npj Science of Learning最新文献

Lab perceptual training and robot-assisted training in improving speech prosody of autistic children. 实验室知觉训练和机器人辅助训练对自闭症儿童语音韵律的改善。

IF 3 1区心理学

npj Science of Learning Pub Date : 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-026-00425-7

Si Chen, Bruce Xiao Wang, James Chung-Wai Cheung, Fang Zhou, Yitian Hong, Bei Li, Angel Chan, Tempo Po Yi Tang, Bin Li, Zhuoming Chen, Chunyi Wen

{"title":"Lab perceptual training and robot-assisted training in improving speech prosody of autistic children.","authors":"Si Chen, Bruce Xiao Wang, James Chung-Wai Cheung, Fang Zhou, Yitian Hong, Bei Li, Angel Chan, Tempo Po Yi Tang, Bin Li, Zhuoming Chen, Chunyi Wen","doi":"10.1038/s41539-026-00425-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00425-7","url":null,"abstract":"Children with autism spectrum disorder are known to exhibit both social and language difficulties. Speech prosody is known to be easily noticeable, which has been shown to have far-reaching influences in the academic and social life of autistic individuals. This study examined two training programs on the speech prosody of autistic children, who tend to avoid social speech signals. The first program is a lab perceptual training program without social interaction, while the second utilizes a social robot to provide training with controlled, simulated social interaction. Ninety-two children in total were recruited with sixty-nine participants formally diagnosed with ASD and twenty-three children were typically developing children without any language or speech disorder. Our results showed that both lab perceptual training and robot-assisted training with simulated social interactions led to improvement in the use of speech prosody by autistic children. Although social interaction is considered critical in language acquisition for typical population, autistic individuals tend not to prefer social speech signals, which is hypothesized to lead to their social and language deficits. This study hence proposes two successful alternative ways to facilitate their learning of language through lab perceptual training and simulated human-robot interaction.","PeriodicalId":48503,"journal":{"name":"npj Science of Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypothesis testing governs strategic motor learning. 假设检验管理策略性动作学习。

IF 3 1区心理学

npj Science of Learning Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-026-00428-4

Wei Ding, Anjuli Niyogi, Jordan A Taylor, Jonathan S Tsay

{"title":"Hypothesis testing governs strategic motor learning.","authors":"Wei Ding, Anjuli Niyogi, Jordan A Taylor, Jonathan S Tsay","doi":"10.1038/s41539-026-00428-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00428-4","url":null,"abstract":"How do people discover an effective movement strategy when the environment abruptly changes-such as when using the trackpad on an unfamiliar laptop? Strategic adaptation is often described as a reinforcement learning process characterized by two key features: random exploration followed by gradual error reduction. We propose a different view in which strategic adaptation operates through hypothesis testing: learners generate specific action-outcome hypotheses about the environmental change, discount those that conflict with feedback, and continue testing alternatives until they discover the correct rule. To adjudicate between these accounts, we conducted two large-scale experiments using a visuomotor rotation task designed to isolate strategic adaptation under different target arrangements (N = 560). Individual learning trajectories showed pronounced exploration but were far from random, exhibiting structured, multimodal error distributions. Moreover, participants did not converge on the solution gradually; instead, they discovered it abruptly. Critically, strategic adaptation depended on target arrangement: some configurations steered participants toward the correct rotational hypothesis, whereas others led them to alternate between rotational and translational hypotheses. Together, these findings position hypothesis testing as a core mechanism governing strategic motor learning.","PeriodicalId":48503,"journal":{"name":"npj Science of Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Benefits of classroom remote microphone technology for inattentive children. 教室远程麦克风技术对注意力不集中的孩子的好处。

IF 3 1区心理学

npj Science of Learning Pub Date : 2026-05-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-026-00427-5

