, T3-4 tumors, N1-3 disease, and pathologic extra-nodal extension all disadvantage the non-surgical groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;And second, S-CRT resulted in the best 5-year OS rates (23.8%) even when compared to CRT (15.2%). However, it remains uncertain whether the two cohorts possessed comparable tumor and patient characteristics, including comorbidities that could serve as competing risk factors for mortality, mainly since OS is the designated primary endpoint rather than disease-specific survival.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; However, more precise comparative data are needed for definitive conclusions because selection biases favoring surgical groups are a common finding in retrospective studies. Due to the common occurrence of selection biases favoring surgical studies in retrospective studies.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Therefore, to prevent highly toxic and futile therapies, we recommend using propensity score matching methods to balance the confounding variables between groups until the results of well-designed, large-scale, randomized clinical trial data become avai","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11645472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic and microscopic video modules are effective for teaching middle ear anatomy","authors":"Leona J. Tu BS,&nbsp;Obinna I. Nwosu MD,&nbsp;Doug Chieffe MD,&nbsp;Elissa Daniel,&nbsp;Michael S. Cohen MD","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70044","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the efficacy of video modules in improving trainees' objective knowledge of middle ear anatomy and to compare the efficacy of using the endoscope to the microscope in video modules.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Medical students and residents were recruited. Two videos reviewing middle ear anatomy were developed. One video was recorded using an endoscope and the other using a microscope. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the endoscopic or microscopic video module group. A 20-question knowledge assessment designed to assess understanding of anatomic concepts was administered to all subjects prior to the intervention. After completing the endoscopic or microscopic video modules, subjects were administered the same knowledge assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 62 subjects recruited, 32 were randomized to the endoscope group and 30 to the microscope group. Eleven subjects completed all components of the assessment in the endoscope group and nine in the microscope group. Subjects in the endoscope group demonstrated a mean 12.3% increase in assessment scores (SD 9.1%, <i>p</i> = .0008), compared to a mean 11.7% increase in assessment scores in the microscope group (SD 9.4%, <i>p</i> = .0002). When controlling for pretest scores, there was no significant difference in posttest performance between the two groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brief video modules effectively improved objective short-term knowledge of middle ear anatomy. Although both groups demonstrated a significant improvement in knowledge, there was no significant difference in the educational utility of endoscopic videos compared to microscopic videos. Further studies with larger sample sizes may help quantify which modalities are optimal for teaching.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher expression of mir-31-5p is associated with reduced risk of head and neck keloid recurrence following surgical resection","authors":"Albert M. Levin PhD,&nbsp;Oghenefejiro Okifo MD,&nbsp;Katherine Buhl MD,&nbsp;Takahiro Ouchi MD,&nbsp;Bianca Parker MD,&nbsp;Jessica Tan MD,&nbsp;Indrani Datta MS,&nbsp;Xiangguo Dai PhD,&nbsp;Yalei Chen PhD,&nbsp;Nallasivam Palanisamy PhD,&nbsp;Jesse Veenstra MD, PhD,&nbsp;Shannon Carskadon MS,&nbsp;Jia Li PhD,&nbsp;David Ozog MD,&nbsp;Christian E. Keller MD,&nbsp;Dhananjay Chitale MD, MBA,&nbsp;Kevin R. Bobbitt PhD,&nbsp;Howard C. Crawford PhD,&nbsp;Nina Steele PhD,&nbsp;Qing-Sheng Mi MD, PhD,&nbsp;Lamont R. Jones MD, MBA","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70040","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we aimed to evaluate mir-31-5p as a prognostic biomarker of keloid disease (KD) recurrence using a retrospective, treatment naïve, surgical cohort of head and neck KD cases from Henry Ford Health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using a tissue microarray, mir-31-5p expression was measured with miRNAscope, and mir-31-5p cell positivity was determined with QuPath. Logistic regression was used to test the association between mir-31-5p positive cells and KD recurrence at 1 year. In an independent dataset, associations between mir-31-5p and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were assessed. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified target genes and pathways impacted by mir-31-5p.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 58 KD patients, 42 (72%) received adjuvant triamcinolone injections, and 8 recurred (14%). mir-31-5p was expressed in 48 (83%) specimens. Increasing mir-31-5p expression was associated with decreased risk of recurrence (<i>p</i> = .031), with an odds ratio of 0.86 (95% CI 0.75–0.98) for each 20% increase in mir-31-5p cellular positivity. This effect persisted with triamcinolone treatment (odds ratio 0.82; 95% CI 0.71–0.95; <i>p</i> = .015). mir-31-5p correlated with gene expression enriched in KD pathways, including mRNA splicing and autophagy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Taken together, our data supports the association between mir-31-5p expression and KD recurrence. Its potential as a prognostic biomarker should be further investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Level 2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of gene therapy for sensorineural hearing loss in mouse model: A meta-analysis","authors":"Nevra Keskin Yilmaz DVM, PhD,&nbsp;Dogukan Ozen DVM, PhD,&nbsp;Rafael da Costa Monsanto MD, PhD,&nbsp;Emre Ocak MD, MSc,&nbsp;Artur Koerig Schuster MD,&nbsp;Tomotaka Shimura MD,&nbsp;Sebahattin Cureoglu MD","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70048","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a disorder characterized by the loss or impairment of cochlear hair cells or the auditory nerve. In recent years, gene therapy has emerged as a promising approach for SNHL treatment. