Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science最新文献

{"title":"Multidimensional nonstationary Gaidai reliability assessment for UIKKU tanker operational safety, by novel 4-parameter Weibull estimator","authors":"Oleg Gaidai ,&nbsp;Shicheng He ,&nbsp;Mahmoud El-Wazery ,&nbsp;Ahmed Elkelity ,&nbsp;Alaa Elsayed ,&nbsp;Jinlu Sheng ,&nbsp;Yan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This benchmark case study introduces recently developed state-of-the-art general purpose multi-modal nonstationary reliability assessment method for marine, offshore, and naval structures, suitable for physically measured multidimensional dynamic systems. Existing reliability methodologies predominantly focus on univariate or bivariate systems, frequently failing to adequately address the interdependencies among the key components of high dimensional systems. The principal research aim of this case study was to illustrate the technical potential and adaptability of the proposed recently developed multimodal reliability approach through its application to the onboard dynamic measurements collected during Arctic operation of Finnish UIKKU oil/chemical tanker. The hull of the UIKKU tanker encountered ice loads throughout its polar expedition, making it pertinent to evaluate potential risks of structural hull damage. The UIKKU's vessel hull was outfitted to monitor ice-induced strains and loadings in real-time at multiple crucial (hot-spot) he hull plating locations. The overall structural behavior of the vessel during intermittent collisions with surrounding ice ridges was examined by measuring longitudinal bending stresses and vertical accelerations. This case study's findings may enhance the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) standards and standardization for commercial polar vessels. Advocated multivariate reliability concept is aimed at aiding vessel captains in case reliability factors are analyzed in real time using live streaming sensor data, according to DNV requirements.</div><div>Novelty of this case study lies in cross-validation of the proposed multidimensional reliability concept, employing comprehensive unfiltered onboard sensor-measured data as input, combined with a novel 4-parameter Weibull maximum likelihood estimator with semi-analytical model parameter solution. The proposed generic multidimensional structural reliability concept facilitates precise design prognostics for nonstationary multivariate systems, characterized by multiple failure modes and nonlinear interdependencies among critical components or dimensions of the system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 458-468"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147755710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustic characterization of deep-sea manganese nodule coverage using multi-classifier decision fusion","authors":"Wenjun Li ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Cui ,&nbsp;Xiaohu Li ,&nbsp;Miao Fan ,&nbsp;Zhenggang Li ,&nbsp;Kehong Yang ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Fanlin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rich in multiple strategic rare metals, deep-sea manganese nodules constitute an essential mineral resource for balancing terrestrial resource supply and demand and facilitating the global energy transition. Accurate prediction of nodule coverage is a key parameter for evaluating deep-sea mineral resources. However, the complex and heterogeneous nature of the deep-sea environment means that traditional detection methods for surface sediments and manganese nodules primarily focus on categorical classification, making quantitative assessment of indicators such as seafloor polymetallic nodule coverage challenging. To address these challenges, this study proposes an acoustic characterization method for deep-sea manganese nodule coverage based on multi-classifier ensemble decision fusion. First, terrain and backscatter intensity features derived from deep-water multibeam sonar data were extracted and analyzed, and the Boruta algorithm was employed to optimize the high-dimensional feature space. Second, a robust sliding-window estimation method was applied to suppress gross errors in the feature images. Finally, an improved Stacking-based ensemble prediction model was developed to achieve continuous spatial characterization of nodule coverage through the integration of multiple classifiers. Validation using deep-sea multibeam sonar data and ground truth samples from the western Clarion–Clipperton Zone (CCZ) demonstrates that the proposed approach achieves a prediction accuracy of 93.21% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.8962. Compared with Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Back Propagation Neural Network, Decision Tree, and K-Nearest Neighbors classifiers, the proposed model improved prediction accuracy by 2.35%, 39.06%, 14%, 7.33%, and 3.69%, respectively. The proposed method effectively delineates the spatial distribution of manganese nodule coverage and provides methodological support for environmental baseline assessment and resource exploration in deep-sea environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 488-503"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147755738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the chip particle shape of deep-sea seafloor massive sulfide on collection