Bmj Military Health最新文献

{"title":"Neurocognitive consequences of blast injuries in military personnel with mild traumatic brain injury: evaluation with the ImPACT quick test.","authors":"Kateryna Sаrаzhynа, Y Solodovnikova, A Son","doi":"10.1136/military-2025-003012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2025-003012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48485,"journal":{"name":"Bmj Military Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of tirzepatide on body weight in Czech soldiers.","authors":"Vladimir Pavlik, B Kupsová, V Šafka","doi":"10.1136/military-2025-003076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2025-003076","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48485,"journal":{"name":"Bmj Military Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of exercise on decreasing Visceral Adiposity Index among the Royal Thai Army personnel in Thailand: a 1-year follow-up study.","authors":"Boonsub Sakboonyarat, J Poovieng, N Wongkliawrian, K Jongcherdchootrakul, P Srisawat, M Mungthin, R Rangsin","doi":"10.1136/military-2025-003009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2025-003009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) was developed as a reliable indicator of visceral adipose function and demonstrated an association with the risk of cardiovascular disease. Recent studies provided an association between exercise and cardiometabolic risk factors among the Royal Thai Army (RTA) personnel in Thailand, with limited evidence from a cross-sectional design. We assessed how exercise affected changes in the VAI in this sample during a 1-year follow-up study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the surveillance database of cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome among RTA personnel from 2022 to 2023. VAI was calculated using anthropometric data and lipid profiles. We used the generalised estimating equations model to evaluate the differences in the mean change in VAI between individuals with no, irregular and regular exercise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included a total of 8433 participants. Those reporting no, irregular and regular exercise were 1.7%, 33.3% and 65.1%, respectively. At the 1-year follow-up, the mean change in VAI for not exercising was 0.19 (95% CI: -0.22 to 0.61), after adjusting for baseline characteristics. On the other hand, the regular exercise group's mean change in VAI was -0.36 (95% CI: -0.54 to -0.18), whereas the irregular exercise group's mean change was -0.36 (95% CI: -0.52 to -0.19). The mean change in VAI for irregular exercise was -0.55 (95% CI: -1.00 to -0.10, p=0.016), which was significantly different from the no-exercise group. The difference between regular exercise and no exercise was -0.56 (95% CI: -1.01 to -0.10, p=0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This 1-year follow-up study demonstrated how exercise reduced VAI among RTA personnel. Our results demonstrate that individuals who reported irregular and regular exercise had a decrease in VAI, but those who reported no exercise did not.</p>","PeriodicalId":48485,"journal":{"name":"Bmj Military Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating cervical screening coverage in Royal Navy personnel at sea (2016-2023): a case study on the limitations of digital surveillance.","authors":"Kirsten Al Morris, H Taylor, C Griffin, M Tilbury","doi":"10.1136/military-2025-003019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/military-2025-003019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48485,"journal":{"name":"Bmj Military Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contact lens-related complications in austere conditions among military personnel: a systematic review.","authors":"Kunal Bhanot, S Jefferys, K Clipstone, S Guest, R J Blanch","doi":"10.1136/military-2023-002476","DOIUrl":"10.1136/military-2023-002476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Military service personnel are required to deploy to austere environments where they are exposed to harsh conditions. Many service personnel continue to wear contact lenses when deployed as they are an effective alternative to spectacles by affording superior ergonomic functionality, although they are associated with significant complications. We aimed to explore the prevalence and type of contact lens-related complications among deployed service personnel worldwide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 statement. PubMed, Medline, CINAHL and EMBASE databases were searched for relevant articles published between 1950 and 2023. The keywords 'contact lens' and 'military' or 'army' or 'navy' or 'air force' and 'austere' or 'deployed' or 'adverse' were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five eligible articles were included. Excluded articles reported contact lens wear in the firm base, were not related to military personnel or did not involve the deployed setting. Major complications associated with contact lens wear included microbial keratitis and contact lens-related discomfort. Excluding case reports, the overall incidence of contact lens-related complications ranged from 0.35% to 25.4%. The three case reports included in this systematic review described <i>Acanthamoeba</i> keratitis, <i>Nocardia</i> keratitis and contact lens-related discomfort as significant complications. These case reports also detailed time to initial presentation and type of contact lens worn when complications were encountered. Types of deployed conditions service personnel were exposed to included desert, temperate and underwater environments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We highlight a scarcity of recent data regarding contact lens-related complications in the deployed setting. While contact lens-wearing service personnel are at risk of infectious keratitis and contact lens-related discomfort, we recommend good-quality data collection on contact lens wearing schedules and complication rates to steer guidance on contact lens wear in service personnel.