Lucy Shiels, Dani Tomlin, Jonathan M Payne, Gary Rance

{"title":"Benefits of classroom remote microphone technology for inattentive children.","authors":"Lucy Shiels, Dani Tomlin, Jonathan M Payne, Gary Rance","doi":"10.1038/s41539-026-00427-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00427-5","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effectiveness of remote microphone technology (RMT) for children with inattention and associated listening difficulties. A two-phase trial was conducted. Phase one was a 4-week randomized controlled crossover trial (n = 35), assessing listening and attention in noise with and without RMT. Phase two was a 30-week extension trial following participants continuing with RMT (n = 20) and controls (n = 17). Auditory processing, attention, memory and reading fluency were assessed before and after the extension. Questionnaires were administered throughout to monitor progress. In phase one, RMT use significantly improved speech intelligibility, listening comprehension, and auditory attention (P < 0.05). Participants reported improved classroom listening and ADHD symptoms (P < 0.05). In phase two, the experimental group showed greater improvement in reading fluency and self-reported quality of life (P < 0.01) compared to controls, with no significant differences in auditory processing or cognitive skills. These findings support RMT as an effective intervention for inattentive children with listening difficulties in educational settings. Clinical Trial Registration: Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. Registration date: 18/05/2023. Clinical Trial Numbers: ACTRN12623000512628. ACTRN12623000511639. Web links to study: https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=385642&isReview=true. https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=385560&isReview=true.","PeriodicalId":48503,"journal":{"name":"npj Science of Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recover or discover: How outcome feedback shapes response patterns within game spaces. 恢复或发现：结果反馈如何影响游戏空间中的反应模式。

IF 3 1区心理学

npj Science of Learning Pub Date : 2026-04-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-026-00414-w

Yajing Zhang, Benjamin James Dyson

引用次数: 0

Effects of Tai Chi on attentional bias in men with methamphetamine use disorder. 太极对甲基苯丙胺使用障碍患者注意偏倚的影响。

IF 3 1区心理学

npj Science of Learning Pub Date : 2026-04-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-026-00426-6

Ling Zhang, Youjia Li, Liang Wang, Xinhui Zhang, Yuliang Sun, Shaokai He, Wenfei Zhu

{"title":"Effects of Tai Chi on attentional bias in men with methamphetamine use disorder.","authors":"Ling Zhang, Youjia Li, Liang Wang, Xinhui Zhang, Yuliang Sun, Shaokai He, Wenfei Zhu","doi":"10.1038/s41539-026-00426-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00426-6","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the rehabilitative effects of a 12-week Tai Chi intervention on attentional bias and prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation in men with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). Forty-eight male participants were randomized into a Tai Chi group or a moderate-intensity treadmill-running control group, of whom 44 completed the study and were included in the final analysis. Attentional bias scores and synchronous PFC activation via functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were assessed using a visual dot-probe paradigm. Compared to the control group, the Tai Chi group exhibited a significant reduction in attentional bias scores. Furthermore, oxy-hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) beta values in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), and frontopolar area (FPA) were significantly better maintained (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that 12 weeks of moderate-intensity Tai Chi is associated with reduced methamphetamine-related attentional bias and better maintained PFC oxy-Hb beta values, which may reflect improved attentional regulation in men during drug rehabilitation. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400083490); URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=228812; Registered 26 April 2024.","PeriodicalId":48503,"journal":{"name":"npj Science of Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147718451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Executive functions as mediators of early educational disparities by SES, gender and birth month. 社会经济地位、性别和出生月份对早期教育差异的中介作用。

IF 3 1区心理学

npj Science of Learning Pub Date : 2026-04-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-026-00422-w

Margot Rémeau, Philippe Schmitt, Grégoire Borst

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal associations between sedentary behavior types and mathematics ability mediated by externalizing and internalizing problems. 外化和内化问题介导的久坐行为类型与数学能力的纵向关联。

IF 3 1区心理学

npj Science of Learning Pub Date : 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-026-00424-8

Kaiqi Guan, Zhihao Zhang, Zijun Liu, Dominika M Pindus, Charles H Hillman, Qian Yu, Arthur F Kramer, Jin Kuang, Kirk I Erickson, Fabian Herold, Mats Hallgren, Matthew Heath, Ronghuan Jiang, André O Werneck, Xia Xu, Liye Zou

