Mahmood Mehrafrooz Mayvan, Andrea Parimuchová, Ľubomír Kováč
{"title":"A new subterranean species of Oncopodura Carl & Lebedinsky, 1905 (Collembola, Entomobryomorpha, Oncopoduridae) from a cave in Northeastern Iran","authors":"Mahmood Mehrafrooz Mayvan, Andrea Parimuchová, Ľubomír Kováč","doi":"10.3897/subtbiol.49.118293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.49.118293","url":null,"abstract":"A new species of Oncopodura (Collembola, Entomobryomorpha, Oncopoduridae) from the Moghan cave in northeastern Iran, built in a carbonate complex of Kopet Dag mountain range, is described. Oncopodura moghanensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from other congeners by (1) 6 long subequal lobes in PAO, each subdivided into 3–6 fingers, (2) dens with 7 dorsal feather-like macrosetae; at basal part with 1 dorsoexternal and 2 dorsointernal hooks, at the distal part with 1 dorsoexternal and 3 dorsointernal hooks, (3) distal part of manubrium with long feather like macrosetae reaching middle part of dens, and (4) mucro with 4 teeth, apical tooth very sharp, and 2 scales at its basal half. A table with diagnostic characters of species related to the Oncopodura moghanensis sp. nov. and an updated key to the world species of Oncopodura are provided.","PeriodicalId":48493,"journal":{"name":"Subterranean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141269625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cavefish dorsoventral axis angle during wall swimming: laterality asymmetry","authors":"J. Espinasa, L. Espinasa","doi":"10.3897/subtbiol.49.121747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.49.121747","url":null,"abstract":"The Astyanax fish exhibits two morphs: an eyed, pigmented surface morph and an eyeless, depigmented cave morph. Previous studies have shown that blind morphs swim nearly parallel to the wall and can sense detailed information about objects by gliding alongside them and sensing changes in the flow field around their body using their lateral line sensory system. Hence, cavefish can build hydrodynamic images of their surroundings. Field observations showed that one of their presumptive prey, mysid shrimp, is predominately found not on the floor, but crawling on the walls. In our study, the angle of the body axis with respect to a vertical wall was measured while fish swam in a tank. Results show that when swimming by a wall, cavefish incline the vertical axis of their body away from the wall. But most significantly, this angle is different when the right side or the left side of their body is oriented towards the wall. Intriguingly, cavefish have a leftward-biased dorso-cranial bend, where the convex side of the head is towards their right side. Other studies have shown behavioral “handedness”. When exhibiting Vibration Attraction Behavior (VAB), cavefish in the field show laterality on the preponderant side they circle to explore a vibrating stimulus. Likewise in larval prey capture (LPC) behavior, larvae strike towards prey preferentially located on one side. Our results support that cavefish also express behavioral lateralization during passive swimming by walls and/or when searching for food that is perched on the walls, such as mysid shrimp.","PeriodicalId":48493,"journal":{"name":"Subterranean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141104258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Espinasa, Abrianna Gutierrez, Amata Hinkle, Matthew L. Niemiller
{"title":"A new genus and species of nicoletiid silverfish (Insecta, Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae) from caves of northern Alabama, USA","authors":"L. Espinasa, Abrianna Gutierrez, Amata Hinkle, Matthew L. Niemiller","doi":"10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986","url":null,"abstract":"A new genus and species of troglobiotic nicoletiid (Insecta, Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae) is described from northern Alabama, USA. The type species was collected from three caves in the Highland Rim section of the Interior Low Plateau physiographic province on the northern side of the Tennessee River Valley. Morphological and genetic analysis using the mitochondrial 16S rRNA locus show that Spinanycta alabamensissp. nov. is quite distinct from related nicoletiids in North America. The species differs from members of other genera by its urosternum I, which in males is modified with a central pointy extension. The new species significantly extends the distribution of cave-dwelling members of the family into the southeastern United States and suggests that additional nicoletiid diversity remains to be discovered from karst regions of the eastern United States.","PeriodicalId":48493,"journal":{"name":"Subterranean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141106838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Fišer, Gregor Bračko, T. Delić, Ž. Fišer, J. Jugovic, Ajda Moškrič, S. Prevorčnik, R. Verovnik, M. Zagmajster, V. Zakšek, Peter Trontelj