</p>","PeriodicalId":48485,"journal":{"name":"Bmj Military Health","volume":" ","pages":"306-309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10278111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of spousal military deployment during pregnancy on neonatal birth outcomes: a systematic review.","authors":"Kirsten Morris","doi":"10.1136/military-2023-002454","DOIUrl":"10.1136/military-2023-002454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Stress experienced during pregnancy is associated with adverse birth outcomes including preterm delivery (PTD) and low birth weight (LBW). Pregnant spouses and partners of deployed military personnel can experience heightened stress due to several factors associated with the military lifestyle. This systematic review aims to ascertain whether deployment at the time of delivery increases the risk of PTD and/or LBW in babies born to pregnant spouses or partners of deployed service persons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses method by searching EMBASE, Medline, PubMed and Global Health databases from inception to March 2021. Keyword searches were used to identify primary research, English language journal articles, that included any military branch and reported a measure of PTD and/or LBW of babies born to spouses/partners of deployed service persons. Risk of bias was assessed with validated tools appropriate for study type and a narrative synthesis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three cohort or cross-sectional studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. All three studies were conducted in the US military, were published between 2005 and 2016 and included a cumulative total of 11 028 participants. Evidence suggests that spousal deployment may be a risk factor for PTD, although strength of evidence is weak. No association between spousal deployment and LBW was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pregnant spouses and partners of deployed military personnel may be at increased risk of PTD. The strength of evidence is limited by a paucity of rigorous research in this area. No studies were identified that included service women in the UK Armed Forces. Further research is required to understand the perinatal needs of pregnant spouses/partners of deployed service persons and to understand if there are unmet clinical or social needs in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":48485,"journal":{"name":"Bmj Military Health","volume":" ","pages":"301-305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9746777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical management of distal tibiofibular sprains in military medicine: latest data and future treatment perspectives.","authors":"Gaëtan Hebrard de Veyrinas, L Aigle, S Coste, O Barbier, A Sabaté Ferris, N Loubradou, R Griffier, C Choufani","doi":"10.1136/military-2023-002583","DOIUrl":"10.1136/military-2023-002583","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48485,"journal":{"name":"Bmj Military Health","volume":" ","pages":"379-380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138886270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in haemoglobin and ferritin levels during basic combat training: relevance for attrition and injury frequency.","authors":"Fabian Taube, I Larsson, M Navren, Ö Ekblom","doi":"10.1136/military-2023-002656","DOIUrl":"10.1136/military-2023-002656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The primary aim of the present study was to assess interindividual and intraindividual variations in haemoglobin and ferritin concentrations in Swedish recruits over 5 months of basic combat training (BCT). The secondary aim was to find predictors for missing training (a precursor for attrition) and overuse injuries during BCT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a cohort design, a total of 58 female and 104 male recruits provided complete data. We assessed the ferritin concentrations and haemoglobin concentrations at baseline and after 5 months of BCT and physical work capacity at baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During BCT, haemoglobin concentrations increased significantly in both females and males. Ferritin concentrations decreased significantly in both sexes and the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) (ie, ferritin levels <30 µg/L) increased significantly in females. The physical work capacity at baseline was related to the risk of missing training in fully adjusted models. In gender-adjusted analyses, baseline ferritin was related to the risk of overuse injury, but neither baseline nor change in iron status was related to injuries or risk of missing training when controlling for confounders. Body mass increased significantly in both genders, but we found no correlation between individual change in body mass and change in haemoglobin or ferritin nor was change in body mass related to the risk of overuse injury or missing training.