characteristics","authors":"Bei Zhang ,&nbsp;Haining Lu ,&nbsp;Jianmin Yang ,&nbsp;Zhongqin Lin ,&nbsp;Shihang Liu ,&nbsp;Liwen Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investigations into the collection of seafloor massive sulfides have had a relatively late start, with few related achievements. Moreover, most existing studies have focused on the collection of spherical particles. Therefore, the influence of particle shape on collection characteristics has not been fully investigated. This study develops a computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method coupling method with particle shape characterized by sphericity. The collection characteristics of four types of chip particles with sphericity of 0.671, 0.806, 0.911, and 1 were investigated. The results indicate that the collection mechanisms of the particles with the four sphericities were consistent. However, as sphericity increases, the mass of both collected and escaped particles increases, while collection efficiency decreases. Moreover, the main escape directions of the four types of particles align with the wake direction of rotation. In addition, as sphericity increases, the drag force borne by particles decreases, average number of particle collisions decreases, and minimum collection time is correspondingly shortened. This study provides a more solid theoretical basis for studies on non-spherical particle collection and has significant practical engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 577-596"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147755703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of gas density, leakage pressure, and solid content on gas plume dynamics in soil slurries: A holistic perspective of underwater pipeline leaks","authors":"Jun Cheng Kho ,&nbsp;Ze Zheng Wong ,&nbsp;Mohd-Zulhilmi Ismadi ,&nbsp;Chern Hong Lim ,&nbsp;Siang Piao Chai ,&nbsp;Mavinakere Eshwaraiah Raghunandan","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Underwater gas pipelines are vital for energy transportation but are often subjected to harsh environments, and any leakage can have significant environmental consequences. Substantial underestimation of gas plume formation resulting from subsea pipeline leakage can severely affect on-site personnel and the surrounding marine environment. Current studies mainly demonstrate the impact of leakage conditions on underwater gas plume formation while neglecting the impact of suspended sediments in natural muddy water. Using comprehensive experiment-based numerical parametric evaluations, this research investigates the relationship between gas leakage parameters (gas density and leakage pressure) and its leaking environment (solid content) on the gas plume dynamics in soil slurry. The methodology involves computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations calibrated using experimental measurements to achieve the research objective. Our findings highlight gas density as the primary factor driving plume formation through buoyancy. Higher gas densities result in longer rising times, lower fountain heights, and smaller plume diameters due to decreased buoyant force. Additionally, increasing leakage pressure can enhance plume formation by facilitating faster rises, as well as increasing fountain heights and diameters due to increased gas momentum. Increasing solid contents in the surrounding fluid medium significantly hinders plume formation, resulting in longer rising times and smaller plume dimensions due to increased drag. With the growing demand for hydrogen-based fuel gas transportation and potential changes in the transport environment, the established relationship from this research can provide insights into a comprehensive and holistic risk assessment of underwater gas pipeline leaks, further enhancing process safety and environmental factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 428-444"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147755701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The conceptual design of a novel offshore borehole mining technology and study on granularization principle","authors":"Zichen Xu ,&nbsp;Tong Shen ,&nbsp;Xuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Mian Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, subsea mining is primarily limited to sea sand extraction and deep-sea mining that focus mainly on mining activities at the seabed surface. These conventional methods not only pose significant environmental risks but are also struggles to exploit sub-seabed mineral deposits. It is necessary to explore new methods, new technologies and new equipment for the safe and efficient development of resources within the strata beneath the ocean floor without damaging the seabed and the marine environment. In this study, a novel offshore borehole mining technical concept is proposed for extracting mineral resources from sub-seabed marine strata. In addition, This study further investigated the granulation law of rocks under energy injection conditions based on the proposed concept of offshore borehole mining technology, and providing robust theoretical support for the offshore borehole mining technical concept.