{"title":"Professor Boris Sket (1936–2023): the SpeleoBiologist and much more","authors":"C. Fišer, Gregor Bračko, T. Delić, Ž. Fišer, J. Jugovic, Ajda Moškrič, S. Prevorčnik, R. Verovnik, M. Zagmajster, V. Zakšek, Peter Trontelj","doi":"10.3897/subtbiol.48.122645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.48.122645","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>NA</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":48493,"journal":{"name":"Subterranean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Why cave planthoppers study matters: are Cixiidae a subtroglophile lineage? (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha)","authors":"M. Le Cesne, H. Hoch, Yalin Zhang, T. Bourgoin","doi":"10.3897/subtbiol.48.117086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.48.117086","url":null,"abstract":"Planthoppers are an interesting and contrasting model among insects for studying the subterranean environments. Their morphological and ethological adaptations to the underground conditions (complete darkness, lower temperatures, high hygrometry, stability of environmental constants, rarefied food sources, etc.), and their worldwide distribution in both temperate and tropical areas make them an interesting model among invertebrates. In this review, we highlight why cave planthoppers study matters, with particular emphasis on the Cixiidae. The two hypotheses proposed, the ‘climatic relict hypothesis’ and the ‘adaptive shift’, are not sufficient enough to clearly understand and explain the drivers to cavernicoly. Phylogenetic analyses approaches might help to better document and increase our knowledge on such peculiar environments. The singularity of the distribution pattern of the adaptation to cavernicoly in planthoppers raises also interesting questions to investigate and suggest contrasting scenarios to explore further, particularly should the Cixiidae be defined as a subtroglophile lineage?","PeriodicalId":48493,"journal":{"name":"Subterranean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140253434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Niemiller, A. G. Cannizzaro, T. R. Sawicki, David C. Culver
{"title":"A new species of Stygobromus Cope, 1872 (Amphipoda, Crangonyctidae) from a hypotelminorheic seepage spring in Washington, D.C., USA","authors":"M. Niemiller, A. G. Cannizzaro, T. R. Sawicki, David C. Culver","doi":"10.3897/subtbiol.48.112984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.48.112984","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a new species of subterranean amphipod (Amphipoda: Crangonyctidae) in the genus Stygobromus from a hypotelminorheic seepage spring at Shepherd Parkway, part of National Capital East Parks, Washington, D.C., USA, part of the National Park System, using both morphological and genetic approaches. The Anacostia Groundwater Amphipod, S. anacostensissp. nov. is a member of the S. tenuis species group but differs from related congeners based on body size, serrate blade-like edge of both palms of gnathopods 1 and 2, presence of rastellate setae on the posterodistal margin of the carpus of gnathopod 2, and aspects of the second antennae, mandibular palp, pereopods 5–7, uropods 1 and 2, and telson. Moreover, S. anacostensissp. nov. is genetically distinct from S. tenuis in the Washington D.C. metropolitan area. The description of S. anacostensissp. nov. increases the number of described Stygobromus species to eight in the Washington D.C. area and highlights the need for continued biodiversity studies, even in regions that have received considerable attention.","PeriodicalId":48493,"journal":{"name":"Subterranean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Niemiller, A. G. Cannizzaro, T. R. Sawicki, David C. Culver
{"title":"A new species of Stygobromus Cope, 1872 (Amphipoda, Crangonyctidae) from a hypotelminorheic seepage spring in Washington, D.C., USA","authors":"M. Niemiller, A. G. Cannizzaro, T. R. Sawicki, David C. Culver","doi":"10.3897/subtbiol.48.112984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.48.112984","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a new species of subterranean amphipod (Amphipoda: Crangonyctidae) in the genus Stygobromus from a hypotelminorheic seepage spring at Shepherd Parkway, part of National Capital East Parks, Washington, D.C., USA, part of the National Park System, using both morphological and genetic approaches. The Anacostia Groundwater Amphipod, S. anacostensissp. nov. is a member of the S. tenuis species group but differs from related congeners based on body size, serrate blade-like edge of both palms of gnathopods 1 and 2, presence of rastellate setae on the posterodistal margin of the carpus of gnathopod 2, and aspects of the second antennae, mandibular palp, pereopods 5–7, uropods 1 and 2, and telson. Moreover, S. anacostensissp. nov. is genetically distinct from S. tenuis in the Washington D.C. metropolitan area. The description of S. anacostensissp. nov. increases the number of described Stygobromus species to eight in the Washington D.C. area and highlights the need for continued biodiversity studies, even in regions that have received considerable attention.","PeriodicalId":48493,"journal":{"name":"Subterranean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139834719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danae Karakasi, K. Paragamian, M. Mylonas, K. Vardinoyannis