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of gene therapy on the restoration or improvement of auditory function in mouse model with loss or impairment of hearing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies with clear experimental designs, and auditory brainstem response (ABR) analysis as relevant outcome measures were included by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The PRISMA guideline was used for abstracting data and assessing data quality and validity. A quantitative synthesis was performed using a random effects model to examine the effect of gene therapy on auditory function in SNHL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nine articles including 71 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. These studies explored therapies targeting the TMC1, VGLUT3, USH1C, CLRN1, WHRN, and PJVK genes, with genetic material ranging from 1.8 × 10¹¹ and 1.4 × 10¹⁴ gc/mL being delivered to the inner ear through round window membrane, cochleostomy, or posterior semicircular canal injection methods. The hearing test results showed a significant mean difference of 26.91 dB (95% CI: 22.01–31.85) in favor of the experimental group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although promising results have been obtained regarding the potential success of gene therapy in SNHL, further investigation is needed to explore the long-term effects of gene therapy, treatment response rates, and the relationships between different genetic mutation types.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Otolaryngologist surgical preferences for orbital decompression in thyroid eye disease: A North American survey","authors":"Ryan C. Higgins MD,&nbsp;Ciaran F. Lane MSC, MD, FRCSC,&nbsp;Neerav Goyal MD, MPH, FACS","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70051","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Orbital decompression is recommended for TED especially in the treatment of severe, refractory cases yet there are no clear guidelines regarding the optimal surgical approach. Previously conducted surveys assessed variations in the management of TED but only amongst ophthalmologists. Our study attempts to better characterize surgical and perioperative preferences amongst otolaryngologists in the management of TED.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A survey was administered to the American Rhinologic Society and Canadian Society of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery via REDCap with 52 total respondents. Respondent demographic information and pre-operative management, procedural specifics, and post-operative management preferences were collected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The majority of respondents practiced in a metropolitan (82.7%), academic setting (73.1%) and received subspecialty training in Rhinology &amp; Skull Base Surgery (88.9%). Most elected for corticosteroids (63.5%) and medical management (69.2%) prior to orbital decompression but did not use any classification system (86.5%). Orbital decompression was most often done with ophthalmology collaboration (71.2%). Removal of two bony walls (55.8%) via medial wall (97.9%) and orbital floor (72.3%) removal was most preferred. Removal of one orbital fat aspect (60.6%) via the medial fat pad was most preferred. Combined bone and fat removal (59.6%) completed via an endoscopic approach (71.2% and 97.0%, respectively) was most common. Post-operatively, most patients were not admitted (88.4%) with saline nasal rinses (92.3%) utilized by most respondents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This survey completed by otolaryngologists highlights several key distinctions in the preferred surgical approach during orbital decompression and the perioperative management of TED when compared to ophthalmologists and current recommendations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Level 4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing transport methods to preserve function of self-innervating muscle cells for laryngeal injection","authors":"Samuel L. Kaefer BA,&nbsp;Lujuan Zhang MD,&nbsp;Sarah Brookes DVM, PhD,&nbsp;Rachel A. Morrison PhD,&nbsp;Sherry Voytik-Harbin PhD,&nbsp;Stacey Halum MD, FACS","doi":"10.1002/lio2.1259","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.1259","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recently, our laboratory has discovered a self-innervating population of muscle cells, called motor endplate-expressing cells (MEEs). The cells innately release a wide variety of neurotrophic factors into the microenvironment promoting innervation when used as an injectable treatment. Unlike other stem cells, the therapeutic potential of MEEs is dependent on the cells' ability to maintain phenotypical cell surface proteins in particular motor endplates (MEPs). The goal of this study is to identify transport conditions that preserve MEE viability and self-innervating function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) of adult Yucatan pigs were cultured and induced to generate MEEs. Effects of short-term cryopreservation methods were studied on MPC and MEE stages. A minimally supplemented medium was investigated for suspension-mediated transport, and MEEs were loaded at a constant concentration (1 × 10⁷ cells/mL) into plastic syringes. Samples were subjected to varying temperatures (4, 22, and 37°C) and durations (6, 18, 24, and 48 h), which was followed by statistical analysis of viability. Transport conditions maintaining viability acceptable for cellular therapy were examined for apoptosis rates and expression of desired myogenic, neurotrophic, neuromuscular junction, and angiogenic genes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cryopreservation proved detrimental to our cell population. However, a minimally supplemented medium, theoretically safe for injection, was identified. Transport temperature and duration impacted cell viability, with warmer temperatures leading to faster death rates prior to the end of the study. Transport conditions did not appear to affect apoptotic rate. Any expression change of desirable genes fell within the acceptable range.