{"title":"Longitudinal associations between sedentary behavior types and mathematics ability mediated by externalizing and internalizing problems.","authors":"Kaiqi Guan, Zhihao Zhang, Zijun Liu, Dominika M Pindus, Charles H Hillman, Qian Yu, Arthur F Kramer, Jin Kuang, Kirk I Erickson, Fabian Herold, Mats Hallgren, Matthew Heath, Ronghuan Jiang, André O Werneck, Xia Xu, Liye Zou","doi":"10.1038/s41539-026-00424-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00424-8","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the associations between sedentary behavior (SB) at age 11 and mathematics ability at age 17, and assessed the mediating effect of internalizing and externalizing problems at age 14, using UK Millennium Cohort Study data (N = 3622; 53% male). Self-reported frequency of SB (listening to music, Internet use, reading, and playing games) and parental-reported SB duration (time spent on TV viewing and doing homework) were collected at age 11. Behavioral issues were assessed at age 14 via the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Mathematics ability was examined at age 17 using the Number Analogies Activity Task. Negative binomial regression and mediation analysis (med4way in Stata) were applied. Among female adolescents, reading, doing homework, and using the Internet were positively associated with mathematics ability. For males, TV viewing was negatively associated with mathematics ability, mediated by internalizing problems. Findings suggest that in children sex-dependent association between SB characteristics and mathematical abilities exists, implying that future initiatives targeting SB may consider leveraging sex-specific interventions.","PeriodicalId":48503,"journal":{"name":"npj Science of Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Producing concept-motivated signs supports learning of STEM in American Sign Language. 产生概念驱动的手势支持美国手语STEM的学习。

IF 3 1区心理学

npj Science of Learning Pub Date : 2026-04-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-026-00418-6

Rachel Sortino, Christina Kim, Thalia Guettler, Katie McClyman, Lorna Quandt, Alicia Wooten, Rachel Pizzie

引用次数: 0

Neurophysiological prediction of competitive orientation via EEG during outcome evaluation in gamified learning. 游戏化学习结果评价中竞争取向的脑电图神经生理学预测。

IF 3 1区心理学

npj Science of Learning Pub Date : 2026-04-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-026-00420-y

Hiroki Watanabe, Ayato Tabata, Chikara Ishii, Yasushi Naruse

{"title":"Neurophysiological prediction of competitive orientation via EEG during outcome evaluation in gamified learning.","authors":"Hiroki Watanabe, Ayato Tabata, Chikara Ishii, Yasushi Naruse","doi":"10.1038/s41539-026-00420-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00420-y","url":null,"abstract":"Gamification often employs competition-based mechanics to enhance motivation; however, their effectiveness varies depending on an individual's competitive orientation. This study proposes a method to assess competitive orientation using EEG data in a gamified learning environment. Twenty-eight participants completed a gamified mental arithmetic task under two conditions: competing against an opponent (competitive condition) and attempting to surpass their best score (self-referential condition). Event-related potentials (ERPs) in response to outcome feedback-P300, feedback-related negativity, and reward positivity (RewP)-were analyzed. Results showed that RewP amplitude in the competitive condition was significantly correlated with competitive orientation scores. P300 amplitude was associated with the scores regardless of condition. Furthermore, a support vector regression model trained on ERP and behavioral features from the competitive condition predicted competitive orientation scores (r = 0.468). These findings suggest that ERP responses provide objective information for estimating competitive orientation, highlighting a neurophysiological approach to personalized gamification design.","PeriodicalId":48503,"journal":{"name":"npj Science of Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Semantic relatedness and the efficacy of retrieval practice. 语义关联与检索练习的效果。

IF 3 1区心理学

npj Science of Learning Pub Date : 2026-04-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-026-00416-8

Mohan W Gupta, Steven C Pan, Timothy C Rickard

{"title":"Semantic relatedness and the efficacy of retrieval practice.","authors":"Mohan W Gupta, Steven C Pan, Timothy C Rickard","doi":"10.1038/s41539-026-00416-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00416-8","url":null,"abstract":"Retrieval practice (i.e., practice testing) enhances recall relative to other study methods, but it is still unclear when it helps most. Here, we ask if testing is more beneficial for weakly or strongly related word pairs. Participants studied word pairs with either low or high semantic relatedness, then practiced them using either test-with-feedback or restudy. We gave a final cued-recall test 24 hours later. Rather than relying on an ANOVA interaction on proportion correct, which can be hard to interpret when the link between latent memory strength and accuracy is unknown, we evaluated performance using a principled reference model and used cumulative distribution matching. Testing improved recall in both groups, but its benefit was 26% smaller for highly related pairs. This pattern was not explained by ceiling constraints, either across participants or at the item level. The model's characteristic quadratic relation between test and restudy performance held, but the high-relatedness data showed a systematic reduction in the incremental gain from testing. One interpretation consistent with the model is that study and test memory strengths become positively correlated for highly related materials. These results clarify how semantic structure shapes the testing effect and when practice testing is likely to pay off most.","PeriodicalId":48503,"journal":{"name":"npj Science of Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147619231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0