</div><div>Furthermore, this study presents the offshore borehole mining technology and equipment.The offshore borehole mining process utilizes a complex wellbore network, drilled from a offshore platform into the underlying mineral deposits. The wellbore system enables three-dimensional, controlled mining centered around the well axis. A serpentine, flexible borehole mining equipment is deployed into the well to facilitate ore extraction and transport. Solid minerals are mined in a controlled manner via a network of slurry-filled chambers. Upon completion of mining, tailings or aggregates are used for in-situ backfilling, thereby enabling efficient extraction of mineral resources beneath the seabed without the need for personnel to enter the shafts or construct tunnels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 638-648"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147755705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, perception, planning and control for underwater cleaning robotics: Progress, challenges and trends","authors":"Tianyi Fu ,&nbsp;Bingxiong Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Runtong Ai ,&nbsp;Jincun Liu ,&nbsp;Cong Wang ,&nbsp;Daoliang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional electromechanical cleaning equipment remains overly dependent on human assistance when performing cleaning tasks in unstructured marine environments. With the rapid development of robotic technologies, underwater cleaning robots (UCRs) have emerged as a promising alternative, significantly improving the efficiency of underwater cleaning operations. Existing reviews on underwater cleaning robots predominantly focus on either a single cleaning environment or a specific cleaning technology. In contrast, this review is structured around the sequential workflow of UCRs, providing a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art research from the past decade across various underwater environments. Specifically, the review analyzes key technological aspects across this workflow, spanning from the recognition of contaminants and debris, through path planning and motion control, to the final execution of cleaning operations. The close interconnections among these components ensure effective and continuous underwater cleaning performance. While this broad scope necessarily involves a trade-off in technical depth for any single subsystem, it enables the identification of overarching research gaps. Consequently, driven by the increasingly intelligent trends exhibited by the continuous development of the underwater robotics industry, this review proposes future research directions focusing on multi-modal data fusion, lightweight design, efficient propulsion-cleaning integration, and the adoption of digital twin and embodied intelligence frameworks. These efforts are expected to not only advance the technological maturity of UCRs, but also contribute to long-term goals in marine environmental protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 614-637"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147755704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peridynamic approach to sea ice deformation and fracture: A focus on time-dependent behaviour using the Maxwell model","authors":"Yuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenjun Lu ,&nbsp;Raed Lubbad ,&nbsp;Knut Vilhelm Høyland ,&nbsp;Sveinung Løset ,&nbsp;Andrei Tsarau","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sea ice fracture is a time-dependent process in which viscous relaxation delays the onset of cracking in the short term, but accumulated deformation and energy dissipation over long loading times can still lead to fracture propagation. This is evidenced by both laboratory and field experiments, with known phenomena such as creep and stress relaxation. This time-dependent material behaviour becomes particularly pronounced at larger temporal scales. In this study, we present a peridynamic (PD) approach, a particle integral scheme, to simulate the time-dependent deformation and fracture of sea ice. PD's inherent capability to handle crack initiation and multi-crack propagation offers a powerful alternative to mesh-based methods. We augment the linear-elastic constitutive relationship in the PD framework with a viscous relaxation term derived from Maxwell's theory. Our developed model is applied to idealized simulations of tensile creep-recovery deformation and time-dependent splitting fracture of sea ice, providing insights into crack propagation dynamics. This work contributes to advancing the understanding of the capability of PD methods to predict the mechanical behaviour of sea ice and offers an alternative methodology with the potential to address time-dependent fractures inherent towards larger-scale ice fracture scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 543-562"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147755708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phased manifold-based RRT*: An optimized motion planning approach for autonomous bow-in berthing of inland vessels","authors":"Wenzhou Yan ,&nbsp;Chenguang Liu ,&nbsp;Zhibo He ,&nbsp;Xiumin Chu ,&nbsp;Darong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the issue of autonomous bow-in berthing for inland vessels under environmental influence, a phased manifold-based rapidly-exploring random tree star (PMRRT*) approach is proposed for the trajectory and posture planning (TPP). A systematic framework for bow-in berthing, employing a U-turn or alongside strategy, is developed by partitioning its procedure into collision-free