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transport state, medium, duration, and temperature must be considered during the transport of injectable muscle cells as they can affect cell viability and expression of integral genes. These described factors are integral in the planning of general cell transport and may prove equally important when the cell population utilized for laryngeal injection is derived from a patient's own initial muscle biopsy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11625686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Otosclerosis and the evolution of stapes surgery: A historical and otopathological study","authors":"Dilshan Rajan,&nbsp;Sebahattin Cureoglu MD,&nbsp;Meredith E. Adams MD,&nbsp;Rafael Monsanto MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70045","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the historical evolution of surgical techniques for otosclerosis treatment, viewed through the lens of human temporal bone pathology to aid in understanding the disease and refining surgical interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Data sources</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A review of historical literature on otosclerosis, surgical techniques, and otopathological findings was conducted. Eight temporal bone specimens from the Paparella Otopathology &amp; Pathogenesis Laboratory, University of Minnesota, and one from the University of California, Los Angeles, were analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Review methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We selected two temporal bones from donors who underwent four different types of surgical procedures for otosclerosis: stapes mobilization, fenestration, stapedectomy, and stapedotomy. One successful and one complication case was selected for each procedure. Histopathological analysis was performed to assess the outcomes and complications associated with each technique.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study chronicles the progression of otosclerosis surgery from the stapes mobilization to modern stapedectomy and stapedotomy techniques. Initial procedures, like stapes mobilization and fenestration, yielded limited and temporary results with significant complications. The introduction of stapedectomy marked a significant improvement, with better long-term outcomes. Histopathological analysis revealed insights into the causes of surgical failures and complications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Otosclerosis surgery has evolved significantly, driven by advances in otopathology and surgical technology. While earlier techniques offered limited success, modern procedures like stapedectomy and stapedotomy provide improved outcomes and fewer complications. Ongoing research promises further advancements in the field, improving patient care and surgical efficacy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11622312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracheoesophageal puncture and quality of life after total laryngectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Raika Bourmand MSc,&nbsp;Sofia E. Olsson BS,&nbsp;Arman Fijany MD","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70050","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lio2.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Total laryngectomy (TL) is a standard induction treatment for laryngeal cancer. Patients have shown decreased quality of life (QOL) following laryngectomy potentially due to its impact on communication. This study is a systematic review of the effects of TEP on QOL in TL patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data was extracted from PubMed, Ovid Medline, and Web of Science. A systematic review of literature assessing QOL after TEP within the last decade was conducted using PRISMA methodology. The initial search yielded 71 publications filtered to 15 after removing duplicates, non-English publications, and title screening. Two researchers independently reviewed abstracts, and 11 articles were retained. After a full article review, 6 examined QOL in TEP patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The studies concluded that post-TL, patients with TEP experienced improved QOL than before the procedure or non-TEP alternatives for speech. The collective sample size yielded 253 patients. Meta-analysis demonstrated significant improvement in QOL described by the University of Washington—Quality of Life Index (<i>p</i> &lt; .0001) and insignificant improvement defined by the Voice Handicap Index (<i>p</i> = .07). Several additional indices were included in the articles, all of which indicated improved QOL in TL patients post-TEP. These scales could not undergo meta-analysis due to their presence in only 1 study each.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TEP is a valuable intervention in improving patient QOL and satisfaction following TL. There is no standardized tool for describing QOL in TL patients, so the authors recommend tools be chosen based on the specific aspects of QOL they represent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2a.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}