Roy Xiao, Elizabeth R McGonagle, Tessa A Hadlock, James T Heaton
{"title":"Transcutaneous Facial Nerve Frontal Branch Stimulation to Restore Dynamic Elevation of the Paralyzed Eyebrow in Synkinetic Patients.","authors":"Roy Xiao, Elizabeth R McGonagle, Tessa A Hadlock, James T Heaton","doi":"10.1089/fpsam.2025.0015","DOIUrl":"10.1089/fpsam.2025.0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While patients commonly recover motion following facial nerve injury, aberrant neural regeneration can lead to synkinesis and chronic nonflaccid facial palsy (NFFP); many patients fail to recover volitional eyebrow elevation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess if transcutaneous electrical stimulation of injured frontal branches can achieve eyebrow elevation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied healthy volunteers (<i>N</i> = 10) and patients with unilateral NFFP (<i>N</i> = 36). We performed monopolar transcutaneous stimulation of healthy and paralyzed frontal branches with 4-10 mA pulse trains. We measured eyebrow elevation using Emotrics. Differences between stimulated and volitional elevation were assessed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stimulable patients (<i>N</i> = 32) were capable of a median of 7.2 mm (interquartile range [IQR]: 5.9-10.5 mm) healthy eyebrow and 1.5 mm (IQR: 0.5-3.1 mm) paralyzed eyebrow volitional elevation. Transcutaneous stimulation of the healthy hemiface achieved a median of 8.5 mm (IQR: 6.3-10.5 mm) eyebrow elevation and 7.2 mm (IQR: 5.3-8.2 mm) on the paralyzed side. Maximum stimulated eyebrow elevation required a median current of 9 mA (IQR: 8-10 mA), which patients felt would be tolerable for daily use in a facial pacing prosthesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Transcutaneous electrical stimulation can consistently elevate healthy and paralyzed eyebrows in most individuals with NFFP, suggesting they may benefit from dynamic reanimation of eyebrow elevation and possibly other facial regions in future facial pacing systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":48487,"journal":{"name":"Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"377-383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Patient-Reported Outcomes of Anterior Digastric Myectomy in Deep Plane Facelift and Neck Lift Surgery.","authors":"Alan J Gray, Sidney J Starkman","doi":"10.1177/26893614251399222","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26893614251399222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aesthetic neck contouring is a key component to facial rejuvenation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare patient-reported symptoms after deep neck lift with versus without anterior digastric (AD) myectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort of patients undergoing neck lift (July 2020-December 2024) grouped by AD myectomy status. Primary outcomes were dysphagia, dysarthria, throat pain, and neck tightness lasting >1 month. Secondary outcomes included hematoma, seroma, scar revision, skin breakdown, and revision neck lift.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 452 patients with >3 months' follow-up, 142 had no AD myectomy, and 310 had AD myectomy. Median age was 59 (53-65) versus 60 (54-64) years; 92% were female (89% vs. 94%). Median follow-up was 9.60 (4.53-16.69) versus 9.39 (5.78-13.35) months. Combination procedures were performed in 72% (59% vs. 78%), and submandibular gland reduction in 30.5% (0% vs. 44.5%). Primary complaints occurred in 9.9% (95% CI: 6.0-15.9) versus 10.0% (95% CI: 7.1-13.8) with no significant differences in dysphagia, dysarthria, or throat pain. Neck tightness was lower with AD myectomy: 4.8% versus 13.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.0015. Revision neck lift was lower with AD myectomy: 3.9% versus 9.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.027.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AD myectomy does not increase functional complications and reduces neck tightness and revision surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":48487,"journal":{"name":"Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"361-367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145589367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Q Miller, Babak Azizzadeh, Rachel Baptista, Federico Biglioli, Federico Bolognesi, Gregory H Borschel, Alexander Cardenas, Teresa Gonzalez-Otero, Ayato Hayashi, Tal Kaufman Goldberg, Michael Klebuc, Luis Lassaletta, Catherine Meller, Samuel L Oyer, Berke Ozucer, Jon-Paul Pepper, Shai M Rozen, Alison Snyder-Warwick, Kallirroi Tzafetta, Wei Wang, Abraham Zavala, Tessa Hadlock
{"title":"International and Multispecialty Expert Consensus on Standardization of Facial Reanimation Surgical Outcomes Reporting.","authors":"Matthew Q Miller, Babak Azizzadeh, Rachel Baptista, Federico Biglioli, Federico Bolognesi, Gregory H Borschel, Alexander Cardenas, Teresa Gonzalez-Otero, Ayato Hayashi, Tal Kaufman Goldberg, Michael Klebuc, Luis Lassaletta, Catherine Meller, Samuel L Oyer, Berke Ozucer, Jon-Paul Pepper, Shai M Rozen, Alison Snyder-Warwick, Kallirroi Tzafetta, Wei Wang, Abraham Zavala, Tessa Hadlock","doi":"10.1177/26893614261455000","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26893614261455000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The timing of outcome assessments and tools used to track results after facial reanimation procedures varies considerably throughout the literature. Comparative evaluation of results is not possible without standardized reporting guidelines.