{"title":"What`s crawling in the dark? An annotated list of gastropods in Greek caves","authors":"Danae Karakasi, K. Paragamian, M. Mylonas, K. Vardinoyannis","doi":"10.3897/subtbiol.48.113383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.48.113383","url":null,"abstract":"Greece is covered by a high percentage of carbonate rocks, resulting in a significant number of over 10,000 caves within its territory. Their fauna is not well known. Concerning gastropods, 68 terrestrial species have been reported from 70 caves. In this study, we contribute to the knowledge of the snails inhabiting Greek caves. We analyzed the literature and studied all the material deposited in the Natural History Museum of Crete, to create a first comprehensive list of gastropods of Greek caves. The number of caves from which gastropod species were reported increased to 182, while the number of known terrestrial species increased to 113. Fourteen of these species live only in caves, twelve of which are endemic of Greece. However, the fauna of Greek caves is still understudied. With the increasing exploration of Greek caves, the number of the known cave-dwelling gastropod species will increase and new species will be discovered.","PeriodicalId":48493,"journal":{"name":"Subterranean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139840523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danae Karakasi, K. Paragamian, M. Mylonas, K. Vardinoyannis
{"title":"What`s crawling in the dark? An annotated list of gastropods in Greek caves","authors":"Danae Karakasi, K. Paragamian, M. Mylonas, K. Vardinoyannis","doi":"10.3897/subtbiol.48.113383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.48.113383","url":null,"abstract":"Greece is covered by a high percentage of carbonate rocks, resulting in a significant number of over 10,000 caves within its territory. Their fauna is not well known. Concerning gastropods, 68 terrestrial species have been reported from 70 caves. In this study, we contribute to the knowledge of the snails inhabiting Greek caves. We analyzed the literature and studied all the material deposited in the Natural History Museum of Crete, to create a first comprehensive list of gastropods of Greek caves. The number of caves from which gastropod species were reported increased to 182, while the number of known terrestrial species increased to 113. Fourteen of these species live only in caves, twelve of which are endemic of Greece. However, the fauna of Greek caves is still understudied. With the increasing exploration of Greek caves, the number of the known cave-dwelling gastropod species will increase and new species will be discovered.","PeriodicalId":48493,"journal":{"name":"Subterranean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139780799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Lagnika, R. P. T. Kayo, G. Sonet, Jean‐François Flot, Patrick Martin
{"title":"DNA taxonomy reveals high species diversity among the stygobiont genus Metastenasellus (Crustacea, Isopoda) in African groundwater","authors":"M. Lagnika, R. P. T. Kayo, G. Sonet, Jean‐François Flot, Patrick Martin","doi":"10.3897/subtbiol.48.113022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.48.113022","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to explore the species diversity within the isopod genus Metastenasellus in Benin and Cameroon. Compared to other parts of the world, the described diversity of stygobiotic crustaceans in Africa is low due to a dearth of studies and taxonomic expertise. However, recent research activities in Benin and Cameroon suggest higher groundwater diversity than previously envisioned. Recent sampling campaigns in these countries have shown that Metastenasellus is a major group in the underground aquatic environment. The accumulation of biological material provided an opportunity to explore species diversity within the genus using a DNA taxonomy approach based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene fragment.\u0000 Despite the limitations of using a single-locus approach for species delimitation, an overview of the diversity within the genus Metastenasellus was obtained, revealing the presence of 23 distinct lineages. Several elements suggest that most, if not all, of these lineages represent valid species. These include high genetic distances between lineages, morphologically distinct species separated by genetic distances of the same order of magnitude as between other described lineages, and the coexistence of different lineages at the same stations.\u0000 Despite a limited sampling effort, these first results indicate a high level of species diversity and endemism within Metastenasellus in the studied regions. The narrow geographic distribution of the lineages suggests strong isolation and limited dispersal abilities. This study highlights the potential for discovering a significant number of new species within this genus and emphasizes the need for further research to uncover the extent of diversity in African stygobiotic isopods.","PeriodicalId":48493,"journal":{"name":"Subterranean Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139857629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}