berthing phase and the terminal berthing phase. In the first collision-free berthing phase, the constraint manifold is incorporated to the RRT* algorithm based on water depth, flow, vessel’s dynamics. Meanwhile, the sampling space of RRT* is extended from the configuration space to the state space, and each branch samples the vessel’s position, heading and speed, all constrained by the corresponding dynamic constraint manifolds. The second terminal berthing phase initiates when the vessel is positioned close to the berth, at which point a Bezier curve is employed to design the motion trajectory, considering the orientations of the terminal points. Then, throughout the motion, the vessel’s speed and heading are allocated based on the geometric characteristics of the motion, and an inverse proportional function is applied to regulate the vessel’s speed continuous decay. Simulational experiments with actual water depth and flow data demonstrate that the proposed PMRRT* method achieves higher berthing accuracy compared to traditional RRT*, artificial potential field, and A-star methods, the final heading error remains within 8°, meanwhile achieving the lower steering frequency and reduced heading fluctuations with acceptable computational real-time performance. Moreover, the scale-model berthing experiments in real-world tank further verify the effectiveness of the PMRRT* strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 524-542"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147755740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation and swimming performance evaluation on self-propelled hydrodynamics of hybrid-driven biomimetic robotic fish","authors":"Fagang Bai ,&nbsp;Zekai Wang ,&nbsp;Xingyao Wang ,&nbsp;Pingshun Ren ,&nbsp;Yanjun Liu ,&nbsp;Gang Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Widespread attention has been drawn to the underwater biomimetic robotic fish due to its excellent agility and little environmental disturbance. A hybrid-driven bionic robotic fish outfitted with dual-propeller thrusters is suggested in an effort to enhance the robotic fish’s capacity to adapt to its surroundings and perform better in mobility. The hybrid-driven robotic fish’s self-propelled motion is simulated numerically by CFD, and its hydrodynamic performance is assessed. Its swimming performance under the influence of a single propulsion mode and the coupling of hybrid propulsion modes is methodically examined using a unified kinematic model and various self-propelled motion circumstances. These results demonstrate that the hybrid-driven robotic fish has better speed stability in higher speed swimming conditions and higher energy utilization in maintaining low <em>Re</em> number and high <em>St</em> number swimming conditions. It is also found that the longitudinal hydrodynamic coefficient of the caudal fin increases significantly with the increase of the <em>St</em> number, and the tail can’t provide thrust assistance to the robotic fish when the <em>St</em> number is less than about 0.3. The pertinent findings have some bearing on how the new hybrid-driven robotic fish is designed, modeled, and configured in terms of drive parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 362-380"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147755742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-optimal trajectory planning for unmanned ships along a specified path based on the phase plane","authors":"Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinxin Wang ,&nbsp;Jiawei Wang ,&nbsp;Hongbo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the under-explored dynamic characteristics of unmanned ships in trajectory planning by constructing a constraint space in the navigation state-phase plane. First, we employ a path-velocity decoupling approach to transform the vessel's inherently complex, multi-state dynamic model into a single-state-variable representation. This decoupling separates geometric path planning from speed scheduling, reducing computational complexity. Next, through targeted variable transformations and parameter adjustments, we introduce a path influence suppression mechanism that minimizes geometric effects on speed dynamics, yielding a simplified model with one state variable and one control input. Building on this foundation, we propose the Finite Trajectory Phase-Plane (FTP) method to derive the Maximum Feasible Velocity Curve (MFVC). By analyzing the hull's hydrodynamic forces and resistance, we establish inequality constraints in the phase plane and delineate the feasible region for velocity as a function of path position. A prescribed speed-task schedule further refines this region, enabling precise computation of the MFVC and achieving optimal path-speed matching. Finally, we validate our methodology through trajectory planning and tracking control experiments involving Lissajous figure and irregular curve. Under various curvature conditions, the FTP method successfully yields time-optimal trajectories that fully respect the ship's dynamic constraints. Experimental results confirm that the proposed approach enhances trajectory accuracy, feasibility, and practical operability for autonomous unmanned ship navigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 469-487"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147755709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}