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop standardized outcome reporting guidelines for commonly performed facial reanimation procedures using expert consensus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-two international facial nerve experts participated in online surveys between January 2025 and August 2025 to review and report current practices in facial reanimation outcomes research. This group met in person in September 2025 to develop outcome standardization statements. A final online survey established consensus, defined by agreement of at least 80% of the group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experts represented 12 countries and 5 continents. They developed guidelines for general outcomes reporting (6), facial nerve repair (6), free muscle transfer smile reanimation (9), selective facial myectomies (8), nerve transfers (7), selective facial neurectomies (6), and static facial suspension and temporalis transfer (5). Of these statements, all but one reached consensus. The entire group agreed on 35 (74%) statements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A multispecialty international group of facial reanimation experts developed 46 consensus recommendations for reporting outcomes after facial reanimation procedures. These guidelines should facilitate unbiased evaluation of surgical results and comparative effectiveness research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48487,"journal":{"name":"Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"384-391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148284663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>Invited Commentary on:</i> Brownlee et al.'s \"Effect of an Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) Protocol in Post-Operative Pain and Opioid Consumption after Rhinoplasty\".","authors":"Emily Spataro","doi":"10.1177/26893614261447768","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26893614261447768","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48487,"journal":{"name":"Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"451-452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eric X Wei, Oluwatobiloba Ayo-Ajibola, Allen Green, Cherian Kurian Kandathil, Sam P Most
{"title":"Social Disparities in Facial Fracture Management in the United States: An Analysis of Isolated Nasal Bone Fractures.","authors":"Eric X Wei, Oluwatobiloba Ayo-Ajibola, Allen Green, Cherian Kurian Kandathil, Sam P Most","doi":"10.1177/26893614251385525","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26893614251385525","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48487,"journal":{"name":"Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"431-433"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angela Renne, Shaun C Desai, Kofi D O Boahene, Lisa Ishii, Jason C Nellis
{"title":"Age and Sex Disparities in Facial Nerve Repair after Total Parotidectomy with Nerve Sacrifice: A National Study.","authors":"Angela Renne, Shaun C Desai, Kofi D O Boahene, Lisa Ishii, Jason C Nellis","doi":"10.1177/26893614251358751","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26893614251358751","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48487,"journal":{"name":"Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"404-406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asher C Park, Milan P Fehrenbach, Larry W Wang, Douglas M Sidle, James C Wang
{"title":"Postoperative Opioid Receipt and Persistent Opioid Use Disorder Following Rhinoplasty.","authors":"Asher C Park, Milan P Fehrenbach, Larry W Wang, Douglas M Sidle, James C Wang","doi":"10.1177/26893614251386050","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26893614251386050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48487,"journal":{"name":"Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"453-455"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surgical Identification of the Masseteric Nerve for Facial Reanimation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Joseph Latif, Catherine Meller","doi":"10.1177/26893614251362679","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26893614251362679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The masseteric nerve is one of the most commonly utilized in facial reanimation nerve transfer surgery, though reported methods of intraoperative identification are variable.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically review techniques for identifying the masseteric nerve and meta-analyze pooled distances from important landmarks for facial reanimation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of entries on PubMed and EMBASE/Ovid, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies with 291 nerve identification procedures were recorded. Anatomical landmarks, including the tragus, zygomatic arch (ZA), lateral canthus, temporomandibular joint, and alar, were referenced to locate the masseteric nerve. Geometric areas, including the \"masseteric area\" and \"subzygomatic triangle,\" were reported. Random-effects meta-analysis revealed a pooled mean distance from the ZA to the masseteric nerve of 10.26 mm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.72-12.80 mm) and 33.61 mm (95% CI: 10.37-56.86 mm) from the tragus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Distances to the masseteric nerve from static anatomical landmarks may vary due to gender, weight, height, and ethnicity. The most reliable method to localize the masseteric nerve is to measure its distance from the ZA to define the two-dimensional area of interest and triangulate this with depth measurements from the parotidomasseteric fascia for higher accuracy in surgical dissection.</p>","PeriodicalId":48487,"journal":{"name":"Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"394-403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144822906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>Invited Commentary on:</i> Uzunoğlu et al.'s \"The Effect of Subperiosteal Drain Placement on Periorbital Edema and Ecchymosis Following Ultrasonic Piezoelectric-Assisted Rhinoplasty: A Prospective Comparative Study\".","authors":"John Wilson, Dean M Toriumi","doi":"10.1177/26893614251407595","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26893614251407595","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48487,"journal":{"name":"Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"443-444"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicole Wershoven, Matthew Hill, Scott Mann, Andrew Winkler, Adam Terella, Geoffrey Ferril
{"title":"Orbital Hematoma Prevalence after Orbital Floor Repair: Should We Admit Patients after Surgery?","authors":"Nicole Wershoven, Matthew Hill, Scott Mann, Andrew Winkler, Adam Terella, Geoffrey Ferril","doi":"10.1177/26893614251378146","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26893614251378146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48487,"journal":{"name":"Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"428-430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145055992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}