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the present study, the prevalence of ID increased over the course of 5 months, while haemoglobin concentrations increased. As baseline physical work capacity was related to missing training, there are reasons to support preparatory physical training before BCT. These findings may inform future preventive interventions aimed at preventing detrimental effects of ID.</p>","PeriodicalId":48485,"journal":{"name":"Bmj Military Health","volume":" ","pages":"333-338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12322452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food for thought: dietary nootropics for the optimisation of military operators' cognitive performance.","authors":"Christopher A J Vine, T J Spurr, Sam D Blacker","doi":"10.1136/military-2024-002706","DOIUrl":"10.1136/military-2024-002706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nootropics are compounds that enhance cognitive performance and have been highlighted as a medium-term human augmentation technology that could support soldier performance. Given the differing ethical, safety and legal considerations associated with the pharmaceutical subset of nootropics, this analysis focuses on dietary supplementation which may enhance cognition during training and operations. Numerous supplements have been investigated as possible nootropics; however, research is often not context specific or of high quality, leading to questions regarding efficacy. There are many other complex cofactors that may affect the efficacy of any dietary nootropic supplement which is designed to improve cognition, such as external stressors (eg, sleep deprivation, high physical workloads), task specifics (eg, cognitive processes required) and other psychological constructs (eg, placebo/nocebo effect). Moreover, military population considerations, such as prior nutritional knowledge and current supplement consumption (eg, caffeine), along with other issues such as supplement contamination, should be evaluated when considering dietary nootropic use within military populations. However, given the increasing requirement for cognitive capabilities by military personnel to complete role-related tasks, dietary nootropics could be highly beneficial in specific contexts. While current evidence is broadly weak, nutritional nootropic supplements may be of most use to the military end user during periods of high military specific stress. Currently, caffeine and L-tyrosine are the leading nootropic supplement candidates within the military context. Future military-specific research on nootropics should be of high quality and use externally valid methodologies to maximise the translation of research to practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48485,"journal":{"name":"Bmj Military Health","volume":" ","pages":"297-300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141293844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do athletic ECG changes predict athletic performance in Gurkha recruits?","authors":"Michael Paton, A K H Wong, D Cooper, D Pun, J Melhuish, I T Parsons","doi":"10.1136/military-2023-002576","DOIUrl":"10.1136/military-2023-002576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>ECG changes are associated with regular long-term intensive exercise due to electrical manifestations of increased vagal tone, increased ventricular wall thickness and enlarged chamber size. The aim of this study was to further understand the relationship of athletic ECG changes and athletic performance in an athletic population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was performed in 195 Nepali civilian males undergoing selection to the Gurkhas. V̇O_2max (maximal oxygen consumption) was estimated from a 1.5-mile run time using Cooper's formula and correlated with athletic ECG adaptations. Variables were explored with univariable and multivariable linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median number of athletic changes on ECG was 2 (IQR 1-2). There was no significant correlation (p=0.46) between the number of ECG adaptations and the degree of cardiovascular fitness by estimated V̇O_2max (estV̇O_2max). We found a negligible but significant correlation between the presence of inferior T wave inversion (TWI) and estV̇O_2max (R²=0.03, p=0.02). The multivariable-fitted regression model was: estV̇O_2max~Intercept+presence of RVH (right ventricular hypertrophy) voltage criteria+absence of sinus arrhythmia+T wave axis+inferior TWI. The overall regression was statistically significant: R²=0.10, F(df=4, df=189)=[5.4], p=0.0004). All variables in the multivariable model significantly predicted estV̇O_2max (p<0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ECG changes of athleticism negligibly predict and differentiate athletic performance in our athletic population. The most predictive ECG markers being voltage criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy and RVH. Markers of increased vagal tone were not predictive. TWI, being a marker for disease, was also a marker for athletic performance in this cohort. The number of athletic ECG adaptations did not predict increased athletic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48485,"journal":{"name":"Bmj Military Health","volume":" ","pages":"364-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}